Question 1

The bright coloration of male birds is often the result of:

Accepted Answer

A) gene flow. 
B) genetic drift. 
C) sexual selection. 
D) stabilizing selection. 
E) coevolution. 
A) gene flow. 
B) genetic drift. 
C) sexual selection. 
D) stabilizing selection. 
E) coevolution.

Question 2

Populations of organisms are constantly evolving, which means they are always:

Accepted Answer

A) improving. 
B) at equilibrium. 
C) becoming more like humans. 
D) getting bigger. 
E) changing. 
A) improving. 
B) at equilibrium. 
C) becoming more like humans. 
D) getting bigger. 
E) changing.

Question 3

Imagine that two men and two women settle on an uninhabited island, no new settlers arrive, and nobody leaves the island for many generations. All four of the settlers have brown eyes, but one of the men carries a recessive gene for blue eyes. Eye color has no effect on fitness. If the percentage of blue-eyed individuals on the island increases from 0% to 25%, what is the probable cause?

Accepted Answer

A) artificial selection 
B) natural selection 
C) random mutation 
D) genetic drift 
A) artificial selection 
B) natural selection 
C) random mutation 
D) genetic drift

Question 4

Evolution occurs in ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evolution occurs in ________....

Question 5

Inbreeding is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A) reproduction among unrelated individuals. 
B) reproduction within a geographically isolated population. 
C) sexual reproduction in a large population. 
D) sexual reproduction among closely related individuals. 
E) sexual population among unrelated individuals. 
A) reproduction among unrelated individuals. 
B) reproduction within a geographically isolated population. 
C) sexual reproduction in a large population. 
D) sexual reproduction among closely related individuals. 
E) sexual population among unrelated individuals.

Question 6

How does the founder effect influence the frequency of alleles in a population?

Accepted Answer

The alleles carried by the founding popu

Question 7

The change in one population due to a change in another population is called:

Accepted Answer

A) coevolution. 
B) assortative evolution. 
C) genetic drift. 
D) random mutation. 
E) fitness. 
A) coevolution. 
B) assortative evolution. 
C) genetic drift. 
D) random mutation. 
E) fitness.

Question 8

Imagine that a population of hummingbirds with an intermediate beak size develops longer beaks over time. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) directional selection. 
B) stabilizing selection. 
C) disruptive selection. 
D) sexual selection. 
E) genetic drift. 
A) directional selection. 
B) stabilizing selection. 
C) disruptive selection. 
D) sexual selection. 
E) genetic drift.

Question 9

Which of the following mutations would increase evolutionary fitness?

Accepted Answer

A) one that increases the life span of the organism 
B) one that increases the birth weight of offspring while decreasing their number 
C) one that increases the frequency of successful reproduction 
D) one that attracts more potential mates without increasing the frequency of reproduction 
E) one that removes other alleles from the population 
A) one that increases the life span of the organism 
B) one that increases the birth weight of offspring while decreasing their number 
C) one that increases the frequency of successful reproduction 
D) one that attracts more potential mates without increasing the frequency of reproduction 
E) one that removes other alleles from the population

Question 10

A population carries two alleles for a trait in which T is dominant and t is recessive. In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, p2 represents:

Accepted Answer

A) the proportion of homozygous dominant individuals. 
B) the decrease in heterozygous individuals. 
C) the proportion of homozygous recessive individuals. 
D) the increase in homozygous individuals. 
E) the proportion of heterozygous individuals. 
A) the proportion of homozygous dominant individuals. 
B) the decrease in heterozygous individuals. 
C) the proportion of homozygous recessive individuals. 
D) the increase in homozygous individuals. 
E) the proportion of heterozygous individuals.

Question 11

What conditions are necessary for a population to be at equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

There can be no mutations, no

Question 12

When one species evolves a new phenotypic feature and another species evolves new adaptations in response, it is called:

Accepted Answer

A) gene flow. 
B) genetic drift. 
C) sexual selection. 
D) stabilizing selection. 
E) coevolution. 
A) gene flow. 
B) genetic drift. 
C) sexual selection. 
D) stabilizing selection. 
E) coevolution.

Question 13

Natural selection selects for or against certain:

Accepted Answer

A) genotypes. 
B) phenotypes. 
C) gene pools. 
D) populations. 
E) alleles. 
A) genotypes. 
B) phenotypes. 
C) gene pools. 
D) populations. 
E) alleles.

Question 14

Individuals who have one dominant allele and one recessive allele for a trait are referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Individuals who have one dominant allele and...

Question 15

A new predator is introduced to an area that can feed on any millipedes shorter than 200 millimeters. No millipedes that live in that area are longer than 15 millimeters. What will happen?

Accepted Answer

A) All millipedes will be potential prey. 
B) The millipedes will necessarily mutate to be longer. 
C) Millipedes will necessarily evolve to avoid the predator. 
D) Disruptive selection will favor 15-millimeter-long millipedes. 
E) Directional selection will favor predators that consume the smallest millipedes. 
A) All millipedes will be potential prey. 
B) The millipedes will necessarily mutate to be longer. 
C) Millipedes will necessarily evolve to avoid the predator. 
D) Disruptive selection will favor 15-millimeter-long millipedes. 
E) Directional selection will favor predators that consume the smallest millipedes.

Question 16

-In the population shown in the figure, what is the most frequent allele?

Accepted Answer

The answer of  
-In the population shown in the...

Question 17

Genetic drift is more common in large populations than in small populations. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following can be measured to estimate an organism's evolutionary fitness?

Accepted Answer

A) the number of offspring it produces over its lifetime that survive to breed 
B) the number of offspring it produces over its lifetime 
C) the number of eggs it produces over its lifetime 
D) the size of its offspring 
E) the number of gametes it produces over its lifetime 
A) the number of offspring it produces over its lifetime that survive to breed 
B) the number of offspring it produces over its lifetime 
C) the number of eggs it produces over its lifetime 
D) the size of its offspring 
E) the number of gametes it produces over its lifetime

Question 19

In general, each species of fruit fly in the Hawaiian archipelago is restricted to a single island. One hypothesis to explain this pattern is that new species formed after a small number of flies colonized each new island. This mechanism is called:

Accepted Answer

A) sexual selection. 
B) genetic equilibrium. 
C) artificial selection. 
D) the founder effect. 
E) assortative mating. 
A) sexual selection. 
B) genetic equilibrium. 
C) artificial selection. 
D) the founder effect. 
E) assortative mating.

Question 20

The nonliving components of an environment, such as weather and water availability, are:

Accepted Answer

A) biotic components. 
B) abiotic components. 
C) genotypes. 
D) phenotypes. 
E) alleles. 
A) biotic components. 
B) abiotic components. 
C) genotypes. 
D) phenotypes. 
E) alleles.

Exam 15: How Populations Evolve

The bright coloration of male birds is often the result of:

Populations of organisms are constantly evolving, which means they are always:

Evolution occurs in ________.

Inbreeding is defined as:

How does the founder effect influence the frequency of alleles in a population?

The change in one population due to a change in another population is called:

Imagine that a population of hummingbirds with an intermediate beak size develops longer beaks over time. This is an example of:

Which of the following mutations would increase evolutionary fitness?

A population carries two alleles for a trait in which T is dominant and t is recessive. In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, p2 represents:

What conditions are necessary for a population to be at equilibrium?

When one species evolves a new phenotypic feature and another species evolves new adaptations in response, it is called:

Natural selection selects for or against certain:

Individuals who have one dominant allele and one recessive allele for a trait are referred to as ________.

A new predator is introduced to an area that can feed on any millipedes shorter than 200 millimeters. No millipedes that live in that area are longer than 15 millimeters. What will happen?

-In the population shown in the figure, what is the most frequent allele?

Genetic drift is more common in large populations than in small populations. True or False?

Which of the following can be measured to estimate an organism's evolutionary fitness?

In general, each species of fruit fly in the Hawaiian archipelago is restricted to a single island. One hypothesis to explain this pattern is that new species formed after a small number of flies colonized each new island. This mechanism is called:

The nonliving components of an environment, such as weather and water availability, are:

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters