Question 1

Variable X is correlated with Variable Y. Which of the following could explain this correlation?

Accepted Answer

A)  X causes Y. 
B)  Y causes X. 
C)  A third variable causes or influences both X and Y. 
D)  All of these are possible explanations. 
A)  X causes Y. 
B)  Y causes X. 
C)  A third variable causes or influences both X and Y. 
D)  All of these are possible explanations.

Question 2

A psychiatrist is interested in determining if the condition of individuals who are clinically depressed improves with either 20 or 40 milligrams of Prozac. She administers 20 milligrams to a random half of her clients and 40 milligrams to the other half. She finds that, after six months, the clients who took 40 milligrams of Prozac are significantly less depressed than those clients who took 20 milligrams of Prozac. Which type of study did the psychiatrist conduct?

Accepted Answer

A)  correlational research 
B)  experimental research 
C)  controlled research 
D)  hypothetical research 
A)  correlational research 
B)  experimental research 
C)  controlled research 
D)  hypothetical research

Question 3

The degree to which an experiment absorbs and involves its participants refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  realistic experimentation. 
B)  televised reality. 
C)  mundane realism. 
D)  experimental realism. 
A)  realistic experimentation. 
B)  televised reality. 
C)  mundane realism. 
D)  experimental realism.

Question 4

Identify a true statement about attitudes and personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  They influence behavior. 
B)  They are a result of an individual's own understanding of the world. 
C)  They are primary motivators for action. 
D)  They are inherited biologically. 
A)  They influence behavior. 
B)  They are a result of an individual's own understanding of the world. 
C)  They are primary motivators for action. 
D)  They are inherited biologically.

Question 5

The study by Douglas Carroll and his colleagues (1994) examined the link between socioeconomic status and health using grave markers. Which type of research was this?

Accepted Answer

A)  correlational research 
B)  experimental research 
C)  controlled research 
D)  hypothetical research 
A)  correlational research 
B)  experimental research 
C)  controlled research 
D)  hypothetical research

Question 6

If you ask conservative, liberal, independent, and green party voters their opinions of political candidates, rather than just conservative voters, you are attempting to ensure that your sample is

Accepted Answer

A)  fair. 
B)  sufficient. 
C)  representative. 
D)  random. 
A)  fair. 
B)  sufficient. 
C)  representative. 
D)  random.

Question 7

Identify a true statement about facts and theories.

Accepted Answer

A)  Facts explain theories. 
B)  Theories explain facts. 
C)  Facts are ideas, whereas theories are explanations. 
D)  Theories are statements, whereas facts are assumptions. 
A)  Facts explain theories. 
B)  Theories explain facts. 
C)  Facts are ideas, whereas theories are explanations. 
D)  Theories are statements, whereas facts are assumptions.

Question 8

The use of deception in social-psychological research occurs when the researchers require _____ in their study.

Accepted Answer

A)  realistic experimentation 
B)  televised reality 
C)  mundane realism 
D)  experimental realism 
A)  realistic experimentation 
B)  televised reality 
C)  mundane realism 
D)  experimental realism

Question 9

If you wanted more people to donate organs upon their death, you would

Accepted Answer

A)  put nothing on their drivers' license about organ donation. 
B)  give a default option of 'yes' and a space to check to "opt out." 
C)  give a default option of 'no' and a space to check to donate. 
D)  give them a 'yes' or 'no' choice to check. 
A)  put nothing on their drivers' license about organ donation. 
B)  give a default option of 'yes' and a space to check to "opt out." 
C)  give a default option of 'no' and a space to check to donate. 
D)  give them a 'yes' or 'no' choice to check.

Question 10

To get information from a survey that you can generalize to the whole country, you will need to get information from at least _____ people.

Accepted Answer

A)  150 
B)  1,200 
C)  5,000 
D)  10,000 
A)  150 
B)  1,200 
C)  5,000 
D)  10,000

Question 11

Review the research on factors that may alter the results one acquires from survey research. Include issues related to samples, wording of questions, response options, and order of questions.

Accepted Answer

There are several factors that may alter

Question 12

You are interested in finding out the effect that crowding has on people's moods. You conduct a study in a psychology research lab using two types of participants - participants who have to wait in a crowded waiting room before completing a measure of their mood, and participants who wait in an empty room before completing the same measure. Which type of research did you conduct?

Accepted Answer

A)  correlational research 
B)  experimental research 
C)  laboratory research 
D)  both experimental and laboratory research 
A)  correlational research 
B)  experimental research 
C)  laboratory research 
D)  both experimental and laboratory research

Question 13

The analogy used in the text to describe what happens when old theories are discarded employs a discussion of how

Accepted Answer

A)  old cars are kept as antiques. 
B)  old cars are replaced by newer and better models. 
C)  new cars are often not built as well as older models. 
D)  new cars are frequently more fuel efficient than older models. 
A)  old cars are kept as antiques. 
B)  old cars are replaced by newer and better models. 
C)  new cars are often not built as well as older models. 
D)  new cars are frequently more fuel efficient than older models.

Question 14

Putting participants in one of two conditions of an experiment by using random assignment

Accepted Answer

A)  helps generalize research findings. 
B)  reduces the validity of the study. 
C)  creates two equivalent groups. 
D)  results in two different groups. 
A)  helps generalize research findings. 
B)  reduces the validity of the study. 
C)  creates two equivalent groups. 
D)  results in two different groups.

Question 15

Those who consider under-the-skin (biological) and between skins (social) influences on topics such as love and hate are likely to be referred as

Accepted Answer

A)  social biologists. 
B)  social neuroscientists. 
C)  social behaviorists. 
D)  social anthropologists. 
A)  social biologists. 
B)  social neuroscientists. 
C)  social behaviorists. 
D)  social anthropologists.

Question 16

Correlational research allows us to

Accepted Answer

A)  infer cause and effect. 
B)  make predictions. 
C)  uncover independent variables. 
D)  control variables. 
A)  infer cause and effect. 
B)  make predictions. 
C)  uncover independent variables. 
D)  control variables.

Question 17

Research indicates that survey results often depend on the

Accepted Answer

A)  number of questions asked. 
B)  gender of the surveyor. 
C)  gender of the respondent. 
D)  wording of the questions. 
A)  number of questions asked. 
B)  gender of the surveyor. 
C)  gender of the respondent. 
D)  wording of the questions.

Question 18

Describe the hindsight bias and explain how it could influence how much the typical student prepares for a social psychology exam.

Accepted Answer

The hindsight bias, also known as the "I

Question 19

Another name for the "I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon" is the

Accepted Answer

A)  retrospective bias. 
B)  information bias. 
C)  prediction bias. 
D)  hindsight bias. 
A)  retrospective bias. 
B)  information bias. 
C)  prediction bias. 
D)  hindsight bias.

Question 20

Values enter the work of social psychology when researchers

Accepted Answer

A)  collect data for their studies. 
B)  present the results of their studies. 
C)  summarize their studies. 
D)  choose the topics of their studies. 
A)  collect data for their studies. 
B)  present the results of their studies. 
C)  summarize their studies. 
D)  choose the topics of their studies.

Variable X is correlated with Variable Y. Which of the following could explain this correlation?

The degree to which an experiment absorbs and involves its participants refers to

Identify a true statement about attitudes and personality.

The study by Douglas Carroll and his colleagues (1994) examined the link between socioeconomic status and health using grave markers. Which type of research was this?

If you ask conservative, liberal, independent, and green party voters their opinions of political candidates, rather than just conservative voters, you are attempting to ensure that your sample is

Identify a true statement about facts and theories.

The use of deception in social-psychological research occurs when the researchers require _____ in their study.

If you wanted more people to donate organs upon their death, you would

To get information from a survey that you can generalize to the whole country, you will need to get information from at least _____ people.

Review the research on factors that may alter the results one acquires from survey research. Include issues related to samples, wording of questions, response options, and order of questions.

The analogy used in the text to describe what happens when old theories are discarded employs a discussion of how

Putting participants in one of two conditions of an experiment by using random assignment

Those who consider under-the-skin (biological) and between skins (social) influences on topics such as love and hate are likely to be referred as

Correlational research allows us to

Research indicates that survey results often depend on the

Describe the hindsight bias and explain how it could influence how much the typical student prepares for a social psychology exam.

Another name for the "I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon" is the

Values enter the work of social psychology when researchers

The Biology of Mind

Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind

Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity

Developing Through the Life Span

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Thinking and Language

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What Drives Us: Hunger, Sex, Friendship, and Achievement

Emotions, Stress, and Health

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Exam 1: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

Variable X is correlated with Variable Y. Which of the following could explain this correlation?

The degree to which an experiment absorbs and involves its participants refers to

Identify a true statement about attitudes and personality.

The study by Douglas Carroll and his colleagues (1994) examined the link between socioeconomic status and health using grave markers. Which type of research was this?

If you ask conservative, liberal, independent, and green party voters their opinions of political candidates, rather than just conservative voters, you are attempting to ensure that your sample is

Identify a true statement about facts and theories.

The use of deception in social-psychological research occurs when the researchers require _____ in their study.

If you wanted more people to donate organs upon their death, you would

To get information from a survey that you can generalize to the whole country, you will need to get information from at least _____ people.

Review the research on factors that may alter the results one acquires from survey research. Include issues related to samples, wording of questions, response options, and order of questions.

The analogy used in the text to describe what happens when old theories are discarded employs a discussion of how

Putting participants in one of two conditions of an experiment by using random assignment

Those who consider under-the-skin (biological) and between skins (social) influences on topics such as love and hate are likely to be referred as

Correlational research allows us to

Research indicates that survey results often depend on the

Describe the hindsight bias and explain how it could influence how much the typical student prepares for a social psychology exam.

Another name for the "I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon" is the

Values enter the work of social psychology when researchers

The Biology of Mind

Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind

Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity

Developing Through the Life Span

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Thinking and Language

Intelligence

What Drives Us: Hunger, Sex, Friendship, and Achievement

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Therapy

Filters