Question 1

The atoms that make up the molecules in our bodies:

Accepted Answer

A) cannot be rearranged to make different molecules under any circumstances. 
B) have nearly all been on Earth throughout its entire history. 
C) traveled to Earth as electromagnetic waves. 
D) were all formed recently by nuclear fusion on the sun. 
E) will be lost back to space soon after we die. 
A) cannot be rearranged to make different molecules under any circumstances. 
B) have nearly all been on Earth throughout its entire history. 
C) traveled to Earth as electromagnetic waves. 
D) were all formed recently by nuclear fusion on the sun. 
E) will be lost back to space soon after we die.

Question 2

List and discuss three effects of acid rain or acid deposition on forests.

Accepted Answer

Possible answers: Acid rain (1)leaches e

Question 3

The primary consumers in marine food chains are zooplankton. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Each summer a large "dead zone" devoid of fish and other animals develops where the Mississippi River flows into the Gulf of Mexico. What causes this?

Accepted Answer

A) Acid rain makes the gulf's water too acidic to support fish. 
B) Global warming is making the river water too hot for the fish to tolerate. 
C) There are high levels of mercury in the river water. 
D) High levels of pesticides are used in the Mississippi River basin. 
E) Large quantities of fertilizer run off from midwestern farm fields into the Mississippi River. 
A) Acid rain makes the gulf's water too acidic to support fish. 
B) Global warming is making the river water too hot for the fish to tolerate. 
C) There are high levels of mercury in the river water. 
D) High levels of pesticides are used in the Mississippi River basin. 
E) Large quantities of fertilizer run off from midwestern farm fields into the Mississippi River.

Question 5

The global phosphorus cycle is called a "cycle," yet it has no atmospheric component. Phosphorus weathers from rocks and enters the soil. Once phosphorus is incorporated into plants or animals, how is it returned to the rock phase?

Accepted Answer

Decomposers turn the phosphorus that rem

Question 6

What are the sources of sulfur in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) natural and human sources, in equal amounts 
B) volcanoes and hot springs, but mostly (about 75%)human activities such as burning coal 
C) mostly (over 90%)volcanoes and photosynthetic bacteria 
D) mostly transportation modes, such as autos, trucks, and planes 
E) decomposition and small amounts from pollution 
A) natural and human sources, in equal amounts 
B) volcanoes and hot springs, but mostly (about 75%)human activities such as burning coal 
C) mostly (over 90%)volcanoes and photosynthetic bacteria 
D) mostly transportation modes, such as autos, trucks, and planes 
E) decomposition and small amounts from pollution

Question 7

The photosynthetic bacteria that form the basis of the food chain in Great Salt Lake are classified as:

Accepted Answer

A) omnivores. 
B) primary producers. 
C) herbivores. 
D) secondary consumers. 
E) carnivores. 
A) omnivores. 
B) primary producers. 
C) herbivores. 
D) secondary consumers. 
E) carnivores.

Question 8

The level of environmental toxins like DDT decreases as you move into the higher trophic levels. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases cause Earth's temperature to increase by:

Accepted Answer

A) allowing greater transmission of incoming solar radiation. 
B) absorbing heat energy and holding it close to Earth. 
C) increasing plant respiration. 
D) reducing photosynthetic rates. 
E) increasing the amount of radiation from Earth's surface. 
A) allowing greater transmission of incoming solar radiation. 
B) absorbing heat energy and holding it close to Earth. 
C) increasing plant respiration. 
D) reducing photosynthetic rates. 
E) increasing the amount of radiation from Earth's surface.

Question 10

The major reservoir in the nitrogen cycle is the water. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In an attempt to become more environmentally conscious, a woman changes her lifestyle. She begins to grow the majority of her own food in her yard without using pesticides or synthetic fertilizers, she walks rather than taking the car for trips shorter than 5 kilometers, and she uses solar and wind for her power. By taking these actions, she is:

Accepted Answer

A) increasing her nitrogen cycling. 
B) decreasing her carbon footprint. 
C) increasing her greenhouse gas output. 
D) increasing her intake of bioaccumulated compounds. 
E) increasing the number of endocrine disruptors she is exposed to. 
A) increasing her nitrogen cycling. 
B) decreasing her carbon footprint. 
C) increasing her greenhouse gas output. 
D) increasing her intake of bioaccumulated compounds. 
E) increasing the number of endocrine disruptors she is exposed to.

Question 12

The present range of the sugar maple in North America extends from the Atlantic Ocean west to the Mississippi River and from southern Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick south to Tennessee and Virginia. If the global temperature rises 10°C in the future, where will those same climatic conditions be found?

Accepted Answer

A) farther north 
B) farther south 
C) farther west 
D) in the same place; global warming will not affect the location of climatic regions 
E) nowhere; those conditions will not occur anywhere on the continent 
A) farther north 
B) farther south 
C) farther west 
D) in the same place; global warming will not affect the location of climatic regions 
E) nowhere; those conditions will not occur anywhere on the continent

Question 13

What is meant by the term "trophic level"?

Accepted Answer

A trophic level is a

Question 14

This graph, based on IPCC estimates, predicts that global temperatures may rise as much as ________ above the average baseline by 2100.

Accepted Answer

A) 1°C 
B) nearly 2°C 
C) 2)5°C 
D) 3°C 
E) nearly 4°C 
A) 1°C 
B) nearly 2°C 
C) 2)5°C 
D) 3°C 
E) nearly 4°C

Question 15

Net primary production is:

Accepted Answer

A) energy that photosynthetic organisms make available to other organisms over a given period of time. 
B) energy stored by secondary consumers from primary biomass. 
C) energy made by autotrophs minus energy consumed by heterotrophs, and measured as biomass. 
D) heterotrophic production per unit of land per unit of time. 
E) heterotrophic production minus autotrophic production per unit of land per unit of time. 
A) energy that photosynthetic organisms make available to other organisms over a given period of time. 
B) energy stored by secondary consumers from primary biomass. 
C) energy made by autotrophs minus energy consumed by heterotrophs, and measured as biomass. 
D) heterotrophic production per unit of land per unit of time. 
E) heterotrophic production minus autotrophic production per unit of land per unit of time.

Question 16

Grasses and phytoplankton are ________.

Accepted Answer

producers,

Question 17

Which trophic level has the least bioaccumulation?

Accepted Answer

A) heterotrophs 
B) primary producers 
C) secondary consumers 
D) primary consumers 
E) tertiary consumers 
A) heterotrophs 
B) primary producers 
C) secondary consumers 
D) primary consumers 
E) tertiary consumers

Question 18

Plants absorb small amounts of carbon from the soil in the form of simple sugars or monosaccharides. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

If a field contains approximately 1,000 kilocalories of energy in grass, which is eaten by crickets, which are eaten by birds, then approximately how many kilocalories of energy could be in the birds that live in this field?

Accepted Answer

A) 1,000 
B) 900 
C) 100 
D) 90 
E) 10 
A) 1,000 
B) 900 
C) 100 
D) 90 
E) 10

Question 20

Chemicals that mimic the effect of reproductive hormones are:

Accepted Answer

A) macronutrients. 
B) biodegradable. 
C) micronutrients. 
D) detritus. 
E) endocrine disruptors. 
A) macronutrients. 
B) biodegradable. 
C) micronutrients. 
D) detritus. 
E) endocrine disruptors.

Exam 28: How Do Ecosystems Work

The atoms that make up the molecules in our bodies:

List and discuss three effects of acid rain or acid deposition on forests.

The primary consumers in marine food chains are zooplankton. True or False?

Each summer a large "dead zone" devoid of fish and other animals develops where the Mississippi River flows into the Gulf of Mexico. What causes this?

The global phosphorus cycle is called a "cycle," yet it has no atmospheric component. Phosphorus weathers from rocks and enters the soil. Once phosphorus is incorporated into plants or animals, how is it returned to the rock phase?

What are the sources of sulfur in the atmosphere?

The photosynthetic bacteria that form the basis of the food chain in Great Salt Lake are classified as:

The level of environmental toxins like DDT decreases as you move into the higher trophic levels. True or False?

Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases cause Earth's temperature to increase by:

The major reservoir in the nitrogen cycle is the water. True or False?

What is meant by the term "trophic level"?

This graph, based on IPCC estimates, predicts that global temperatures may rise as much as ________ above the average baseline by 2100.

Net primary production is:

Grasses and phytoplankton are ________.

Which trophic level has the least bioaccumulation?

Plants absorb small amounts of carbon from the soil in the form of simple sugars or monosaccharides. True or False?

If a field contains approximately 1,000 kilocalories of energy in grass, which is eaten by crickets, which are eaten by birds, then approximately how many kilocalories of energy could be in the birds that live in this field?

Chemicals that mimic the effect of reproductive hormones are:

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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