Exam 5: Reinforcement

The experimental chamber developed by Skinner is often called a _________.

Operant learning is sometimes called ________ learning.

Negative reinforcement is sometimes called ______ learning.

Vomiting is ordinarily an involuntary response, but sometimes it can be modified by operant procedures.

Positive reinforcement increases the strength of a behavior.

How does the Sidman avoidance procedure differ from other avoidance procedures?

Douglas Anger proposed that there is a signal in the Sidman avoidance procedure. The signal is ________.

With reinforcement, it is easy for a person to lower his blood pressure.

Negative reinforcement is also called _______.

Studies demonstrate that operant learning is as effective with involuntary behavior, such as the salivary reflex, as it is with voluntary behavior.

The Premack principle says that reinforcement involves _______.

Studies of delayed reinforcement document the importance of ______.

The _______ principle states that high probability behavior reinforces low probability behavior.

According to Skinner, people are rewarded, but behavior is reinforced

In _______ _ a response is followed by the withdrawal of, or reduction in the intensity of, an aversive stimulus.

What are the differences between classical conditioning and operant learning?

The author of your text calls Skinner the ______.

Compare Premack's relative value theory with the response deprivation theory of Timberlake and Allison.

Mary decides to try to modify Pearl's behavior (see above item). She and the rest of the family refuse to respond to any comment or request by Pearl that they know she is capable of expressing in English. For example, if during dinner she says, "Pass the potatoes" in English, she gets potatoes; if she says it in her native language she gets ignored. The procedure being used to change Pearl's behavior is ______.

Thorndike complained that _______ evidence provided a "supernormal psychology of animals."