Exam 16: The Origin of Species

The Kaibab squirrel lives on the north side of the Grand Canyon, and the Abert squirrel lives on the south side. Even though these two populations are only miles apart, their gene pools are kept isolated by:

Two sisters from the middle of the United States move. One loves snow and moves north to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The other moves south to the warm Gulf Coast. Each takes seeds from a variety of poppy that has been in the family for generations. Ten years later, the plants have changed. Those in the north are stocky, have reddish-purple flowers, and bloom within a month of planting. Those in the south have become tall, have single pink flowers, and bloom several months after planting. What has most likely happened?

Overspecialized adaptations:

Two populations of flowers found in the same meadow look identical but are pollinated by different pollinatorsone by a night-flying hummingbird moth, the other by honeybees that fly by day. This is an example of:

Premating isolation mechanisms occur when two species have different and incompatible mating behaviors. True or False?

Two different species of pine release their pollen at different times. This is an example of:

Mechanisms that prevent matings between species are called ________ isolating mechanisms.

Which of the following is the most prevalent immediate cause of extinction?

The parasitic Rhagoletis flies that show a preference for either hawthorn or apple trees and are no longer interbreeding populations illustrate what type of speciation?

The organisms most likely to undergo sympatric speciation by polyploidy are:

Temporal isolation is an example of:

Fruit fly species all look similar to one another. If you have a male and a female fruit fly, how can you prove that they are the same species, according to the biological species concept?

Einkorn (Triticum boeoticum)is an ancient grain with a diploid number of 14 (2n = 14). Durum (Triticum turgidum)appeared later. Durum grains are larger and the plant is hardier. It has twice the genetic material (2n = 28)but contains basically the same chromosomes. Can you theorize how durum evolved?

Before the modern era of science, organisms were assigned to species on the basis of:

A group of interbreeding natural populations that is reproductively isolated from other such groups is a:

Crossing a zebra with a horse produces sterile offspring. This is an example of:

Which statement BEST describes how overspecialization can affect a species?

One species of fish feeds in the muddy bottom of a lake. A second species eats insects that land on the water surface. This is an example of:

How do premating isolation mechanisms differ from postmating isolation mechanisms?

A pet store puts both Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus)and black rats (Rattus rattus)in the same cage. If mating occurs, the pregnancy will not succeed because the embryos fail to develop properly. This is an example of: