Question 1

A researcher collects data from 12 people and calculates a Pearson correlation of r = .55. Assuming $\alpha$ = .05 (two-tailed), the researcher would make the decision to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  reject the null hypothesis (p  .05) 
D)  not reject the null hypothesis (p < .05) 
A)  reject the null hypothesis (p  .05) 
D)  not reject the null hypothesis (p < .05) C

Question 2

Which of these statistics BEST describes the relationship in this scatterplot?

Accepted Answer

A)  r = -1.00 
B)  r = .05 
C)  r = -.50 
D)  r = .45 
A)  r = -1.00 
B)  r = .05 
C)  r = -.50 
D)  r = .45 B

Question 3

The difference between correlational statistics and correlational research is that ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  correlational research allows the researcher to infer the cause-effect relationship 
B)  correlational research refers to the way data is analyzed 
C)  correlational statistics refers to the way the data is collected 
D)  correlational statistics refers to the way the data is analyzed 
A)  correlational research allows the researcher to infer the cause-effect relationship 
B)  correlational research refers to the way data is analyzed 
C)  correlational statistics refers to the way the data is collected 
D)  correlational statistics refers to the way the data is analyzed D

Question 4

A researcher wishing to correlate two variables collects data from 125 people. For $\alpha$= .05 (two-tailed), the critical values would be ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  ± .159 
B)  ± .195 
C)  ± .134 
D)  ± .164 
A)  ± .159 
B)  ± .195 
C)  ± .134 
D)  ± .164

Question 5

For which of these research situations would you MOST likely calculate a correlation coefficient?

Accepted Answer

A)  independent variable = blood type; dependent variable = political affiliation 
B)  independent variable = height; dependent variable = salary 
C)  independent variable = ethnicity; dependent variable = favorite food 
D)  independent variable = gender; dependent variable = type of car owned 
A)  independent variable = blood type; dependent variable = political affiliation 
B)  independent variable = height; dependent variable = salary 
C)  independent variable = ethnicity; dependent variable = favorite food 
D)  independent variable = gender; dependent variable = type of car owned

Question 6

An instructor finds the more often students ask for help in office hour visits, the greater the improvement in their performance across the semester. Which of the following correlations BEST reflects this relationship between asking for help and course performance?

Accepted Answer

A)  r = -1.00 
B)  r = .05 
C)  r = -.50 
D)  r = .45 
A)  r = -1.00 
B)  r = .05 
C)  r = -.50 
D)  r = .45

Question 7

A Pearson correlation of .00 is BEST represented by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  a normal curve 
B)  a skewed distribution 
C)  a circle 
D)  an ellipse (football shape) 
A)  a normal curve 
B)  a skewed distribution 
C)  a circle 
D)  an ellipse (football shape)

Question 8

Calculating the Pearson correlation involves calculating eight things: ΣX2, (ΣX)2, ΣY2, (ΣY)2, SSX, SSY, SPXY, and r. How many of these eight things can be a negative number?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 or more 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 or more

Question 9

For which of these research situations would you most likely calculate a correlation coefficient?

Accepted Answer

A)  IV = political affiliation; DV = type of automobile owned 
B)  IV = favorite type of fast food; DV = weight 
C)  IV = number of children in family; DV = money spent on food per week 
D)  IV = annual income; DV = gender 
A)  IV = political affiliation; DV = type of automobile owned 
B)  IV = favorite type of fast food; DV = weight 
C)  IV = number of children in family; DV = money spent on food per week 
D)  IV = annual income; DV = gender

Question 10

Which of these statistics BEST describes the relationship in this scatterplot?

Accepted Answer

A)  r = .50 
B)  r = -.50 
C)  r = -1.00 
D)  r = .00 
A)  r = .50 
B)  r = -.50 
C)  r = -1.00 
D)  r = .00

Question 11

A researcher wishing to correlate two variables collects data from 50 people. In this analysis, the degrees of freedom is equal to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  50 
B)  49 
C)  48 
D)  47 
A)  50 
B)  49 
C)  48 
D)  47

Question 12

You believe faculty members call on students sitting in the middle of their classes more often than students sitting either in the front of the class or the back of the class. This is an example of a ______ relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive 
B)  negative 
C)  linear 
D)  nonlinear 
A)  positive 
B)  negative 
C)  linear 
D)  nonlinear

Question 13

An instructor finds that, in general, the more other instructors use Powerpoint presentations and web sites, the less often students attend class. Which of the following correlations reflects this relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  r = .50 
B)  r = -.50 
C)  r = 1.00 
D)  r = -1.00 
A)  r = .50 
B)  r = -.50 
C)  r = 1.00 
D)  r = -1.00

Question 14

Which of these is NOT one of the three aspects of the relationship between variables discussed in class?

Accepted Answer

A)  direction 
B)  predictability 
C)  strength 
D)  nature 
A)  direction 
B)  predictability 
C)  strength 
D)  nature

Question 15

A researcher calculates a value of .15 for a Pearson correlation. You would BEST describe this relationship as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  weak positive 
B)  weak negative 
C)  strong positive 
D)  strong negative 
A)  weak positive 
B)  weak negative 
C)  strong positive 
D)  strong negative

Question 16

A researcher calculates a value of -.90 for a Pearson correlation. You would BEST describe this relationship as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  weak positive 
B)  weak negative 
C)  strong positive 
D)  strong negative 
A)  weak positive 
B)  weak negative 
C)  strong positive 
D)  strong negative

Question 17

In calculating the Pearson correlation (r), the ______ hypothesis implies ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  null; the relationship is not linear 
B)  alternative; the two population means are not equal 
C)  null; the means are all equal to each other 
D)  alternative; there is a relationship 
A)  null; the relationship is not linear 
B)  alternative; the two population means are not equal 
C)  null; the means are all equal to each other 
D)  alternative; there is a relationship

Question 18

In examining the relationship between variables, the question "Should I portray the relationship between variables with a line or a curve?" pertains PRIMARILY to the ______ of the relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)  direction 
B)  nature 
C)  strength 
D)  negativity 
A)  direction 
B)  nature 
C)  strength 
D)  negativity

Question 19

In calculating a Pearson correlation between two variables, you would examine the ______ to determine whether the relationship between the two variables is linear.

Accepted Answer

A)  value of the correlation 
B)  level of significance of the correlation 
C)  scatterplot 
D)  descriptive statistics 
A)  value of the correlation 
B)  level of significance of the correlation 
C)  scatterplot 
D)  descriptive statistics

Question 20

A researcher collects data from 25 people and calculates a Pearson correlation of r = .38. Assuming $\alpha$ = .05 (two-tailed), the researcher would make the decision to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  reject the null hypothesis (p  .05) 
D)  not reject the null hypothesis (p < .05) 
A)  reject the null hypothesis (p  .05) 
D)  not reject the null hypothesis (p < .05)

A researcher collects data from 12 people and calculates a Pearson correlation of r = .55. Assuming $\alpha$ = .05 (two-tailed), the researcher would make the decision to ______.

Which of these statistics BEST describes the relationship in this scatterplot?

The difference between correlational statistics and correlational research is that ______.

A researcher wishing to correlate two variables collects data from 125 people. For $\alpha$ = .05 (two-tailed), the critical values would be ______.

For which of these research situations would you MOST likely calculate a correlation coefficient?

An instructor finds the more often students ask for help in office hour visits, the greater the improvement in their performance across the semester. Which of the following correlations BEST reflects this relationship between asking for help and course performance?

A Pearson correlation of .00 is BEST represented by ______.

Calculating the Pearson correlation involves calculating eight things: ΣX², (ΣX)², ΣY², (ΣY)², SS_X, SS_Y, SP_XY, and r. How many of these eight things can be a negative number?

For which of these research situations would you most likely calculate a correlation coefficient?

Which of these statistics BEST describes the relationship in this scatterplot?

A researcher wishing to correlate two variables collects data from 50 people. In this analysis, the degrees of freedom is equal to ______.

You believe faculty members call on students sitting in the middle of their classes more often than students sitting either in the front of the class or the back of the class. This is an example of a ______ relationship.

An instructor finds that, in general, the more other instructors use Powerpoint presentations and web sites, the less often students attend class. Which of the following correlations reflects this relationship?

Which of these is NOT one of the three aspects of the relationship between variables discussed in class?

A researcher calculates a value of .15 for a Pearson correlation. You would BEST describe this relationship as ______.

A researcher calculates a value of -.90 for a Pearson correlation. You would BEST describe this relationship as ______.

In calculating the Pearson correlation (r), the hypothesis implies .

In examining the relationship between variables, the question "Should I portray the relationship between variables with a line or a curve?" pertains PRIMARILY to the ______ of the relationship.

In calculating a Pearson correlation between two variables, you would examine the ______ to determine whether the relationship between the two variables is linear.

A researcher collects data from 25 people and calculates a Pearson correlation of r = .38. Assuming $\alpha$ = .05 (two-tailed), the researcher would make the decision to ______.

Introduction to Statistics

Examining Data: Tables and Figures

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

Normal Distributions

Probability and Hypothesis Testing

Testing One Sample Mean

Estimating the Mean of a Population

Testing the Difference Between Two Means

Errors in Hypothesis Testing, Statistical Power, and Effect Size

One-Way Analysis of Variance Anova

Two-Way Analysis of Variance Anova

Linear Regression and Multiple Correlation

Chi-Square

Filters

Exam 13: Correlation

A researcher collects data from 12 people and calculates a Pearson correlation of r = .55. Assuming α\alphaα = .05 (two-tailed), the researcher would make the decision to ______.

Which of these statistics BEST describes the relationship in this scatterplot?

The difference between correlational statistics and correlational research is that ______.

A researcher wishing to correlate two variables collects data from 125 people. For α\alphaα = .05 (two-tailed), the critical values would be ______.

For which of these research situations would you MOST likely calculate a correlation coefficient?

An instructor finds the more often students ask for help in office hour visits, the greater the improvement in their performance across the semester. Which of the following correlations BEST reflects this relationship between asking for help and course performance?

A Pearson correlation of .00 is BEST represented by ______.

Calculating the Pearson correlation involves calculating eight things: ΣX2, (ΣX)2, ΣY2, (ΣY)2, SSX, SSY, SPXY, and r. How many of these eight things can be a negative number?

For which of these research situations would you most likely calculate a correlation coefficient?

Which of these statistics BEST describes the relationship in this scatterplot?

A researcher wishing to correlate two variables collects data from 50 people. In this analysis, the degrees of freedom is equal to ______.

You believe faculty members call on students sitting in the middle of their classes more often than students sitting either in the front of the class or the back of the class. This is an example of a ______ relationship.

An instructor finds that, in general, the more other instructors use Powerpoint presentations and web sites, the less often students attend class. Which of the following correlations reflects this relationship?

Which of these is NOT one of the three aspects of the relationship between variables discussed in class?

A researcher calculates a value of .15 for a Pearson correlation. You would BEST describe this relationship as ______.

A researcher calculates a value of -.90 for a Pearson correlation. You would BEST describe this relationship as ______.

In calculating the Pearson correlation (r), the ______ hypothesis implies ______.

In examining the relationship between variables, the question "Should I portray the relationship between variables with a line or a curve?" pertains PRIMARILY to the ______ of the relationship.

In calculating a Pearson correlation between two variables, you would examine the ______ to determine whether the relationship between the two variables is linear.

A researcher collects data from 25 people and calculates a Pearson correlation of r = .38. Assuming α\alphaα = .05 (two-tailed), the researcher would make the decision to ______.

Introduction to Statistics

Examining Data: Tables and Figures

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

Normal Distributions

Probability and Hypothesis Testing

Testing One Sample Mean

Estimating the Mean of a Population

Testing the Difference Between Two Means

Errors in Hypothesis Testing, Statistical Power, and Effect Size

One-Way Analysis of Variance Anova

Two-Way Analysis of Variance Anova

Linear Regression and Multiple Correlation

Chi-Square

Filters

A researcher collects data from 12 people and calculates a Pearson correlation of r = .55. Assuming $\alpha$ = .05 (two-tailed), the researcher would make the decision to ______.

A researcher wishing to correlate two variables collects data from 125 people. For $\alpha$ = .05 (two-tailed), the critical values would be ______.

Calculating the Pearson correlation involves calculating eight things: ΣX², (ΣX)², ΣY², (ΣY)², SS_X, SS_Y, SP_XY, and r. How many of these eight things can be a negative number?

In calculating the Pearson correlation (r), the hypothesis implies .

A researcher collects data from 25 people and calculates a Pearson correlation of r = .38. Assuming $\alpha$ = .05 (two-tailed), the researcher would make the decision to ______.