Exam 11: More About Correlational Studies

Hypothesized relationships are typically tested using correlational analyses such as ______.

Most of the research showing a link between smoking and long-term health in humans has involved ______ studies.

The ______ analyses allow predictions.

Whenever a strong relationship exists between variables, prediction of one variable from other variables ______.

A researcher would like to study the effects of smoking on respiratory functioning. There are two groups: participants who smoke one pack a day and participants who smoke two. This is a ______ study

Third-variable problem can decrease the internal validity of the study.

A researcher may conduct a correlational study with the ultimate goal of predicting one behavior from another behavior.

Explain why correlational studies do not provide the best test of a causal research question.

In a correlational study, the variable that is predicted by the predictor variable is called the ______ variable.

Suppose that a researcher found that as introversion (as measured on a standardized questionnaire) of participants goes up, number of social activities attended per week goes up. This finding represents ______.

A research question that asks about the presence of behavior, how frequently it is exhibited, or whether there is a relationship between different behaviors is a ______ research question.

When a variable that is not of interest in a study may explain the results of a study is a ______.

Most survey research involves a correlational study.

Manipulating a variable to test for a causal relationship often times is ______.

Correlational studies are not well-suited for answering ______ research questions.

A research question that asks if one behavior can be predicted from another behavior to allow predictions of future behavior is a ______ research question.

In many studies related to ______, correlational studies are the only options because we cannot subject someone to factors that may negatively harm them for ethical reasons.

Correlational studies never involve naturalistic observations or systematic observations.

The strong ______ correlations between age and incidence of Alzheimer's disease found in many studies seem to indicate a 50% likelihood of getting Alzheimer's disease by age 85.

Groups of subjects are not compared in a correlational study as they are in ______ experiments.