Question 1

When genes are linked, a few of the recombinant genotypes still occur in the offspring because of:

Accepted Answer

A) mutation. 
B) linkage. 
C) crossing over. 
D) natural selection. 
E) independent assortment. 
A) mutation. 
B) linkage. 
C) crossing over. 
D) natural selection. 
E) independent assortment.

Question 2

When alleles move into different gametes, this demonstrates:

Accepted Answer

A) dominance. 
B) independent assortment. 
C) fertilization. 
D) crossing over. 
E) segregation. 
A) dominance. 
B) independent assortment. 
C) fertilization. 
D) crossing over. 
E) segregation.

Question 3

Imagine that smurfs live in widely separated groups and rarely interbreed, so geneticists know very little about them. On one occasion, two smurfs from different groups did mate. A big-footed, white smurf mated with a small-footed, blue smurf. Three offspring resulted: one big-footed and blue and two small-footed and blue. Which statement about the inheritance of color in smurfs is most likely to be correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Blue is dominant to white. 
B) White is dominant to blue. 
C) White and blue are codominant. 
A) Blue is dominant to white. 
B) White is dominant to blue. 
C) White and blue are codominant.

Question 4

The human genome contains 46 chromosomes. There are 22 pairs of ________ (type of chromosome)and one pair of ________(type of chromosome).

Accepted Answer

autosomes;

Question 5

According to the law of segregation:

Accepted Answer

A) each individual carries a single copy of each "factor." 
B) pairs of alleles fuse during the formation of gametes. 
C) pairs of alleles separate during the formation of gametes. 
D) the sex chromosomes of males and females differ. 
E) there is an independent assortment of nonhomologous chromosomes during meiosis. 
A) each individual carries a single copy of each "factor." 
B) pairs of alleles fuse during the formation of gametes. 
C) pairs of alleles separate during the formation of gametes. 
D) the sex chromosomes of males and females differ. 
E) there is an independent assortment of nonhomologous chromosomes during meiosis.

Question 6

Imagine you do a test cross between a purple-flowered pea plant having serrated leaves (a dominant trait)and a white-flowered pea plant having smooth edges. If the purple-flowered plant is heterozygous for both traits, the expected ratio in the offspring is 1 purple-serrated:1 purple-smooth:1 white-serrated:1 white-smooth. Instead, you see 4 purple-serrated:1 purple-smooth:1 white-serrated:4 white-smooth. What is the explanation of this ratio?

Accepted Answer

A) There is incomplete dominance. 
B) The genes are linked. 
C) The genes are linked and there is incomplete dominance. 
D) There has been a mutation during the cross. 
A) There is incomplete dominance. 
B) The genes are linked. 
C) The genes are linked and there is incomplete dominance. 
D) There has been a mutation during the cross.

Question 7

When the expression of a trait is influenced by the action of many genes, the pattern of inheritance is called:

Accepted Answer

A) complete dominance. 
B) incomplete dominance. 
C) multiple alleles. 
D) discontinuous variation. 
E) polygenic inheritance. 
A) complete dominance. 
B) incomplete dominance. 
C) multiple alleles. 
D) discontinuous variation. 
E) polygenic inheritance.

Question 8

Which disorder is characterized by the individual having a normal number of sex chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Turner syndrome 
B) Klinefelter syndrome 
C) trisomy X 
D) XYY syndrome 
E) Down syndrome 
A) Turner syndrome 
B) Klinefelter syndrome 
C) trisomy X 
D) XYY syndrome 
E) Down syndrome

Question 9

In order for independent assortment of alleles for two different genes to occur, where must the genes be located?

Accepted Answer

The genes

Question 10

The blood types of humans are an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

codominanc

Question 11

Codominance occurs when:

Accepted Answer

A) both of the alleles in a heterozygote are expressed phenotypically in an individual. 
B) expression of two different alleles alternates from one generation to the next. 
C) a heterozygote expresses an intermediate phenotype. 
D) offspring exhibit several different phenotypic expressions of a single trait. 
A) both of the alleles in a heterozygote are expressed phenotypically in an individual. 
B) expression of two different alleles alternates from one generation to the next. 
C) a heterozygote expresses an intermediate phenotype. 
D) offspring exhibit several different phenotypic expressions of a single trait.

Question 12

Mendel's law of segregation states that:

Accepted Answer

A) members of a pair of alleles move away from each other during gamete formation. 
B) each gamete receives a full complement of chromosomes. 
C) there may be alternative forms of the same gene. 
D) genes end up in their respective gametes by chance. 
E) genes in the same chromosome must stay together. 
A) members of a pair of alleles move away from each other during gamete formation. 
B) each gamete receives a full complement of chromosomes. 
C) there may be alternative forms of the same gene. 
D) genes end up in their respective gametes by chance. 
E) genes in the same chromosome must stay together.

Question 13

Although the law of independent assortment is generally applicable, when two loci are on the same chromosome, the phenotypes of the offspring sometimes do not fit the phenotypes predicted. This is due to:

Accepted Answer

A) translation. 
B) inversions. 
C) chromatid abnormalities. 
D) linkage. 
E) chromosome exchange. 
A) translation. 
B) inversions. 
C) chromatid abnormalities. 
D) linkage. 
E) chromosome exchange.

Question 14

Human eye color is the result of:

Accepted Answer

A) polygenic inheritance. 
B) codominance. 
C) simple dominance. 
D) sex-linked recessive inheritance. 
E) genes and environmental effects. 
A) polygenic inheritance. 
B) codominance. 
C) simple dominance. 
D) sex-linked recessive inheritance. 
E) genes and environmental effects.

Question 15

Describe where in the process of meiosis independent assortment of genes occurs.

Accepted Answer

Homologous pairs of chromosome

Question 16

All of the following statements about genotypes and phenotypes are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) individuals with the same phenotype might have different genotypes. 
B) matings between individuals with dominant phenotypes cannot produce offspring with recessive phenotypes. 
C) matings between individuals with recessive phenotypes usually do not produce offspring with dominant phenotypes. 
D) individuals with the same genotype might have different phenotypes. 
A) individuals with the same phenotype might have different genotypes. 
B) matings between individuals with dominant phenotypes cannot produce offspring with recessive phenotypes. 
C) matings between individuals with recessive phenotypes usually do not produce offspring with dominant phenotypes. 
D) individuals with the same genotype might have different phenotypes.

Question 17

In Mendel's experiments, if the gene for tall (T1)plants was incompletely dominant over the gene for short (T2)plants, what would be the result of crossing two T1T2 plants?

Accepted Answer

A) 25% tall, 50% intermediate, and 25% short 
B) 50% tall, 25% intermediate, and 25% short 
C) 25% tall, 25% intermediate, and 50% short 
D) All the offspring would be tall. 
E) All the offspring would be intermediate. 
A) 25% tall, 50% intermediate, and 25% short 
B) 50% tall, 25% intermediate, and 25% short 
C) 25% tall, 25% intermediate, and 50% short 
D) All the offspring would be tall. 
E) All the offspring would be intermediate.

Question 18

Gregor Mendel concluded that each pea has two units for each trait, and each gamete contains one unit. Mendel's "units" are now called:

Accepted Answer

A) genes. 
B) characters. 
C) alleles. 
D) transcription factors. 
A) genes. 
B) characters. 
C) alleles. 
D) transcription factors.

Question 19

Of the following, which is the least common chromosome disorder among live-born infants?

Accepted Answer

A) Turner syndrome 
B) Klinefelter syndrome 
C) Down syndrome 
D) trisomy X 
A) Turner syndrome 
B) Klinefelter syndrome 
C) Down syndrome 
D) trisomy X

Question 20

Peas were a good organism of choice for Mendel because:

Accepted Answer

A) they cannot self-fertilize. 
B) they cannot cross-fertilize. 
C) he could study one trait at a time. 
D) the traits were difficult to visualize. 
A) they cannot self-fertilize. 
B) they cannot cross-fertilize. 
C) he could study one trait at a time. 
D) the traits were difficult to visualize.

Exam 10: Patterns of Inheritance

When genes are linked, a few of the recombinant genotypes still occur in the offspring because of:

When alleles move into different gametes, this demonstrates:

The human genome contains 46 chromosomes. There are 22 pairs of ________ (type of chromosome)and one pair of ________(type of chromosome).

According to the law of segregation:

When the expression of a trait is influenced by the action of many genes, the pattern of inheritance is called:

Which disorder is characterized by the individual having a normal number of sex chromosomes?

In order for independent assortment of alleles for two different genes to occur, where must the genes be located?

The blood types of humans are an example of ________.

Codominance occurs when:

Mendel's law of segregation states that:

Although the law of independent assortment is generally applicable, when two loci are on the same chromosome, the phenotypes of the offspring sometimes do not fit the phenotypes predicted. This is due to:

Human eye color is the result of:

Describe where in the process of meiosis independent assortment of genes occurs.

All of the following statements about genotypes and phenotypes are true EXCEPT:

In Mendel's experiments, if the gene for tall (T1)plants was incompletely dominant over the gene for short (T2)plants, what would be the result of crossing two T1T2 plants?

Gregor Mendel concluded that each pea has two units for each trait, and each gamete contains one unit. Mendel's "units" are now called:

Of the following, which is the least common chromosome disorder among live-born infants?

Peas were a good organism of choice for Mendel because:

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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