A researcher wants to determine the efficacy of a training program directed at improving concentration, focus, and memory on college students.She selects a random sample of 16 individuals and has them take an initial assessment test before the training program.Then the individuals complete the training program, and at the end they take a final test that's comparable to the initial test.The results are shown in the following table: \[\begin{array} { | c | c | c | } \hline \text { Individ. } & \text { Before } & \text { After } \\ \hline 1 & 79 & 81 \\ \hline 2 & 74 & 73 \\ \hline 3 & 81 & 82.5 \\ \hline 4 & 75 & 82.5 \\ \hline 5 & 72.5 & 85 \\ \hline 6 & 75 & 90 \\ \hline 7 & 67.5 & 83.5 \\ \hline 8 & 57.5 & 72.5 \\ \hline 9 & 62.5 & 87.5 \\ \hline 10 & 77.5 & 80 \\ \hline 11 & 61.5 & 92.5 \\ \hline 12 & 57.5 & 80 \\ \hline 13 & 61.5 & 71 \\ \hline 14 & 72.5 & 84 \\ \hline 15 & 64 & 78.5 \\ \hline 16 & 71 & 97.5 \\ \hline \end{array}\] The analyst uses a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test with a 0.05 significance level.The observed z score is ______.

A) -3.4645 B) -3.2157 C) -3.0178 D) -2.9857 E) -2.7978 A) -3.4645 B) -3.2157 C) -3.0178 D) -2.9857 E) -2.7978

A researcher wants to determine the efficacy of a training program directed at improving concentration, focus, and memory on college students.She selects a random sample of 16 individuals and has them take an initial assessment test before the training program.Then the individuals complete the training program, and at the end they take a final test that's comparable to the initial test.The results are shown in the following table: \[\begin{array} { | c | c | c | } \hline \text { Individ. } & \text { Before } & \text { After } \\ \hline 1 & 79 & 81 \\ \hline 2 & 74 & 73 \\ \hline 3 & 81 & 82.5 \\ \hline 4 & 75 & 82.5 \\ \hline 5 & 72.5 & 85 \\ \hline 6 & 75 & 90 \\ \hline 7 & 67.5 & 83.5 \\ \hline 8 & 57.5 & 72.5 \\ \hline 9 & 62.5 & 87.5 \\ \hline 10 & 77.5 & 80 \\ \hline 11 & 61.5 & 92.5 \\ \hline 12 & 57.5 & 80 \\ \hline 13 & 61.5 & 71 \\ \hline 14 & 72.5 & 84 \\ \hline 15 & 64 & 78.5 \\ \hline 16 & 71 & 97.5 \\ \hline \end{array}\] The analyst uses a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test with a 0.05 significance level.The appropriate decision is ______.

A) fail to reject the null hypothesis that the before and after scores are different B) reject the null hypothesis that that the before and after scores are different C) fail to reject the null hypothesis that the before and after scores are not different D) reject the null hypothesis that the before and after scores are not different E) do nothing A) fail to reject the null hypothesis that the before and after scores are different B) reject the null hypothesis that that the before and after scores are different C) fail to reject the null hypothesis that the before and after scores are not different D) reject the null hypothesis that the before and after scores are not different E) do nothing

A local pediatrician office is interested in the 'no-show' appointment count for each of the 4 pediatricians.'No-show' appointments represent lost revenues because the physician will be Idle when patients do not show for their scheduled appointments.Using the data in the table Below and an alpha of 0.10, what is the appropriate decision? \[\begin{array} { r r r r r } & \text { Physician A } & \text { Physiciaan B } & \text { Physician C } & \text { Physician D } \\ \text { week 1 } & 8 & 4 & 6 & 7 \\ \text { week 2 } & 7 & 3 & 4 & 6 \\ \text { week 3 } & 8 & 2 & 5 & 4 \\ \text { week 4 } & 8 & 6 & 7 & 9 \\ \text { week 5 } & 4 & 2 & 5 & 10 \end{array}\] \[\begin{array} { r r r r r } & \text { Physician A } & \text { Physician B } & \text { Physician C } & \text { Physician D } \\ \text { week 1 } & 8 & 4 & 6 & 7 \\ \text { week 2 } & 7 & 3 & 4 & 6 \\ \text { week 3 } & 8 & 2 & 5 & 4 \\ \text { week 4 } & 8 & 6 & 7 & 9 \\ \text { week 5 } & 4 & 2 & 5 & 10 \end{array}\]

A) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude at least one physician differs in the no-show rates. B) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude the no show rates differ by day of week C) Fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude there is not enough evidence to demonstrate the no show rate between physician is equal D) Fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude there is not enough evidence to show the no show rate between days of the week is equal E) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude the no show rates are dependent upon both day of week and physician. A) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude at least one physician differs in the no-show rates. B) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude the no show rates differ by day of week C) Fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude there is not enough evidence to demonstrate the no show rate between physician is equal D) Fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude there is not enough evidence to show the no show rate between days of the week is equal E) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude the no show rates are dependent upon both day of week and physician.

Performance records for 18 salespersons are selected to investigate whether compensation methods are a significant motivational factor. $\begin{array}{lc}\\ \text { Compensation Method } \quad\quad\text { Sales }\\ \begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|} \hline \text { Straight Salary } & 18 & 12 & 22 & 28 & 28 & & \\ \hline \text { Straight Commission } & 27 & 34 & 34 & 27 & 20 & 16 & 24 \\ \hline \text { Salary plus Commission } & 11 & 17 & 27 & 14 & 30 & 22 & \\ \hline \end{array}\end{array}$ A Kruskal-Wallis test is to be performed with $\alpha$ = 0.01.The calculated K value is _______.

A) 15.086 B) 1.715 C) 7.779 D) 9.210 E) 8.657 A) 15.086 B) 1.715 C) 7.779 D) 9.210 E) 8.657

Exam 17: Nonparametric Statistics

A researcher wants to determine whether the means of two independent populations are the same.She has two independent random samples, one from each population, shown in the following table: $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ Sample I $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ Sample II 11.5 15.7 22.8 22.5 12.6 13.8 17.5 10.7 13.5 12.4 25.3 16.1 25.1 14.8 11.8 14.7 10.8 12.7 She uses the Mann-Whitney U test and a significance level of 0.05.The appropriate Decision is ______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 61

A production run of 500 items resulted in 29 defectives items.A defective item is coded as 1 and a good item as 0.The following is an output from Minitab. Runs Test: Defects Runs test for Defects Runs above and below $\mathrm { K } = 0.058$ The observed number of runs $= 57$ The expected number of runs $= 55.636$ 29 observations above K, 471 below $\mathrm { P } -$ value $= 0.574$ Using $\alpha$ =0.1, the conclusion is __________________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 62

The Mann-Whitney U test is implemented differently for small samples than for large samples.

(True/False)

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Question 63

A researcher wants to determine the efficacy of a training program directed at improving concentration, focus, and memory on college students.She selects a random sample of 16 individuals and has them take an initial assessment test before the training program.Then the individuals complete the training program, and at the end they take a final test that's comparable to the initial test.The results are shown in the following table: Individ. Before After 1 79 81 2 74 73 3 81 82.5 4 75 82.5 5 72.5 85 6 75 90 7 67.5 83.5 8 57.5 72.5 9 62.5 87.5 10 77.5 80 11 61.5 92.5 12 57.5 80 13 61.5 71 14 72.5 84 15 64 78.5 16 71 97.5 The analyst uses a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test with a 0.05 significance level.The observed z score is ______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 64

Many "Before and after" types of experiments should be analyzed using _______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 65

The nonparametric counterpart of the t test to compare the means of two related samples is the _______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 66

Spearman rank correlation values, r_s, range between +1 and 0.

(True/False)

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Question 67

The Wilcoxon test was used on 16 pairs of data.The total of the ranks (T)were computed to be 76 (for + ranks)and 60 (for - ranks).The z value for this test is _____.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 68

A researcher wants to determine the efficacy of a training program directed at improving concentration, focus, and memory on college students.She selects a random sample of 16 individuals and has them take an initial assessment test before the training program.Then the individuals complete the training program, and at the end they take a final test that's comparable to the initial test.The results are shown in the following table: Individ. Before After 1 79 81 2 74 73 3 81 82.5 4 75 82.5 5 72.5 85 6 75 90 7 67.5 83.5 8 57.5 72.5 9 62.5 87.5 10 77.5 80 11 61.5 92.5 12 57.5 80 13 61.5 71 14 72.5 84 15 64 78.5 16 71 97.5 The analyst uses a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test with a 0.05 significance level.The appropriate decision is ______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 69

A local pediatrician office is interested in the 'no-show' appointment count for each of the 4 pediatricians.'No-show' appointments represent lost revenues because the physician will be Idle when patients do not show for their scheduled appointments.Using the data in the table Below and an alpha of 0.10, what is the appropriate decision? Physician A Physiciaan B Physician C Physician D week 1 8 4 6 7 week 2 7 3 4 6 week 3 8 2 5 4 week 4 8 6 7 9 week 5 4 2 5 10 Physician A Physician B Physician C Physician D week 1 8 4 6 7 week 2 7 3 4 6 week 3 8 2 5 4 week 4 8 6 7 9 week 5 4 2 5 10

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 70

The nonparametric alternative to analysis of variance for a randomized block design is the Friedman test.

(True/False)

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Question 71

A researcher wants to determine whether the means of two independent populations are the same.She has two independent random samples, one from each population, shown in the following table: $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ Sample I $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ Sample II 11.5 15.7 22.8 22.5 12.6 13.8 17.5 10.7 13.5 12.4 25.3 16.1 25.1 14.8 11.8 14.7 10.8 12.7 She uses the Mann-Whitney U test and a significance level of 0.05.Then $\mu$ _U is ______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 72

A researcher wants to study the effects of physical exercise on depression.She randomly selects a group of 24 individuals who are equally depressed.None of these individuals currently exercises.She then randomly assigns them in one of three groups: group 1 stays without exercising (sedentary group), group 2 exercises once a week, and group 3 exercises two times a week.Individuals in groups 2 and 3 meet with a personal trainer so they carry out a very similar exercising program, both in kinds of exercises and in intensity.After two months, the researcher has all individuals take a depression-assessment test.The score of the test goes from 0 = totally miserable to 100 = complete satisfaction. The scores are shown in the following table: Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 25 24 35 15 16 22 20 19 31 17 24 32 23 25 31 21 25 29 19 21 33 18 18 35 The researcher uses a Kruskal-Wallis test and a significance level $\alpha$ = 0.05.The relevant number of degrees of freedom is ______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 73

A researcher wants to study the effects of physical exercise on depression.She randomly selects a group of 24 individuals who are equally depressed.None of these individuals currently exercises.She then randomly assigns them in one of three groups: group 1 stays without exercising (sedentary group), group 2 exercises once a week, and group 3 exercises two times a week.Individuals in groups 2 and 3 meet with a personal trainer so they carry out a very similar exercising program, both in kinds of exercises and in intensity.After two months, the researcher has all individuals take a depression-assessment test.The score of the test goes from 0 = totally miserable to 100 = complete satisfaction. The scores are shown in the following table: Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 25 24 35 15 16 22 20 19 31 17 24 32 23 25 31 21 25 29 19 21 33 18 18 35 The researcher uses a Kruskal-Wallis test and a significance level $\alpha$ = 0.05.The appropriate decision is ______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 74

To compare the means of two populations which cannot be assumed to be normally distributed and only ordinal-level data is available from two independent samples, The Mann-Whitney U test should be used instead of the t-test for independent samples..

(True/False)

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Question 75

The nonparametric counterpart of the t test to compare the means of two independent populations is the Mann-Whitney U test.

(True/False)

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Question 76

Performance records for 18 salespersons are selected to investigate whether compensation methods are a significant motivational factor. Compensation Method Sales Straight Salary 18 12 22 28 28 Straight Commission 27 34 34 27 20 16 24 Salary plus Commission 11 17 27 14 30 22 A Kruskal-Wallis test is to be performed with $\alpha$ = 0.01.The calculated K value is _______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 77

The nonparametric alternative to analysis of variance for a randomized block design is the _______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 78

A researcher wants to determine whether the means of two independent populations are the same.She has two independent random samples, one from each population, shown in the following table: $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ Sample I $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ Sample II 11.5 15.7 22.8 22.5 12.6 13.8 17.5 10.7 13.5 12.4 25.3 16.1 25.1 14.8 11.8 14.7 10.8 12.7 She uses the Mann-Whitney U test and a significance level of 0.05.The sum of ranks for sample I is ______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 79

The methods of parametric statistics require ________________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 80

The Mann-Whitney U test is implemented differently for small samples than for large samples.

Many "Before and after" types of experiments should be analyzed using _______.

The nonparametric counterpart of the t test to compare the means of two related samples is the _______.

Spearman rank correlation values, r_s, range between +1 and 0.

The Wilcoxon test was used on 16 pairs of data.The total of the ranks (T)were computed to be 76 (for + ranks)and 60 (for - ranks).The z value for this test is _____.

The nonparametric alternative to analysis of variance for a randomized block design is the Friedman test.

To compare the means of two populations which cannot be assumed to be normally distributed and only ordinal-level data is available from two independent samples, The Mann-Whitney U test should be used instead of the t-test for independent samples..

The nonparametric counterpart of the t test to compare the means of two independent populations is the Mann-Whitney U test.

The nonparametric alternative to analysis of variance for a randomized block design is the _______.

The methods of parametric statistics require ________________.

Introduction to Statistics and Business Analytics

Visualizing Data With Charts and Graphs

Descriptive Statistics

Probability

Discrete Distributions

Continuous Distributions

Sampling and Sampling Distributions

Statistical Inference: Estimation for Single Populations

Statistical Inference: Hypothesis Testing for Single Populations

Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

Analysis of Variance and Design of Experiments

Simple Regression Analysis and Correlation

Multiple Regression Analysis

Building Multiple Regression Models

Time-Series Forecasting and Index Numbers

Analysis of Categorical Data

Statistical Quality Control

Decision Analysis

Filters

Exam 17: Nonparametric Statistics

The Mann-Whitney U test is implemented differently for small samples than for large samples.

Many "Before and after" types of experiments should be analyzed using _______.

The nonparametric counterpart of the t test to compare the means of two related samples is the _______.

Spearman rank correlation values, rs, range between +1 and 0.

The Wilcoxon test was used on 16 pairs of data.The total of the ranks (T)were computed to be 76 (for + ranks)and 60 (for - ranks).The z value for this test is _____.

The nonparametric alternative to analysis of variance for a randomized block design is the Friedman test.

To compare the means of two populations which cannot be assumed to be normally distributed and only ordinal-level data is available from two independent samples, The Mann-Whitney U test should be used instead of the t-test for independent samples..

The nonparametric counterpart of the t test to compare the means of two independent populations is the Mann-Whitney U test.

The nonparametric alternative to analysis of variance for a randomized block design is the _______.

The methods of parametric statistics require ________________.

Introduction to Statistics and Business Analytics

Visualizing Data With Charts and Graphs

Descriptive Statistics

Probability

Discrete Distributions

Continuous Distributions

Sampling and Sampling Distributions

Statistical Inference: Estimation for Single Populations

Statistical Inference: Hypothesis Testing for Single Populations

Statistical Inferences About Two Populations

Analysis of Variance and Design of Experiments

Simple Regression Analysis and Correlation

Multiple Regression Analysis

Building Multiple Regression Models

Time-Series Forecasting and Index Numbers

Analysis of Categorical Data

Statistical Quality Control

Decision Analysis

Filters

Spearman rank correlation values, r_s, range between +1 and 0.