Exam 1: An Introduction to Life on Earth

What molecule stores all the hereditary information of an organism?

Francesco Redi designed an experiment to test the notion of spontaneous generation. He left the first jar of meat open to the air and covered the second jar. The first jar would be called the ________ jar.

Suppose an organism has an enzyme that repairs DNA errors. The result is a decrease in mutations. This trait would definitely influence the organism's ability to:

Mutation is essential for:

Of the following levels of organization, Archaea have:

After you drink a glass of acidic lemonade, your body's pH does not change. This is an example of how humans and other organisms:

Evolution is sometimes described as the change from preexisting life-forms to modern-day organisms. What actually changes, in every case of evolution, is the:

Which of the following levels of organization is the most inclusive (that is, includes the most life-forms)?

Suppose you are testing a treatment for AIDS patients and find that 75% respond very well whereas 25% show no improvement or decline in health. You should:

Biodiversity is the total number of organisms in an ecosystem. True or False?

For the following question(s), choose the characteristic of a living organism that best corresponds to each statement. Selections may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. Growth B. Reproduction C. Homeostasis D. Evolution E. Response to stimuli -A sunflower follows the sun as it move across the sky during the day.

Humans born without sweat glands usually do not survive. Why not?

Which of the following is FALSE about scientific theories?

In evolutionary terms, which of the following cells is considered to be the most primitive?

Suppose that a meteorite crashes into Earth and a sample of it is taken to a local research lab for analysis. Embedded several inches within the rocky structure, a microscopic cluster of dormant, spore-like structures is found. The scientists culture some of this material in a standard microbiological nutrient broth, and they are surprised to find many single-celled "organisms" moving around, growing, and reproducing in the broth. The "organisms" behave the same in both daylight and dark conditions, do not require oxygen, and persist under a wide range of temperatures and pH levels. They stop moving, growing, and reproducing, however, when fewer nutrients are available in the medium. In this scenario, the "organisms" most closely resemble a(n):

A hypothesis is always an "If...then" statement. True or False?

A 57-year-old woman was admitted to a hospital with an infected toe, and the infection was spreading rapidly. The damage was being caused by an unknown microorganism that could not be cultured in the lab. Doctors observed that antibiotics, which kill only prokaryotes, were ineffective. They suspected that the microbe was a fungus, so they tried the drug Amphotericin, which targets the ergosterols in fungal cells. Because animal cells contain cholesterols, not ergosterols, they are unaffected by the drug. Shortly after receiving Amphotericin, the patient improved, her infection ceased, and she was released from the hospital. In this scenario, what was the hypothesis?

All of the following are examples of adaptations EXCEPT:

Which is the correct sequence of increasing organization?

Cells that contain a nucleus are ________, and cells without a nucleus are ________.