Question 1

The Big Five factors have shown in research to be related to

Accepted Answer

A)  better health and less stress. 
B)  superior problem-focused coping. 
C)  better-quality relationships. 
D)  All of these answers are correct. 
A)  better health and less stress. 
B)  superior problem-focused coping. 
C)  better-quality relationships. 
D)  All of these answers are correct.

Question 2

Curtis loves to garden, but his arthritis makes it difficult. Now he limits the plants he tends to those that do not require much maintenance. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a contradiction within the self. 
B)  optimization. 
C)  compensation. 
D)  selection. 
A)  a contradiction within the self. 
B)  optimization. 
C)  compensation. 
D)  selection.

Question 3

Which of the following is an enduring aspect of the self that includes a sense of membership in an ethnic group, along with the attitudes and feelings related to that membership?

Accepted Answer

A)  bicultural identity 
B)  identity diffusion 
C)  ethnic identity 
D)  identity foreclosure 
A)  bicultural identity 
B)  identity diffusion 
C)  ethnic identity 
D)  identity foreclosure

Question 4

In the Berkeley longitudinal studies, which of the following dimensions was considered the LEAST stable in adult personality development?

Accepted Answer

A)  degree of hostility 
B)  being intellectually oriented 
C)  openness to new experiences 
D)  self-confidence 
A)  degree of hostility 
B)  being intellectually oriented 
C)  openness to new experiences 
D)  self-confidence

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of how a 5-year-old child might perceive a friend in terms of psychological traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  My friend lives over there. 
B)  My friend has brown hair. 
C)  My friend is funny. 
D)  My friend is short. 
A)  My friend lives over there. 
B)  My friend has brown hair. 
C)  My friend is funny. 
D)  My friend is short.

Question 6

According to Marcia, _____ is defined as a period of identity development during which the individual is exploring alternatives.

Accepted Answer

A)  commitment 
B)  crisis 
C)  foreclosure 
D)  diffusion 
A)  commitment 
B)  crisis 
C)  foreclosure 
D)  diffusion

Question 7

The seventh stage of Erikson's life-span theory takes place during middle age and is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  intimacy versus isolation. 
B)  integrity versus despair. 
C)  generativity versus stagnation. 
D)  identity versus identity confusion. 
A)  intimacy versus isolation. 
B)  integrity versus despair. 
C)  generativity versus stagnation. 
D)  identity versus identity confusion.

Question 8

For positive identity development, a family atmosphere should promote

Accepted Answer

A)  individuality and reduce connectedness. 
B)  connectedness and reduce individuality. 
C)  both individuality and connectedness. 
D)  neither connectedness nor individuality. 
A)  individuality and reduce connectedness. 
B)  connectedness and reduce individuality. 
C)  both individuality and connectedness. 
D)  neither connectedness nor individuality.

Question 9

Stephanie has finished college and happily begun a career as a chemist. But her mother explains that few decisions are permanent, and that Stephanie may continue to reevaluate her choices and change careers several times during the course of her life. Stephanie's mother is describing

Accepted Answer

A)  identity foreclosure. 
B)  the "MAMA" cycle. 
C)  identity moratorium. 
D)  identity diffusion. 
A)  identity foreclosure. 
B)  the "MAMA" cycle. 
C)  identity moratorium. 
D)  identity diffusion.

Question 10

Which of the following is likely to improve a child's self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Find out what a child values and help develop skills and competence in this area. 
B)  Provide encouragement from both adults and peers. 
C)  Help a child confront a problem and try to cope with it. 
D)  All of these answers are correct. 
A)  Find out what a child values and help develop skills and competence in this area. 
B)  Provide encouragement from both adults and peers. 
C)  Help a child confront a problem and try to cope with it. 
D)  All of these answers are correct.

Question 11

When minority youth identify in some ways with their ethnic culture and in other ways with the majority culture, they are developing a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  identity moratorium. 
B)  ethnic individuality. 
C)  identity diffusion. 
D)  bicultural identity. 
A)  identity moratorium. 
B)  ethnic individuality. 
C)  identity diffusion. 
D)  bicultural identity.

Question 12

Paul Baltes and colleagues believe that successful aging by older adults involves

Accepted Answer

A)  a significant reduction in self-control and regulation. 
B)  producing new resources beyond their existing ones across all domains. 
C)  selection, optimization, and compensation. 
D)  attempts to regain ability losses and attain all life goals. 
A)  a significant reduction in self-control and regulation. 
B)  producing new resources beyond their existing ones across all domains. 
C)  selection, optimization, and compensation. 
D)  attempts to regain ability losses and attain all life goals.

Question 13

Costa and McCrae found in their longitudinal study a great deal of stability across adulthood years in the following which Big Five factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  openness and extraversion. 
B)  agreeableness and neuroticism. 
C)  conscientiousness. 
D)  All of these answers are correct. 
A)  openness and extraversion. 
B)  agreeableness and neuroticism. 
C)  conscientiousness. 
D)  All of these answers are correct.

Question 14

Self-esteem is linked to many different factors. It is important to remember that the research on self-esteem is not _____, but is largely _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental; correlational 
B)  correlational; experimental 
C)  stable; fluctuating 
D)  global; domain-specific 
A)  experimental; correlational 
B)  correlational; experimental 
C)  stable; fluctuating 
D)  global; domain-specific

Question 15

How do trait theories differ from Walter Mischel's idea of changes in personality?

Accepted Answer

Trait theories view personality as being

Question 16

Cross-cultural research shows which of the following about adolescents around the world?

Accepted Answer

A)  Almost three-fourths of the adolescents had a healthy self-image. 
B)  Almost three-fourths of the adolescents had an unhealthy self-image. 
C)  Less than half of the adolescents had a healthy self-image. 
D)  Almost three-fourths of the adolescents had unrealistically positive self-images. 
A)  Almost three-fourths of the adolescents had a healthy self-image. 
B)  Almost three-fourths of the adolescents had an unhealthy self-image. 
C)  Less than half of the adolescents had a healthy self-image. 
D)  Almost three-fourths of the adolescents had unrealistically positive self-images.

Question 17

Self-esteem refers to _____, while self-concept refers to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-worth; self-image 
B)  global self-evaluation; domain-specific evaluations 
C)  global self-evaluation; self-worth 
D)  domain-specific evaluations; global self-evaluation 
A)  self-worth; self-image 
B)  global self-evaluation; domain-specific evaluations 
C)  global self-evaluation; self-worth 
D)  domain-specific evaluations; global self-evaluation

Question 18

Beverly spends as much time with her grandchildren as she can. She wants them to remember the fun times they have shared when she passes. According to Erikson, Beverly is striving to achieve

Accepted Answer

A)  identity. 
B)  intimacy. 
C)  generativity. 
D)  stagnation. 
A)  identity. 
B)  intimacy. 
C)  generativity. 
D)  stagnation.

Question 19

Which of the following is the central aspect of an individual's personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  self 
B)  identity 
C)  perception 
D)  self-assessment 
A)  self 
B)  identity 
C)  perception 
D)  self-assessment

Question 20

According to Marcia, what three factors influence whether adolescents develop a positive identity?

Accepted Answer

1. Confidence in parental supp

The Big Five factors have shown in research to be related to

Curtis loves to garden, but his arthritis makes it difficult. Now he limits the plants he tends to those that do not require much maintenance. This is an example of

Which of the following is an enduring aspect of the self that includes a sense of membership in an ethnic group, along with the attitudes and feelings related to that membership?

In the Berkeley longitudinal studies, which of the following dimensions was considered the LEAST stable in adult personality development?

Which of the following is an example of how a 5-year-old child might perceive a friend in terms of psychological traits?

According to Marcia, _____ is defined as a period of identity development during which the individual is exploring alternatives.

The seventh stage of Erikson's life-span theory takes place during middle age and is termed

For positive identity development, a family atmosphere should promote

Stephanie has finished college and happily begun a career as a chemist. But her mother explains that few decisions are permanent, and that Stephanie may continue to reevaluate her choices and change careers several times during the course of her life. Stephanie's mother is describing

Which of the following is likely to improve a child's self-esteem?

When minority youth identify in some ways with their ethnic culture and in other ways with the majority culture, they are developing a(n)

Paul Baltes and colleagues believe that successful aging by older adults involves

Costa and McCrae found in their longitudinal study a great deal of stability across adulthood years in the following which Big Five factors?

Self-esteem is linked to many different factors. It is important to remember that the research on self-esteem is not _, but is largely _.

How do trait theories differ from Walter Mischel's idea of changes in personality?

Cross-cultural research shows which of the following about adolescents around the world?

Self-esteem refers to _, while self-concept refers to _.

Beverly spends as much time with her grandchildren as she can. She wants them to remember the fun times they have shared when she passes. According to Erikson, Beverly is striving to achieve

Which of the following is the central aspect of an individual's personality?

According to Marcia, what three factors influence whether adolescents develop a positive identity?

Introduction

Biological Beginnings

Physical Development and Biological Aging

Health

Motor, Sensory, and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Developmental Approaches

Information Processing

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development and Attachment

Gender and Sexuality

Moral Development, Values, and Religion

Families, Lifestyles, and Parenting

Peers and the Sociocultural World

Schools, Achievement, and Work

Death, Dying, and Grieving

Filters

Exam 11: The Self, Identity, and Personality

The Big Five factors have shown in research to be related to

Curtis loves to garden, but his arthritis makes it difficult. Now he limits the plants he tends to those that do not require much maintenance. This is an example of

Which of the following is an enduring aspect of the self that includes a sense of membership in an ethnic group, along with the attitudes and feelings related to that membership?

In the Berkeley longitudinal studies, which of the following dimensions was considered the LEAST stable in adult personality development?

Which of the following is an example of how a 5-year-old child might perceive a friend in terms of psychological traits?

According to Marcia, _____ is defined as a period of identity development during which the individual is exploring alternatives.

The seventh stage of Erikson's life-span theory takes place during middle age and is termed

For positive identity development, a family atmosphere should promote

Stephanie has finished college and happily begun a career as a chemist. But her mother explains that few decisions are permanent, and that Stephanie may continue to reevaluate her choices and change careers several times during the course of her life. Stephanie's mother is describing

Which of the following is likely to improve a child's self-esteem?

When minority youth identify in some ways with their ethnic culture and in other ways with the majority culture, they are developing a(n)

Paul Baltes and colleagues believe that successful aging by older adults involves

Costa and McCrae found in their longitudinal study a great deal of stability across adulthood years in the following which Big Five factors?

Self-esteem is linked to many different factors. It is important to remember that the research on self-esteem is not _____, but is largely _____.

How do trait theories differ from Walter Mischel's idea of changes in personality?

Cross-cultural research shows which of the following about adolescents around the world?

Self-esteem refers to _____, while self-concept refers to _____.

Beverly spends as much time with her grandchildren as she can. She wants them to remember the fun times they have shared when she passes. According to Erikson, Beverly is striving to achieve

Which of the following is the central aspect of an individual's personality?

According to Marcia, what three factors influence whether adolescents develop a positive identity?

Introduction

Biological Beginnings

Physical Development and Biological Aging

Health

Motor, Sensory, and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Developmental Approaches

Information Processing

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development and Attachment

Gender and Sexuality

Moral Development, Values, and Religion

Families, Lifestyles, and Parenting

Peers and the Sociocultural World

Schools, Achievement, and Work

Death, Dying, and Grieving

Filters

Self-esteem is linked to many different factors. It is important to remember that the research on self-esteem is not _, but is largely _.

Self-esteem refers to _, while self-concept refers to _.