Question 1

Marble and quartzite are non-foliated metamorphic rocks because

Accepted Answer

A)  they are never found beneath fault zones or collisional mountain ranges. 
B)  both are dominated by minerals that produce equant grains. 
C)  both are dominated by minerals with crystalline structures that cannot be dissolved. 
D)  dynamothermal metamorphism can break down the structures of their constituent minerals,but the minerals are unstable in that metamorphic environment. 
A)  they are never found beneath fault zones or collisional mountain ranges. 
B)  both are dominated by minerals that produce equant grains. 
C)  both are dominated by minerals with crystalline structures that cannot be dissolved. 
D)  dynamothermal metamorphism can break down the structures of their constituent minerals,but the minerals are unstable in that metamorphic environment. B

Question 2

Metamorphism caused by shear stress that does not require changes in temperature or pressure results in a rock known as _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  slate 
B)  gneiss 
C)  breccia 
D)  mylonite 
A)  slate 
B)  gneiss 
C)  breccia 
D)  mylonite D

Question 3

Foliated metamorphic rocks possess

Accepted Answer

A)  leafy plant fossils (ancient foliage). 
B)  a homogeneous texture resulting from randomly oriented grains. 
C)  mineral grains in preferred orientations or patterns of association. 
D)  minerals precipitated directly from seawater. 
A)  leafy plant fossils (ancient foliage). 
B)  a homogeneous texture resulting from randomly oriented grains. 
C)  mineral grains in preferred orientations or patterns of association. 
D)  minerals precipitated directly from seawater. C

Question 4

Consult the figure below.Compared with amphibolite metamorphic facies,the minerals in greenschist facies occur in

Accepted Answer

A)  lower-grade rocks. 
B)  higher-grade rocks. 
C)  partially melted rocks. 
D)  the same grade but a different chemistry due to different protoliths. 
A)  lower-grade rocks. 
B)  higher-grade rocks. 
C)  partially melted rocks. 
D)  the same grade but a different chemistry due to different protoliths.

Question 5

Dynamothermal (regional)metamorphism occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  rock becomes deeply buried during continental collision and mountain building. 
B)  regression of the sea leads to erosion of sedimentary cover on a body of rock. 
C)  the upper surface of a body of rock develops a thick soil profile. 
D)  a pluton causes metamorphism in a small surrounding region. 
A)  rock becomes deeply buried during continental collision and mountain building. 
B)  regression of the sea leads to erosion of sedimentary cover on a body of rock. 
C)  the upper surface of a body of rock develops a thick soil profile. 
D)  a pluton causes metamorphism in a small surrounding region.

Question 6

A buried body of shale is subjected to differential stress,causing clay minerals to realign and produce slate.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  diagenesis. 
B)  erosion. 
C)  metamorphism. 
D)  weathering. 
A)  diagenesis. 
B)  erosion. 
C)  metamorphism. 
D)  weathering.

Question 7

What distinguishes metamorphic grade from metamorphic facies?

Accepted Answer

Metamorphic grade is a somewhat informal

Question 8

________ metamorphism affects the greatest volumes of rock and produces the greatest variety in metamorphic rock types.

Accepted Answer

A)  Thermal 
B)  Regional 
C)  Dynamic 
D)  Shock 
A)  Thermal 
B)  Regional 
C)  Dynamic 
D)  Shock

Question 9

The blueschist facies form under which of these conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  high temperature and high pressure 
B)  low temperature and low pressure 
C)  high temperature but relatively low pressure 
D)  high pressure but relatively low temperature 
A)  high temperature and high pressure 
B)  low temperature and low pressure 
C)  high temperature but relatively low pressure 
D)  high pressure but relatively low temperature

Question 10

Mylonites,formed from dynamic metamorphism,typically occur where there has been substantial

Accepted Answer

A)  high temperature. 
B)  high pressure. 
C)  hydrothermal fluid movement. 
D)  shearing. 
A)  high temperature. 
B)  high pressure. 
C)  hydrothermal fluid movement. 
D)  shearing.

Question 11

What is an index mineral? What do metamorphic isograds indicate? What is a metamorphic zone?

Accepted Answer

An index mineral is a mineral that forms

Question 12

In the formation of gneiss from a granite protolith,distinctive compositional bands form because of

Accepted Answer

A)  crystals migrating within the rock. 
B)  crystals dissolving,with atoms and ions migrating and reorganizing as new crystals. 
C)  crystals melting,with new crystals solidifying in color bands. 
D)  chemical reactions with groundwater. 
A)  crystals migrating within the rock. 
B)  crystals dissolving,with atoms and ions migrating and reorganizing as new crystals. 
C)  crystals melting,with new crystals solidifying in color bands. 
D)  chemical reactions with groundwater.

Question 13

Rocks resulting from shock metamorphism are likely to reveal minerals that underwent _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  plastic deformation 
B)  hydrothermal alteration 
C)  a phase change 
D)  recrystallization 
A)  plastic deformation 
B)  hydrothermal alteration 
C)  a phase change 
D)  recrystallization

Question 14

A heavy book is placed on top of a ball of pizza dough,causing the dough to flatten.This is an application of

Accepted Answer

A)  normal stress. 
B)  pressure. 
C)  shear stress. 
D)  metasomatism. 
A)  normal stress. 
B)  pressure. 
C)  shear stress. 
D)  metasomatism.

Question 15

Which list properly orders foliated metamorphic rocks from lowest to highest grade from left to right?

Accepted Answer

A)  conglomerate,sandstone,siltstone,and shale 
B)  shale,slate,phyllite,and quartzite 
C)  slate,phyllite,schist,and gneiss 
D)  gneiss,phyllite,schist,and slate 
A)  conglomerate,sandstone,siltstone,and shale 
B)  shale,slate,phyllite,and quartzite 
C)  slate,phyllite,schist,and gneiss 
D)  gneiss,phyllite,schist,and slate

Question 16

What is a metamorphic aureole? What is the relationship between grade of metamorphism and proximity to the intrusion? What types of conditions are responsible for the formation of an aureole?

Accepted Answer

A metamorphic aureole is a zone of alter

Question 17

Regional metamorphism

Accepted Answer

A)  takes place at low temperatures and low pressure. 
B)  takes place at low temperatures but high pressure. 
C)  is another name for thermal metamorphism. 
D)  is another name for dynamothermal metamorphism. 
A)  takes place at low temperatures and low pressure. 
B)  takes place at low temperatures but high pressure. 
C)  is another name for thermal metamorphism. 
D)  is another name for dynamothermal metamorphism.

Question 18

The mineral assemblage within metamorphic rock is

Accepted Answer

A)  always identical to that found within its protolith. 
B)  dependent only on the mineral assemblage of its protolith. 
C)  dependent only on the temperature and pressure of formation. 
D)  dependent on both the mineral assemblage of its protolith and the temperature and pressure of formation. 
A)  always identical to that found within its protolith. 
B)  dependent only on the mineral assemblage of its protolith. 
C)  dependent only on the temperature and pressure of formation. 
D)  dependent on both the mineral assemblage of its protolith and the temperature and pressure of formation.

Question 19

Which of the following is a primary difference between phyllite and schist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Schist contains mica,whereas phyllite contains only clay. 
B)  Phyllite contains mica,whereas schist contains only clay. 
C)  Mica crystals within schist are larger than those within phyllite. 
D)  Mica crystals within phyllite are larger than those within schist. 
A)  Schist contains mica,whereas phyllite contains only clay. 
B)  Phyllite contains mica,whereas schist contains only clay. 
C)  Mica crystals within schist are larger than those within phyllite. 
D)  Mica crystals within phyllite are larger than those within schist.

Question 20

A body of gneiss is subjected to heat and forms a melt.Later,the melt cools and crystallizes to form a(n)________ rock.

Accepted Answer

A)  metamorphic 
B)  igneous 
C)  sedimentary 
D)  volcanic 
A)  metamorphic 
B)  igneous 
C)  sedimentary 
D)  volcanic

Exam 7: Metamorphism: a Process of Change

Marble and quartzite are non-foliated metamorphic rocks because

Metamorphism caused by shear stress that does not require changes in temperature or pressure results in a rock known as _________.

Foliated metamorphic rocks possess

Consult the figure below.Compared with amphibolite metamorphic facies,the minerals in greenschist facies occur in

Dynamothermal (regional)metamorphism occurs when

A buried body of shale is subjected to differential stress,causing clay minerals to realign and produce slate.This is an example of

What distinguishes metamorphic grade from metamorphic facies?

________ metamorphism affects the greatest volumes of rock and produces the greatest variety in metamorphic rock types.

The blueschist facies form under which of these conditions?

Mylonites,formed from dynamic metamorphism,typically occur where there has been substantial

What is an index mineral? What do metamorphic isograds indicate? What is a metamorphic zone?

In the formation of gneiss from a granite protolith,distinctive compositional bands form because of

Rocks resulting from shock metamorphism are likely to reveal minerals that underwent _______.

A heavy book is placed on top of a ball of pizza dough,causing the dough to flatten.This is an application of

Which list properly orders foliated metamorphic rocks from lowest to highest grade from left to right?

What is a metamorphic aureole? What is the relationship between grade of metamorphism and proximity to the intrusion? What types of conditions are responsible for the formation of an aureole?

Regional metamorphism

The mineral assemblage within metamorphic rock is

Which of the following is a primary difference between phyllite and schist?

A body of gneiss is subjected to heat and forms a melt.Later,the melt cools and crystallizes to form a(n)________ rock.

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

Pages of the Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags,cracks,and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of the Earth

Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: the Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

Dry Regions: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Introducing Rocks

A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

The Rock Cycle

The Earth’s Interior Revisited: Insights from Geophysics

Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

Ever-Changing Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

Prelude: And Just What is Geology?

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