Question 1

Protein synthesis on the primordial Earth may have been catalyzed by ____ before the evolution of enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) carbohydrates 
C) amino acids 
D) RNA 
E) lightning 
A) DNA 
B) carbohydrates 
C) amino acids 
D) RNA 
E) lightning

Question 2

​The Precambrian began with an Earth that was too hot for life and had no oxygen during the ____ eon.

Accepted Answer

A) ​Archaean 
B) ​Hadean 
C) ​Proterozoic 
D) ​Phanerozoic 
E) ​Cambrian 
A) ​Archaean 
B) ​Hadean 
C) ​Proterozoic 
D) ​Phanerozoic 
E) ​Cambrian

Question 3

​Astrobiologists believe ____ is an essential component for life throughout our universe.

Accepted Answer

A) ​carbon dioxide 
B) ​liquid water 
C) ​ozone 
D) ​gravity 
E) ​sunlight 
A) ​carbon dioxide 
B) ​liquid water 
C) ​ozone 
D) ​gravity 
E) ​sunlight

Question 4

Four of the five answers below are traits that are signatures of a eukaryotic cell fossil. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A) small cell wall diameter 
B) complex patterns 
C) large size 
D) biomarker such as steroids 
E) cell wall with spikes 
A) small cell wall diameter 
B) complex patterns 
C) large size 
D) biomarker such as steroids 
E) cell wall with spikes

Question 5

Life probably never would have emerged if the ancient atmosphere had been the same as the present one, because ____ interferes with the assembly of simple organic compounds.

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide 
B) hydrogen 
C) oxygen 
D) nitrogen 
E) silica 
A) carbon dioxide 
B) hydrogen 
C) oxygen 
D) nitrogen 
E) silica

Question 6

Earth bacteria are unable to withstand high temperatures and pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The metabolic reactions that occur in all cells require a certain molecule, also believed to be present very early on Earth. What is this molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon 
B) nitrogen 
C) water 
D) oxygen 
E) hydrocarbon 
A) carbon 
B) nitrogen 
C) water 
D) oxygen 
E) hydrocarbon

Question 8

Mitochondria most resemble ____.

Accepted Answer

A) archaeans 
B) aerobic bacteria 
C) cyanobacteria 
D) early eukaryotes 
E) anaerobic bacteria 
A) archaeans 
B) aerobic bacteria 
C) cyanobacteria 
D) early eukaryotes 
E) anaerobic bacteria

Question 9

Eukaryotic nuclei arose through ____.

Accepted Answer

A) cytoplasmic diffusion 
B) formation of a new internal membrane by the eukaryotic cell 
C) an endosymbiotic relationship with a bacteria 
D) infoldings of the cell's plasma membrane 
E) the uptake of the cell's genome by a membrane organelle already present in the cell 
A) cytoplasmic diffusion 
B) formation of a new internal membrane by the eukaryotic cell 
C) an endosymbiotic relationship with a bacteria 
D) infoldings of the cell's plasma membrane 
E) the uptake of the cell's genome by a membrane organelle already present in the cell

Exam 18: Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Protein synthesis on the primordial Earth may have been catalyzed by ____ before the evolution of enzymes.

​The Precambrian began with an Earth that was too hot for life and had no oxygen during the ____ eon.

​Astrobiologists believe ____ is an essential component for life throughout our universe.

Four of the five answers below are traits that are signatures of a eukaryotic cell fossil. Select the exception.

Life probably never would have emerged if the ancient atmosphere had been the same as the present one, because ____ interferes with the assembly of simple organic compounds.

Earth bacteria are unable to withstand high temperatures and pressure.

The metabolic reactions that occur in all cells require a certain molecule, also believed to be present very early on Earth. What is this molecule?

Mitochondria most resemble ____.

Eukaryotic nuclei arose through ____.

The Science of Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts-Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Patterns in Inherited Traits

Human Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

The Protists

Plant Evolution

Fungi

Animals I: Major Invertebrate Groups

Animals Ii: the Chordates

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Effects on the Biosphere

Filters

The Precambrian began with an Earth that was too hot for life and had no oxygen during the ____ eon.

Astrobiologists believe ____ is an essential component for life throughout our universe.