Question 1

In light of the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction, what happens to a person who is deficient in dietary calcium?

Accepted Answer

Muscle weakness occurs due to

Question 2

The myofibrils of skeletal muscle are organized into units called:

Accepted Answer

A) the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B) sarcomeres. 
C) Z lines. 
D) exoskeletons. 
E) T tubules. 
A) the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B) sarcomeres. 
C) Z lines. 
D) exoskeletons. 
E) T tubules.

Question 3

Which of these muscle components is the smallest?

Accepted Answer

A) myofibril 
B) myosin filament 
C) sarcomere 
D) muscle fiber 
A) myofibril 
B) myosin filament 
C) sarcomere 
D) muscle fiber

Question 4

Which of the following increases bone strength?

Accepted Answer

A) dietary nitrogen supplements 
B) weightlifting exercises 
C) increasing the action potentials that directly stimulate bones 
D) increased osteoclast activity 
A) dietary nitrogen supplements 
B) weightlifting exercises 
C) increasing the action potentials that directly stimulate bones 
D) increased osteoclast activity

Question 5

The pectoral girdle is part of the axial skeleton. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

How does a muscle return to its extended condition after contracting?

Accepted Answer

It is pulled back to

Question 7

Smooth muscle in the human body includes the:

Accepted Answer

A) quadriceps (leg muscle). 
B) ventricles of the heart. 
C) muscles of the uterus. 
D) eye muscles. 
A) quadriceps (leg muscle). 
B) ventricles of the heart. 
C) muscles of the uterus. 
D) eye muscles.

Question 8

Earthworms and sea anemones move by the actions of circular and longitudinal muscles in the body wall, a system called a:

Accepted Answer

A) endoskeleton. 
B) hydrostatic skeleton. 
C) circular skeleton. 
D) longitudinal skeleton. 
A) endoskeleton. 
B) hydrostatic skeleton. 
C) circular skeleton. 
D) longitudinal skeleton.

Question 9

During embryonic development, the initial skeleton is made of ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During embryonic development, the initial skeleton is...

Question 10

In a hinge joint:

Accepted Answer

A) a flexor muscle moves the insertion toward the origin. 
B) an extensor muscle moves the origin toward the insertion. 
C) motion is accomplished when flexor and extensor muscles both contract. 
D) movement in three dimensions is possible. 
E) the flexor and the extensor must expand at the same time. 
A) a flexor muscle moves the insertion toward the origin. 
B) an extensor muscle moves the origin toward the insertion. 
C) motion is accomplished when flexor and extensor muscles both contract. 
D) movement in three dimensions is possible. 
E) the flexor and the extensor must expand at the same time.

Question 11

Describe the differences between fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscle fibers.

Accepted Answer

Slow-twitch muscles fibers do not contra

Question 12

Based on this figure, the ________ inserts into the humerus.

Accepted Answer

A) rectus abdominus 
B) quadriceps 
C) gastrocnemius 
D) coccyx 
E) deltoid 
A) rectus abdominus 
B) quadriceps 
C) gastrocnemius 
D) coccyx 
E) deltoid

Question 13

Cartilage contains:

Accepted Answer

A) actin. 
B) myosin. 
C) ligaments. 
D) glycoproteins. 
E) calcium and phosphate. 
A) actin. 
B) myosin. 
C) ligaments. 
D) glycoproteins. 
E) calcium and phosphate.

Question 14

The living cells of cartilage are called:

Accepted Answer

A) osteocytes. 
B) osteoclasts. 
C) osteoblasts. 
D) chondrocytes. 
A) osteocytes. 
B) osteoclasts. 
C) osteoblasts. 
D) chondrocytes.

Question 15

What happens to an astronaut who spends 2 months in space?

Accepted Answer

A) Bone density increases and muscle mass decreases. 
B) Bone density increases and muscle mass increases. 
C) Bone density decreases and muscle mass increases. 
D) Bone density decreases and muscle mass decreases. 
A) Bone density increases and muscle mass decreases. 
B) Bone density increases and muscle mass increases. 
C) Bone density decreases and muscle mass increases. 
D) Bone density decreases and muscle mass decreases.

Question 16

The thick filaments of a myofibril are composed of:

Accepted Answer

A) tendons. 
B) T tubules. 
C) actin. 
D) myosin. 
E) reticulum. 
A) tendons. 
B) T tubules. 
C) actin. 
D) myosin. 
E) reticulum.

Question 17

The term "motor unit" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) an entire skeletal muscle. 
B) all the motor neurons going to a skeletal muscle. 
C) all the skeletal muscles in one body part. 
D) all the muscle fibers with which one motor neuron synapses. 
E) a group of sarcomeres in a muscle fiber. 
A) an entire skeletal muscle. 
B) all the motor neurons going to a skeletal muscle. 
C) all the skeletal muscles in one body part. 
D) all the muscle fibers with which one motor neuron synapses. 
E) a group of sarcomeres in a muscle fiber.

Question 18

Protein discs that connect sarcomeres are called:

Accepted Answer

A) T tubules. 
B) Z lines. 
C) actin. 
D) myofilaments. 
A) T tubules. 
B) Z lines. 
C) actin. 
D) myofilaments.

Question 19

Which of the following human muscles have the largest motor units?

Accepted Answer

A) facial muscles 
B) leg muscles 
C) abdominal muscles 
D) muscles in the hand 
A) facial muscles 
B) leg muscles 
C) abdominal muscles 
D) muscles in the hand

Question 20

An action potential travels into the muscle fiber interior by passing down the:

Accepted Answer

A) sarcomere. 
B) T tubules. 
C) myofilaments. 
D) actin and myosin. 
A) sarcomere. 
B) T tubules. 
C) myofilaments. 
D) actin and myosin.

Exam 40: Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

In light of the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction, what happens to a person who is deficient in dietary calcium?

The myofibrils of skeletal muscle are organized into units called:

Which of these muscle components is the smallest?

Which of the following increases bone strength?

The pectoral girdle is part of the axial skeleton. True or False?

How does a muscle return to its extended condition after contracting?

Smooth muscle in the human body includes the:

Earthworms and sea anemones move by the actions of circular and longitudinal muscles in the body wall, a system called a:

During embryonic development, the initial skeleton is made of ________.

In a hinge joint:

Describe the differences between fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscle fibers.

Based on this figure, the ________ inserts into the humerus.

Cartilage contains:

The living cells of cartilage are called:

What happens to an astronaut who spends 2 months in space?

The thick filaments of a myofibril are composed of:

The term "motor unit" refers to:

Protein discs that connect sarcomeres are called:

Which of the following human muscles have the largest motor units?

An action potential travels into the muscle fiber interior by passing down the:

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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