Exam 1: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

The experimental factor that a researcher manipulates in a study is called the _____ variable.

Which of the following topics is NOT an example of what social psychologists study?

A psychology professor wants to determine if there is a relationship between hours spent on studying and grades. Therefore, the professor collects data on the time spent for studying by each student and then compares it with their grades. Which type of research is this?

Maslow's description of "self-actualized" people was based on a sample he personally selected. Had he selected other people to describe, his ensuing list of self-actualization characterizations may have been different. This is an example of how values can influence

When participating in a psychology research experiment, you are told that the purpose of the study is to find out if tall people are more prejudiced than short people. Because you want to behave accordingly, you agree with questions on a survey of prejudice more so than you would otherwise. Your behavior in this study is most likely a result of

You are participating in a social-psychological research experiment, and the researcher reads the instructions to you and the other participants so that each of you hears exactly the same instructions. By standardizing the instructions, the researcher is attempting to control the

Which of the following is a disadvantage of correlational research?

Discuss the evidence regarding the role of self-esteem in academic achievement.

Ann Landers' 1984 survey of women readers' opinions about romantic affection and sex was probably

A _____ is an integrated set of principles that can explain and predict observed events.

In Snyder and Haugen's research on obesity and social status (1994, 1995), male students were shown a picture of a normal or obese female student before having a phone conversation with the female student. In this study, the independent variable was the

The cues in an experiment that tell the participants what behavior is expected are called

Two major advantages that experiments have over correlational studies are

The best statement about objective reality is

In 1936, the news magazine Literary Digest obtained the opinions of over two million Americans regarding the presidential election. The results suggested that Landon would win in a landslide over Franklin D. Roosevelt. A few weeks later, FDR won in a landslide. The results of the survey were not valid, and this was due to

Random assignment helps researchers _____.

Research on the wording of survey questions suggests that

A testable proposition that describes a relationship which may exist between events is a

A study of _____ women, by Gortmaker and colleagues (1993), found that these women were less likely to be married and less likely to earn high salaries than women in a comparison group.

Experimental laboratory research findings in social psychology