Exam 5: The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

Of the three primary forms of subaerial volcanoes,________ consist of a cone-shaped pile of tephra often formed in a single eruption.

Olympus Mons,the largest known volcano in our Solar System,is an example of a ________.

Of the three primary forms of subaerial volcanoes,________ are large cone-shaped mountains that consist of alternating layers of tephra and solidified lava.

Which of the following magma compositions are most commonly erupted in continental arc settings?

How do volcanic eruptions affect global average temperatures on the Earth?

Hot spot volcanoes are associated with which geologic feature?

In 79 C.E.,the citizens of Pompeii and Herculaneum in the Roman Empire were buried by pyroclastic debris derived from an eruption of ________.

Describe how explosive eruptions occur.Make sure to address viscosity,gas content,and the process for building pressure.

As compared to subaerial basaltic lavas,submarine basaltic lavas differ in that they ________.

Recurrence intervals are often used as estimates of when the next eruption might occur.Explain what a recurrence interval is and how it is calculated.Why is a recurrence interval not the most useful means of forecasting eruptions?

A large,violent,explosive eruption is termed a __________________ eruption.

Nonviolent eruptions characterized by extensive flows of basaltic lava are termed ________.

The characteristic "rotten egg" smell of many active volcanoes is derived from ________.

Explosive or voluminous eruptions may cause a volcano to subside or collapse into the now-empty magma chamber,producing a broad depression termed a ________.

Viscous lava that accumulates above a vent in a bulbous mass creates a

Pillow lavas are most commonly associated with ________.

List and describe two volcanic hazards,including both a description of the hazard and the possible effects of the hazard.

What was unusual about the 1986 volcano-related disaster near Lake Nyos in Cameroon?

Lithified ash (or ash mixed with pyroclastic fragments)forms a volcaniclastic rock called a:

The image below shows a lava dome in Panum Crater,California.What is the most likely composition of the rocks that make up this lava dome?