Question 1

Permafrost is associated with which of these biomes?

Accepted Answer

A) littoral 
B) tundra 
C) taiga 
D) temperate deciduous forest 
E) northern coniferous forest 
A) littoral 
B) tundra 
C) taiga 
D) temperate deciduous forest 
E) northern coniferous forest

Question 2

Explain, in ecological terms, why cattle ranchers and conservationists have battled one another over cattle-grazing practices in the western shortgrass prairie biome of the American West. How has grazing changed the habitat?

Accepted Answer

Overgrazing of grasses by cattle has alt

Question 3

The Atlantic cod population off the coast of the northeastern United States and eastern Canada decreased dramatically during the 1900s due to overfishing. What conservation measure, presently being applied, is most likely to help this fish population recover?

Accepted Answer

A) putting a bounty on sharks and tuna in the area that would otherwise eat the cod 
B) establishing marine reserves in the area that prohibit fishing until stocks recover 
C) fertilizing the ocean with raw sewage to cause eutrophication, thus increasing productivity 
D) encouraging selective fishing on haddock, turbot, and other species that compete with cod for food 
E) spreading silt in the water to reduce UV radiation damage to sensitive cod eggs 
A) putting a bounty on sharks and tuna in the area that would otherwise eat the cod 
B) establishing marine reserves in the area that prohibit fishing until stocks recover 
C) fertilizing the ocean with raw sewage to cause eutrophication, thus increasing productivity 
D) encouraging selective fishing on haddock, turbot, and other species that compete with cod for food 
E) spreading silt in the water to reduce UV radiation damage to sensitive cod eggs

Question 4

Overgrazing, overharvesting of trees, and depletion of groundwater can lead to desertification. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In freshwater lakes, the ________ zone lacks enough light for photosynthetic organisms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In freshwater lakes, the ________ zone lacks...

Question 6

Describe the spatial patterns of light and nutrients in a lake, and explain why these patterns exist.

Accepted Answer

Light decreases rapidly from the surface

Question 7

A ________ is a circular ocean current caused by the presence of continents.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ________ is a circular ocean current...

Question 8

Western Oregon generally has cooler summer temperatures and warmer winter temperatures than do same-latitude states that are inland; similarly, Cape Cod (a coastal peninsula southeast of Boston)generally has a more moderate climate than interior Massachusetts does. Why?

Accepted Answer

Coastal areas tend to have less variable

Question 9

Plant life in the different biomes is limited by the amount of sunlight. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

________ are flat lands surrounding rivers that are covered with nutrient-rich sediments when water overflows the banks.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ are flat lands surrounding rivers that...

Question 11

Estuaries have very low productivity and biodiversity. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Throughout history, some of the best farmland has been the flat areas along rivers. Why?

Accepted Answer

These floodplain areas receive

Question 13

The vast treeless region near the Arctic Ocean is the:

Accepted Answer

A) savanna. 
B) tundra. 
C) taiga. 
D) permafrost. 
E) grassland. 
A) savanna. 
B) tundra. 
C) taiga. 
D) permafrost. 
E) grassland.

Question 14

One of the most popular hikes in Rocky Mountain National Park is the tundra trail. What effects would you expect from hundreds of people walking on this trail every day during the season?

Accepted Answer

Because the plants are so smal

Question 15

Incoming sunlight is modified by Earth's atmosphere; for example, the ozone layer absorbs much of the sun's:

Accepted Answer

A) high-energy UV radiation. 
B) low-energy UV radiation. 
C) high-energy IR radiation. 
D) low-energy IR radiation. 
E) visible light. 
A) high-energy UV radiation. 
B) low-energy UV radiation. 
C) high-energy IR radiation. 
D) low-energy IR radiation. 
E) visible light.

Question 16

Plants with reduced leaves and thick stems that store water are more likely to be found growing in a rain shadow. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

For centuries before Europeans arrived on the North American continent, Native Americans prevented the encroachment of forests farther west and maintained the tallgrass prairies throughout the area that now includes Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois by:

Accepted Answer

A) clear-cutting the forests for timber and fuel. 
B) establishing an extensive irrigation system to increase soil moisture, thus favoring grasses. 
C) plowing much of the land for agriculture. 
D) restricting the migrations of bison, which caused them to browse heavily on tree seedlings and thus killed them. 
E) setting fires periodically to kill the trees. 
A) clear-cutting the forests for timber and fuel. 
B) establishing an extensive irrigation system to increase soil moisture, thus favoring grasses. 
C) plowing much of the land for agriculture. 
D) restricting the migrations of bison, which caused them to browse heavily on tree seedlings and thus killed them. 
E) setting fires periodically to kill the trees.

Question 18

Which biome is rapidly expanding into the African Sahel?

Accepted Answer

A) tropical rain forest 
B) tropical deciduous forest 
C) savanna 
D) desert 
E) chaparral 
A) tropical rain forest 
B) tropical deciduous forest 
C) savanna 
D) desert 
E) chaparral

Question 19

Channeling rivers improves their productivity and decreases erosion. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In the fall, the trees in a temperate deciduous forest lose their leaves primarily as an adaptation to:

Accepted Answer

A) changing light. 
B) cooler temperatures. 
C) lack of accessible nutrients. 
D) excess rainfall. 
E) lack of available water. 
A) changing light. 
B) cooler temperatures. 
C) lack of accessible nutrients. 
D) excess rainfall. 
E) lack of available water.

Exam 29: Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Permafrost is associated with which of these biomes?

Explain, in ecological terms, why cattle ranchers and conservationists have battled one another over cattle-grazing practices in the western shortgrass prairie biome of the American West. How has grazing changed the habitat?

The Atlantic cod population off the coast of the northeastern United States and eastern Canada decreased dramatically during the 1900s due to overfishing. What conservation measure, presently being applied, is most likely to help this fish population recover?

Overgrazing, overharvesting of trees, and depletion of groundwater can lead to desertification. True or False?

In freshwater lakes, the ________ zone lacks enough light for photosynthetic organisms.

Describe the spatial patterns of light and nutrients in a lake, and explain why these patterns exist.

A ________ is a circular ocean current caused by the presence of continents.

Western Oregon generally has cooler summer temperatures and warmer winter temperatures than do same-latitude states that are inland; similarly, Cape Cod (a coastal peninsula southeast of Boston)generally has a more moderate climate than interior Massachusetts does. Why?

Plant life in the different biomes is limited by the amount of sunlight. True or False?

________ are flat lands surrounding rivers that are covered with nutrient-rich sediments when water overflows the banks.

Estuaries have very low productivity and biodiversity. True or False?

Throughout history, some of the best farmland has been the flat areas along rivers. Why?

The vast treeless region near the Arctic Ocean is the:

One of the most popular hikes in Rocky Mountain National Park is the tundra trail. What effects would you expect from hundreds of people walking on this trail every day during the season?

Incoming sunlight is modified by Earth's atmosphere; for example, the ozone layer absorbs much of the sun's:

Plants with reduced leaves and thick stems that store water are more likely to be found growing in a rain shadow. True or False?

For centuries before Europeans arrived on the North American continent, Native Americans prevented the encroachment of forests farther west and maintained the tallgrass prairies throughout the area that now includes Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois by:

Which biome is rapidly expanding into the African Sahel?

Channeling rivers improves their productivity and decreases erosion. True or False?

In the fall, the trees in a temperate deciduous forest lose their leaves primarily as an adaptation to:

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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