Question 1

Which of the following is an example of an underextension?

Accepted Answer

A) Rosie uses the word "car" for all wheeled objects. 
B) Ari uses the word "dog" to refer to all four-legged animals. 
C) Bonita only uses the word "kitty" to refer to her family's cat. 
D) Jessica uses the word "snowshoe" to refer to boots. 
A) Rosie uses the word "car" for all wheeled objects. 
B) Ari uses the word "dog" to refer to all four-legged animals. 
C) Bonita only uses the word "kitty" to refer to her family's cat. 
D) Jessica uses the word "snowshoe" to refer to boots.

Question 2

Compared with referential children,toddlers who use an expressive style

Accepted Answer

A) produce mainly words that refer to objects. 
B) produce many more social formulas and pronouns. 
C) often have an especially active interest in exploring objects. 
D) have a much larger vocabulary. 
A) produce mainly words that refer to objects. 
B) produce many more social formulas and pronouns. 
C) often have an especially active interest in exploring objects. 
D) have a much larger vocabulary.

Question 3

Processing several competing events simultaneously may be vital in cultures where children

Accepted Answer

A) spend large amounts of time playing with siblings and peers. 
B) learn largely through observation of others' ongoing activities. 
C) begin formal schooling during the toddler years. 
D) are largely responsible for the care of younger siblings. 
A) spend large amounts of time playing with siblings and peers. 
B) learn largely through observation of others' ongoing activities. 
C) begin formal schooling during the toddler years. 
D) are largely responsible for the care of younger siblings.

Question 4

In Piaget's theory,through the _________ circular reaction,babies try to repeat interesting events in the surrounding environment that are caused by their own actions.

Accepted Answer

A) goal-directed 
B) primary 
C) secondary 
D) tertiary 
A) goal-directed 
B) primary 
C) secondary 
D) tertiary

Question 5

In the violation-of-expectation method,__________ suggests that the infant is surprised by a deviation from physical reality.

Accepted Answer

A) heightened attention to an unexpected event 
B) habituation to an expected event 
C) habituation to an unexpected event 
D) heightened attention to an expected event 
A) heightened attention to an unexpected event 
B) habituation to an expected event 
C) habituation to an unexpected event 
D) heightened attention to an expected event

Question 6

_____________ and ___________ provide windows into early memory by showing that retention of visual events increases dramatically over infancy and toddlerhood.

Accepted Answer

A) Classical conditioning;accommodation 
B) Habituation;recall 
C) Operant conditioning;habituation 
D) Operant conditioning;recognition 
A) Classical conditioning;accommodation 
B) Habituation;recall 
C) Operant conditioning;habituation 
D) Operant conditioning;recognition

Question 7

Young toddlers add to their spoken vocabularies at a rate of

Accepted Answer

A) four to five words a day. 
B) one to three words per week. 
C) four to five words per week. 
D) one to three words per month. 
A) four to five words a day. 
B) one to three words per week. 
C) four to five words per week. 
D) one to three words per month.

Question 8

According to the information-processing framework,__________ make more complex forms of thinking possible with age.

Accepted Answer

A) changes in the basic structure of the mental system 
B) the capacity of the mental system and increases in the speed with which information can be processed 
C) goal-directed behaviors and environmental stimulation 
D) accommodation and assimilation during periods of rapid cognitive change 
A) changes in the basic structure of the mental system 
B) the capacity of the mental system and increases in the speed with which information can be processed 
C) goal-directed behaviors and environmental stimulation 
D) accommodation and assimilation during periods of rapid cognitive change

Question 9

Which of the following is supported by research on babbling?

Accepted Answer

A) Babies of different native languages differ widely in the range of early sounds that they produce. 
B) A deaf infant not exposed to sign language will stop babbling entirely. 
C) Deaf infants do not start babbling until much later than hearing infants. 
D) Deaf infants produce a range of early sounds similar to those of hearing infants. 
A) Babies of different native languages differ widely in the range of early sounds that they produce. 
B) A deaf infant not exposed to sign language will stop babbling entirely. 
C) Deaf infants do not start babbling until much later than hearing infants. 
D) Deaf infants produce a range of early sounds similar to those of hearing infants.

Question 10

Dr.Hahn believes that children are "prewired" to master the intricate rules of their language.Dr.Hahn endorses the ________ perspective of language development.

Accepted Answer

A) dynamic systems 
B) nativist 
C) behaviorist 
D) interactionist 
A) dynamic systems 
B) nativist 
C) behaviorist 
D) interactionist

Question 11

Child-directed speech and parent-child conversation

Accepted Answer

A) create a zone of proximal development in which children's language skills expand. 
B) contribute to infantile amnesia. 
C) have little impact on language development since language emerges spontaneously. 
D) foster referential communication. 
A) create a zone of proximal development in which children's language skills expand. 
B) contribute to infantile amnesia. 
C) have little impact on language development since language emerges spontaneously. 
D) foster referential communication.

Question 12

Describe Vygotsky's contribution to our understanding of early cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

According to Vygotsky's sociocultural th

Question 13

Unlike Piaget,who thought young babies constructed all mental representations out of sensorimotor activity,most researchers now believe that

Accepted Answer

A) infants are born with four core domains of thought. 
B) infants and toddlers are incapable of true mental representation. 
C) even newborns process information much like adults. 
D) infants have some built-in cognitive equipment for making sense of experience. 
A) infants are born with four core domains of thought. 
B) infants and toddlers are incapable of true mental representation. 
C) even newborns process information much like adults. 
D) infants have some built-in cognitive equipment for making sense of experience.

Question 14

In working memory,children actively apply ________ as they "work" on a limited amount of information.

Accepted Answer

A) the flow of information 
B) a permanent knowledge base 
C) sustained attention 
D) mental strategies 
A) the flow of information 
B) a permanent knowledge base 
C) sustained attention 
D) mental strategies

Question 15

Reinforcement and imitation are best viewed as _________ language development.

Accepted Answer

A) fully explaining 
B) supporting,rather than fully explaining, 
C) unrelated to 
D) detriments to early 
A) fully explaining 
B) supporting,rather than fully explaining, 
C) unrelated to 
D) detriments to early

Question 16

Which of the following is true about telegraphic speech?

Accepted Answer

A) It usually copies adult word pairings. 
B) It usually focuses on smaller,low-content words. 
C) It often violates grammatical rules. 
D) It emerges once the child has learned a dozen or so words. 
A) It usually copies adult word pairings. 
B) It usually focuses on smaller,low-content words. 
C) It often violates grammatical rules. 
D) It emerges once the child has learned a dozen or so words.

Question 17

Babies everywhere start babbling at about the same age,but for babbling to develop further,

Accepted Answer

A) babies must be able to produce intonation patterns. 
B) the speech must be in the babies' native language. 
C) it needs to be paired with rudimentary sign language. 
D) babies must be able to hear human speech. 
A) babies must be able to produce intonation patterns. 
B) the speech must be in the babies' native language. 
C) it needs to be paired with rudimentary sign language. 
D) babies must be able to hear human speech.

Question 18

Vygotsky believed that complex mental activities have their origin in

Accepted Answer

A) sensorimotor behavior. 
B) perception,attention,and memory. 
C) social interaction. 
D) developmental quotients. 
A) sensorimotor behavior. 
B) perception,attention,and memory. 
C) social interaction. 
D) developmental quotients.

Question 19

Two-year-old Laura dropped a block into her toy box.She then dropped a cup,a car,and a doll into the box,throwing some objects gently,while using more force with others.Laura's modification of her dropping scheme is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) equilibrium. 
B) organization. 
C) accommodation. 
D) assimilation. 
A) equilibrium. 
B) organization. 
C) accommodation. 
D) assimilation.

Question 20

Infants in Substage 4 of the sensorimotor period,who can better anticipate events,sometimes use __________ to try to change those events.

Accepted Answer

A) hit-or-miss actions 
B) their capacity for intentional behavior 
C) make-believe play 
D) tertiary circular reactions 
A) hit-or-miss actions 
B) their capacity for intentional behavior 
C) make-believe play 
D) tertiary circular reactions

Which of the following is an example of an underextension?

Compared with referential children,toddlers who use an expressive style

Processing several competing events simultaneously may be vital in cultures where children

In Piaget's theory,through the _________ circular reaction,babies try to repeat interesting events in the surrounding environment that are caused by their own actions.

In the violation-of-expectation method,__________ suggests that the infant is surprised by a deviation from physical reality.

___ and _ provide windows into early memory by showing that retention of visual events increases dramatically over infancy and toddlerhood.

Young toddlers add to their spoken vocabularies at a rate of

According to the information-processing framework,__________ make more complex forms of thinking possible with age.

Which of the following is supported by research on babbling?

Dr.Hahn believes that children are "prewired" to master the intricate rules of their language.Dr.Hahn endorses the ________ perspective of language development.

Child-directed speech and parent-child conversation

Describe Vygotsky's contribution to our understanding of early cognitive development.

Unlike Piaget,who thought young babies constructed all mental representations out of sensorimotor activity,most researchers now believe that

In working memory,children actively apply ________ as they "work" on a limited amount of information.

Reinforcement and imitation are best viewed as _________ language development.

Which of the following is true about telegraphic speech?

Babies everywhere start babbling at about the same age,but for babbling to develop further,

Vygotsky believed that complex mental activities have their origin in

Two-year-old Laura dropped a block into her toy box.She then dropped a cup,a car,and a doll into the box,throwing some objects gently,while using more force with others.Laura's modification of her dropping scheme is an example of

Infants in Substage 4 of the sensorimotor period,who can better anticipate events,sometimes use __________ to try to change those events.

History, theory, and Research Strategies

Biological and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, dying, and Bereavement

Filters

Exam 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Which of the following is an example of an underextension?

Compared with referential children,toddlers who use an expressive style

Processing several competing events simultaneously may be vital in cultures where children

In Piaget's theory,through the _________ circular reaction,babies try to repeat interesting events in the surrounding environment that are caused by their own actions.

In the violation-of-expectation method,__________ suggests that the infant is surprised by a deviation from physical reality.

_____________ and ___________ provide windows into early memory by showing that retention of visual events increases dramatically over infancy and toddlerhood.

Young toddlers add to their spoken vocabularies at a rate of

According to the information-processing framework,__________ make more complex forms of thinking possible with age.

Which of the following is supported by research on babbling?

Dr.Hahn believes that children are "prewired" to master the intricate rules of their language.Dr.Hahn endorses the ________ perspective of language development.

Child-directed speech and parent-child conversation

Describe Vygotsky's contribution to our understanding of early cognitive development.

Unlike Piaget,who thought young babies constructed all mental representations out of sensorimotor activity,most researchers now believe that

In working memory,children actively apply ________ as they "work" on a limited amount of information.

Reinforcement and imitation are best viewed as _________ language development.

Which of the following is true about telegraphic speech?

Babies everywhere start babbling at about the same age,but for babbling to develop further,

Vygotsky believed that complex mental activities have their origin in

Two-year-old Laura dropped a block into her toy box.She then dropped a cup,a car,and a doll into the box,throwing some objects gently,while using more force with others.Laura's modification of her dropping scheme is an example of

Infants in Substage 4 of the sensorimotor period,who can better anticipate events,sometimes use __________ to try to change those events.

History, theory, and Research Strategies

Biological and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, dying, and Bereavement

Filters

___ and _ provide windows into early memory by showing that retention of visual events increases dramatically over infancy and toddlerhood.