Exam 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy

Jerome Kagan and other developmentalists stress that ________ play a more important role in a child's social competence than the attachment theorists, such as Bowlby and Ainsworth, are willing to acknowledge.

Natalie is in the Strange Situation, and she clings anxiously to her caregiver. She does not explore the playroom. She would most likely be classified as being

The most frequent expression of an infant's fear involves

When a mother plays peek-a-boo with her baby, she moves from covering the baby and saying "peek-a-boo" to covering her own eyes and saying it. This illustrates

Alexa and Mandy are discussing the best parenting strategies in relation to a child's temperament. Alexa thinks that the best strategy is putting standard goals in place to deal with children's individualities. However, Mandy disagrees with Alexa's view. Which of the following statements supports Mandy's view?

During phase 1 of John Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, what is most likely to occur?

Mary often plays the game peek-a-boo with her baby. Initially, Mary covers her baby and then removes the cover, registering "surprise" at the baby's reappearance. After a time, her baby does the covering and uncovering. This is an example of

According to critics, the Strange Situation might not be able to capture important differences among infants because

Anna is at a phase of attachment where she takes the feelings of others into consideration before acting. According to John Bowlby, what age range would Anna fall under?

Austin is in the Strange Situation and shows strong patterns of avoidance and resistance. He also displays extreme fearfulness around the caregiver. He would be classified as being

In the Strange Situation, Quentin cries mildly when his caregiver departs. However, he is happy upon reunion, and then he continues to explore once the caregiver has returned. He would be classified as being

In Canada, parents tend to prefer children with a(n) ________ temperament, whereas in China a(n) ________ temperament is more highly valued.

Two-month-old Trey is crying loudly. It is a sudden long, initial loud cry followed by breath holding. This type of cry indicates that Trey is

Researchers have found that infant ________ is linked to guilt, empathy, and low aggression at six to seven years of age.

Which of the following is a characteristic of reciprocal socialization?

Describe the Strange Situation. What is an important criticism of this method?

What are the recommended parenting strategies for different children's temperaments?

Feelings or affects that occur when a person is in a state or an interaction that is important to him or her, especially to his or her well-being, are known as ________.

What is the significant finding of Harlow's experiments on monkeys reared by surrogate mothers?

Shoko responds positively to being picked up by others, and when put back down, freely moves away to play. She would most likely be classified as being