Question 1

One epigenetic change that can affect the expression of a gene is methylation,which is

Accepted Answer

A) the subtraction of an organic molecule from DNA 
B) the addition of an organic molecule to DNA 
C) the addition of RNA to DNA 
D) the effect of hormones on DNA 
A) the subtraction of an organic molecule from DNA 
B) the addition of an organic molecule to DNA 
C) the addition of RNA to DNA 
D) the effect of hormones on DNA B

Question 2

Which of the following is the best example of neuroplasticity?

Accepted Answer

A) Cells from the hippocampus are instrumental in encoding memories. 
B) The 3-year-old's brain is approximately three-fourths of its adult size. 
C) Fetal brains grow quickly,increasing in weight over the course of pregnancy. 
D) Neurons that are transplanted from the auditory cortex to the visual cortex begin to perceive light. 
A) Cells from the hippocampus are instrumental in encoding memories. 
B) The 3-year-old's brain is approximately three-fourths of its adult size. 
C) Fetal brains grow quickly,increasing in weight over the course of pregnancy. 
D) Neurons that are transplanted from the auditory cortex to the visual cortex begin to perceive light. D

Question 3

Ms.Dawson recently gave birth to twins,a girl and a boy.Which of the following statements about them must be true?

Accepted Answer

A) They share 100 per cent of their genes. 
B) They are monozygotic. 
C) They are dizygotic. 
D) They originated from a single zygote. 
A) They share 100 per cent of their genes. 
B) They are monozygotic. 
C) They are dizygotic. 
D) They originated from a single zygote. C

Question 4

Over the last century,researchers have held various views of stress and adaptation.Which of the following alters physiological functions temporarily as the body deals with an acute stressor?

Accepted Answer

A) Allostasis 
B) Homeostasis 
C) General adaptation syndrome 
D) Set-point model 
A) Allostasis 
B) Homeostasis 
C) General adaptation syndrome 
D) Set-point model

Question 5

Neurons communicate with each other

Accepted Answer

A) by means of chemicals that are present in the spaces between them. 
B) by means of dendrites touching other dendrites. 
C) by means of electrical impulses that radiate out of the myelin sheath. 
D) by means of connections with glial cells. 
A) by means of chemicals that are present in the spaces between them. 
B) by means of dendrites touching other dendrites. 
C) by means of electrical impulses that radiate out of the myelin sheath. 
D) by means of connections with glial cells.

Question 6

The epigenome is the full set of factors,from the cell to the outside world,that controls the expression of

Accepted Answer

A) hereditary material. 
B) recessive genes. 
C) the zygote. 
D) histones. 
A) hereditary material. 
B) recessive genes. 
C) the zygote. 
D) histones.

Question 7

Sally,age 28,recently married John,age 45.They would like to have a child,but they are concerned that they may be at high risk to have a child with a chromosomal abnormality,like Down syndrome,because of John's age.What is their genetic counselor likely to tell them?

Accepted Answer

A) They are at higher than average risk for some chromosomal disorders because of John's age,but not for Down syndrome. 
B) They are at higher than average risk for chromosomal disorders of all sorts because of John's age. 
C) There is no relationship between parents' age and chromosomal disorders in their offspring. 
D) The risk of any chromosomal disorder in a child is only related to the mother's age,not to the father's age. 
A) They are at higher than average risk for some chromosomal disorders because of John's age,but not for Down syndrome. 
B) They are at higher than average risk for chromosomal disorders of all sorts because of John's age. 
C) There is no relationship between parents' age and chromosomal disorders in their offspring. 
D) The risk of any chromosomal disorder in a child is only related to the mother's age,not to the father's age.

Question 8

Which of the following is an accurate description of the long-term effects of chronic stress on the body?

Accepted Answer

A) The ability of the immune system to fight infection and ward off disease is compromised. 
B) There are no effects on the immune system,and only short term effects on the cardiovascular system. 
C) There are no effects on the cardiovascular system,but long term effects on the skeletal muscles. 
D) There are no lasting effects on the body - when the stress ends all physical systems return to normal. 
A) The ability of the immune system to fight infection and ward off disease is compromised. 
B) There are no effects on the immune system,and only short term effects on the cardiovascular system. 
C) There are no effects on the cardiovascular system,but long term effects on the skeletal muscles. 
D) There are no lasting effects on the body - when the stress ends all physical systems return to normal.

Question 9

In one study,young rats exposed to stress vocalized their anxiety.Their mothers,alerted to this distress,responded with diligent caregiving behavior that altered the development of the hippocampus.Which of the following processes or principles does this example demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A) Dominant-recessive gene relationships 
B) Active gene effects 
C) The role of regulator genes in behavior genetics 
D) Epigenesis 
A) Dominant-recessive gene relationships 
B) Active gene effects 
C) The role of regulator genes in behavior genetics 
D) Epigenesis

Question 10

Explain why it is important for a helping professional to be aware of the coaction of genes and environment.Be sure to include a definition and examples of coaction.

Accepted Answer

Explain why it is important for a helpin

Question 11

What part of the brain is the largest,including the hypothalamus,thalamus,cerebrum,and limbic system structures?

Accepted Answer

A) Midbrain 
B) Hindbrain 
C) Forebrain 
D) Cerebellum 
A) Midbrain 
B) Hindbrain 
C) Forebrain 
D) Cerebellum

Question 12

In a male zygote,what is the chromosome configuration?

Accepted Answer

A) 23 matched pairs 
B) 23 matched pairs and one unmatched pair 
C) 22 matched pairs and one unmatched pair 
D) 46 matched chromosomes 
A) 23 matched pairs 
B) 23 matched pairs and one unmatched pair 
C) 22 matched pairs and one unmatched pair 
D) 46 matched chromosomes

Question 13

Complete the following analogy: genotype is to phenotype as

Accepted Answer

A) gene is to chromosome 
B) DNA is to RNA 
C) code is to expression 
D) night is to day 
A) gene is to chromosome 
B) DNA is to RNA 
C) code is to expression 
D) night is to day

Question 14

If you look at the karyotypes of person A and person B and discover that they look alike,what can you infer is the same about these two people?

Accepted Answer

A) Their parents 
B) Their sex 
C) Their height 
D) Their blood type 
A) Their parents 
B) Their sex 
C) Their height 
D) Their blood type

Question 15

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis)plays a significant role in

Accepted Answer

A) the human response to stress. 
B) X-linked recessive diseases. 
C) determining the sex of a fetus. 
D) determining eye color. 
A) the human response to stress. 
B) X-linked recessive diseases. 
C) determining the sex of a fetus. 
D) determining eye color.

Question 16

What type of neural growth occurs as a direct result of exposure to more individualized kinds of environmental events?

Accepted Answer

A) Experience-dependent 
B) Experience-expectant 
C) Adult neural stem cell generation 
D) Synaptogenesis after age 12 
A) Experience-dependent 
B) Experience-expectant 
C) Adult neural stem cell generation 
D) Synaptogenesis after age 12

Question 17

Children who suffer severe protein and calorie shortages at any age may experience stunted growth,a protuberant belly,and extreme apathy.This severe starvation syndrome is called

Accepted Answer

A) lowest observable effect. 
B) kwashiorkor. 
C) Huntington's disease. 
D) proximo-distal development. 
A) lowest observable effect. 
B) kwashiorkor. 
C) Huntington's disease. 
D) proximo-distal development.

Question 18

Most postnatal brain growth depends upon the proliferation of

Accepted Answer

A) synapses. 
B) myelination. 
C) neurotransmitters. 
D) glial cells. 
A) synapses. 
B) myelination. 
C) neurotransmitters. 
D) glial cells.

Question 19

Of the following,which is the most accurate example of coaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Genes that are related to a specific disorder may be expressed phenotypically only in a certain kind of environment. 
B) Genes for a disorder that are on the X-chromosome will only be expressed in females. 
C) The environment and the genes have an equal influence on a disorder. 
D) Genes will have a greater influence on the development of a disorder when the genes are dominant. 
A) Genes that are related to a specific disorder may be expressed phenotypically only in a certain kind of environment. 
B) Genes for a disorder that are on the X-chromosome will only be expressed in females. 
C) The environment and the genes have an equal influence on a disorder. 
D) Genes will have a greater influence on the development of a disorder when the genes are dominant.

Question 20

The damaging effects of teratogens are the result of

Accepted Answer

A) genetic mutations. 
B) coaction of genes and environment. 
C) dominant,defective alleles. 
D) coaction of genetic and chromosomal abnormalities. 
A) genetic mutations. 
B) coaction of genes and environment. 
C) dominant,defective alleles. 
D) coaction of genetic and chromosomal abnormalities.

One epigenetic change that can affect the expression of a gene is methylation,which is

Which of the following is the best example of neuroplasticity?

Ms.Dawson recently gave birth to twins,a girl and a boy.Which of the following statements about them must be true?

Over the last century,researchers have held various views of stress and adaptation.Which of the following alters physiological functions temporarily as the body deals with an acute stressor?

Neurons communicate with each other

The epigenome is the full set of factors,from the cell to the outside world,that controls the expression of

Sally,age 28,recently married John,age 45.They would like to have a child,but they are concerned that they may be at high risk to have a child with a chromosomal abnormality,like Down syndrome,because of John's age.What is their genetic counselor likely to tell them?

Which of the following is an accurate description of the long-term effects of chronic stress on the body?

In one study,young rats exposed to stress vocalized their anxiety.Their mothers,alerted to this distress,responded with diligent caregiving behavior that altered the development of the hippocampus.Which of the following processes or principles does this example demonstrate?

Explain why it is important for a helping professional to be aware of the coaction of genes and environment.Be sure to include a definition and examples of coaction.

What part of the brain is the largest,including the hypothalamus,thalamus,cerebrum,and limbic system structures?

In a male zygote,what is the chromosome configuration?

Complete the following analogy: genotype is to phenotype as

If you look at the karyotypes of person A and person B and discover that they look alike,what can you infer is the same about these two people?

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis)plays a significant role in

What type of neural growth occurs as a direct result of exposure to more individualized kinds of environmental events?

Children who suffer severe protein and calorie shortages at any age may experience stunted growth,a protuberant belly,and extreme apathy.This severe starvation syndrome is called

Most postnatal brain growth depends upon the proliferation of

Of the following,which is the most accurate example of coaction?

The damaging effects of teratogens are the result of

Organizing Themes in Development

Cognitive Development in the Early Years

Emotional and Social Development in the Early Years

The Emerging Self and Socialization in the Early Years

Realms of Cognition in Middle Childhood

Self and Moral Development: Middle Childhood Through Early Adolescence

Gender and Peer Relationships: Middle Childhood Through Early Adolescence

Physical,cognitive,and Identity Development in Adolescence

The Social World of Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Young Adulthood

Socioemotional and Vocational Development in Young Adulthood

Middle Adulthood: Cognitive, personality, and Social Development

Living Well: Stress, coping, and Life Satisfaction in Adulthood

Gains and Losses in Late Adulthood

Filters

Exam 2: Genetics, epigenetics, and the Brain: the Fundamentals of Behavioral Development

One epigenetic change that can affect the expression of a gene is methylation,which is

Which of the following is the best example of neuroplasticity?

Ms.Dawson recently gave birth to twins,a girl and a boy.Which of the following statements about them must be true?

Over the last century,researchers have held various views of stress and adaptation.Which of the following alters physiological functions temporarily as the body deals with an acute stressor?

Neurons communicate with each other

The epigenome is the full set of factors,from the cell to the outside world,that controls the expression of

Sally,age 28,recently married John,age 45.They would like to have a child,but they are concerned that they may be at high risk to have a child with a chromosomal abnormality,like Down syndrome,because of John's age.What is their genetic counselor likely to tell them?

Which of the following is an accurate description of the long-term effects of chronic stress on the body?

In one study,young rats exposed to stress vocalized their anxiety.Their mothers,alerted to this distress,responded with diligent caregiving behavior that altered the development of the hippocampus.Which of the following processes or principles does this example demonstrate?

Explain why it is important for a helping professional to be aware of the coaction of genes and environment.Be sure to include a definition and examples of coaction.

What part of the brain is the largest,including the hypothalamus,thalamus,cerebrum,and limbic system structures?

In a male zygote,what is the chromosome configuration?

Complete the following analogy: genotype is to phenotype as

If you look at the karyotypes of person A and person B and discover that they look alike,what can you infer is the same about these two people?

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis)plays a significant role in

What type of neural growth occurs as a direct result of exposure to more individualized kinds of environmental events?

Children who suffer severe protein and calorie shortages at any age may experience stunted growth,a protuberant belly,and extreme apathy.This severe starvation syndrome is called

Most postnatal brain growth depends upon the proliferation of

Of the following,which is the most accurate example of coaction?

The damaging effects of teratogens are the result of

Organizing Themes in Development

Cognitive Development in the Early Years

Emotional and Social Development in the Early Years

The Emerging Self and Socialization in the Early Years

Realms of Cognition in Middle Childhood

Self and Moral Development: Middle Childhood Through Early Adolescence

Gender and Peer Relationships: Middle Childhood Through Early Adolescence

Physical,cognitive,and Identity Development in Adolescence

The Social World of Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Young Adulthood

Socioemotional and Vocational Development in Young Adulthood

Middle Adulthood: Cognitive, personality, and Social Development

Living Well: Stress, coping, and Life Satisfaction in Adulthood

Gains and Losses in Late Adulthood

Filters