Exam 4: Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

Which statement concerning receptors is correct?

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s). (More than one answer may apply.) a.nicotinic receptors b.muscarinic receptors c.alpha receptors d.beta-1 receptors e.beta-2 receptors -response to activation of this type of adrenergic receptor generally inhibitory

____________________ discrimination depends on the region of the basilar membrane that vibrates.

Match the divisions, labelled a. through d., with the anatomical and physiological autonomic features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.parasympathetic division b.sympathetic division c.both parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions d.neither parasympathetic nor sympathetic divisions -decrease exocrine activity of the pancreas

Compare and contrast the divisions of the autonomic nervous system.

The olfactory mucosa contains enzymes that remove odoriferous molecules so that the sensation of smell doesn't linger after the source of the odour is removed.

For near vision, the ciliary muscle (contracts or relaxes) so that the suspensory ligaments become (taut or slack). This allows the lens to (flatten or round up), which (increases or decreases) the strength of the lens.

Which of the following statements concerning the terminal ganglia is correct?

____________________ is our conscious interpretation of the external world as created by the brain from a pattern of nerve impulses delivered to it from sensory receptors.

Describe the conduction of sound energy and its subsequent transduction into neural stimuli.

Match the type of nociceptor, labelled a. through c., with the properties associated with each type of nociceptor. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.mechanical nociceptor b.thermal nociceptor c.polymodal nociceptor -responds to temperature extremes

Unlike the visual pathways, auditory signals from each ear are transmitted to both hemispheres.

Coding of sensory information may result from which one of these actions?

What is the role of glutamate in the pain pathways?

Match the eye disorders, labelled a. through i., with their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.colour blindness b.night blindness c.glaucoma d.hyperopia e.diplopia f.presbyopia g.myopia h.cataract i.astigmatism -lack of a cone type

By blocking the effect of acetylcholine at muscarinic but not nicotinic receptors, atropine is able to block parasympathetic effects while not influencing sympathetic activity at all.

Match the part of the autonomic nervous system, labelled a. through d., with its description(s). (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.sympathetic nervous system b.parasympathetic nervous system c.both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system d.neither sympathetic nor parasympathetic nervous system -has a long preganglionic fibre and a short postganglionic fibre

ACh is the neurotransmitter released to signal skeletal muscles.

Which of the following organs is NOT innervated by the parasympathetic division?

Sympathetic stimulation of the gallbladder relaxes the activity of this organ.