Question 1

The classical approach to concepts argues that each concept is defined by a set of necessary and sufficient features.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Collins and Quillian's hierarchical network model would predict that which of the following statements would take the LONGEST time to verify about Boo,a pet dog?

Accepted Answer

A) Boo is a Pomeranian. 
B) Boo has a popular Facebook page. 
C) Boo is a dog. 
D) Boo is a living thing. 
A) Boo is a Pomeranian. 
B) Boo has a popular Facebook page. 
C) Boo is a dog. 
D) Boo is a living thing.

Question 3

The schema view of concept formation assumes that ______.

Accepted Answer

A) there are clear boundaries among individual schemata 
B) there is cognitive economy among concepts 
C) information is abstracted across instances 
D) no information is stored about actual instances 
A) there are clear boundaries among individual schemata 
B) there is cognitive economy among concepts 
C) information is abstracted across instances 
D) no information is stored about actual instances

Question 4

A ______ is a mental representation of some object,event,or pattern.

Accepted Answer

A) category 
B) concept 
C) script 
D) memory 
A) category 
B) concept 
C) script 
D) memory

Question 5

According to Anderson,procedural memory represents information such as ______.

Accepted Answer

A) words 
B) pictures 
C) production rules 
D) words and pictures 
A) words 
B) pictures 
C) production rules 
D) words and pictures

Question 6

Which of the following is FALSE regarding a connectionist training "epoch"?

Accepted Answer

A) It begins by generating a random output. 
B) Connection weights are initially set at random levels. 
C) Generated output patterns are compared with target patterns. 
D) Back propagation occurs over many trials. 
A) It begins by generating a random output. 
B) Connection weights are initially set at random levels. 
C) Generated output patterns are compared with target patterns. 
D) Back propagation occurs over many trials.

Question 7

The finding that we typically respond to or are more quickly to activate concepts we encounter often or are used to is known as the ______ effect.

Accepted Answer

A) expertise 
B) schematic 
C) prototype 
D) typicality 
A) expertise 
B) schematic 
C) prototype 
D) typicality

Question 8

Research on scripts has shown all of the following EXCEPT ______.

Accepted Answer

A) there is a high degree of agreement about the events of a script such as "going to a restaurant" 
B) central concepts of a script are less well remembered than other events in a story,because they are taken for granted 
C) there is a high level of agreement in description level for scripts 
D) people often "recall" information in a story that was not actually in the story,but was part of the relevant script 
A) there is a high degree of agreement about the events of a script such as "going to a restaurant" 
B) central concepts of a script are less well remembered than other events in a story,because they are taken for granted 
C) there is a high level of agreement in description level for scripts 
D) people often "recall" information in a story that was not actually in the story,but was part of the relevant script

Question 9

The word superiority effect is related to the idea of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive economy 
B) schemata 
C) typicality 
D) spreading activation 
A) cognitive economy 
B) schemata 
C) typicality 
D) spreading activation

Question 10

In Anderson's ACT model,that part of declarative memory that is very highly activated at any particular moment is called ______ memory.

Accepted Answer

A) procedural 
B) iconic 
C) working 
D) declarative 
A) procedural 
B) iconic 
C) working 
D) declarative

Question 11

A mental dictionary containing all of our concepts is known as the ______.

Accepted Answer

A) protocon 
B) lexicon 
C) concepticon 
D) exemplicon 
A) protocon 
B) lexicon 
C) concepticon 
D) exemplicon

Question 12

Of the following,which has most directly been used to support the idea of spreading activation?

Accepted Answer

A) Stroop task 
B) dichotic listening task 
C) perceptual masking task 
D) lexical decision task 
A) Stroop task 
B) dichotic listening task 
C) perceptual masking task 
D) lexical decision task

Question 13

Describe one experimental finding that is NOT explained by hierarchical network models.

Accepted Answer

Violations of cognitive economy such as

Question 14

If "soda" is a basic-level category,then ______ would be a subordinate level.

Accepted Answer

A) soft drink 
B) beverage 
C) drink 
D) Coca-Cola 
A) soft drink 
B) beverage 
C) drink 
D) Coca-Cola

Question 15

"Characteristic features" and "family resemblance" are important aspects of the ______ view of concepts.

Accepted Answer

A) classical 
B) prototype 
C) exemplar 
D) schema 
A) classical 
B) prototype 
C) exemplar 
D) schema

Question 16

A knowledge-based view of concepts in which members of a category are assumed to share a similar underlying nature is ______.

Accepted Answer

A) psychological essentialism 
B) the schemata view 
C) nonanalytic concept formation 
D) grounded cognition 
A) psychological essentialism 
B) the schemata view 
C) nonanalytic concept formation 
D) grounded cognition

Question 17

Studies of concept usage have shown all of the following EXCEPT ______.

Accepted Answer

A) people judge different members of a category to vary in "goodness" 
B) subjects are more likely to list typical instances than atypical instances when asked to list instances of a concept 
C) highly typical instances of a category lead to better semantic priming than atypical instances 
D) there is high agreement between subjects on judgments such as "Do BOOKENDS belong to the category FURNITURE?" 
A) people judge different members of a category to vary in "goodness" 
B) subjects are more likely to list typical instances than atypical instances when asked to list instances of a concept 
C) highly typical instances of a category lead to better semantic priming than atypical instances 
D) there is high agreement between subjects on judgments such as "Do BOOKENDS belong to the category FURNITURE?"

Question 18

Rosch and Mervis (1975)found that participants listed the most features or attributes for prototypical items at the ______ level.

Accepted Answer

A) basic 
B) complex 
C) superordinate 
D) subordinate 
A) basic 
B) complex 
C) superordinate 
D) subordinate

Question 19

A form of concept creation in which you reorganizing and add to your existing concepts by comparing new instances to previously stored exemplars is known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A) explicit learning 
B) implicit learning 
C) explicit formation 
D) implicit formation 
A) explicit learning 
B) implicit learning 
C) explicit formation 
D) implicit formation

Question 20

Collins and Loftus's spreading activation theory differs from the hierarchical network theory in that it ______.

Accepted Answer

A) dispenses with the idea of cognitive economy 
B) relies on the assumption of hierarchical structure 
C) cannot account for the typicality effect 
D) makes stronger predictions than hierarchical models 
A) dispenses with the idea of cognitive economy 
B) relies on the assumption of hierarchical structure 
C) cannot account for the typicality effect 
D) makes stronger predictions than hierarchical models

The classical approach to concepts argues that each concept is defined by a set of necessary and sufficient features.

Collins and Quillian's hierarchical network model would predict that which of the following statements would take the LONGEST time to verify about Boo,a pet dog?

The schema view of concept formation assumes that ______.

A ______ is a mental representation of some object,event,or pattern.

According to Anderson,procedural memory represents information such as ______.

Which of the following is FALSE regarding a connectionist training "epoch"?

The finding that we typically respond to or are more quickly to activate concepts we encounter often or are used to is known as the ______ effect.

Research on scripts has shown all of the following EXCEPT ______.

The word superiority effect is related to the idea of ______.

In Anderson's ACT model,that part of declarative memory that is very highly activated at any particular moment is called ______ memory.

A mental dictionary containing all of our concepts is known as the ______.

Of the following,which has most directly been used to support the idea of spreading activation?

Describe one experimental finding that is NOT explained by hierarchical network models.

If "soda" is a basic-level category,then ______ would be a subordinate level.

"Characteristic features" and "family resemblance" are important aspects of the ______ view of concepts.

A knowledge-based view of concepts in which members of a category are assumed to share a similar underlying nature is ______.

Studies of concept usage have shown all of the following EXCEPT ______.

Rosch and Mervis (1975)found that participants listed the most features or attributes for prototypical items at the ______ level.

A form of concept creation in which you reorganizing and add to your existing concepts by comparing new instances to previously stored exemplars is known as ______.

Collins and Loftus's spreading activation theory differs from the hierarchical network theory in that it ______.

Cognitive Psychology: History, methods, and Paradigms

The Brain: an Overview of Structure and Function

Perception: Recognizing Patterns and Objects

Attention: Deploying Cognitive Resources

Working Memory: Forming and Using New Memory Traces

Retrieving Memories From Long-Term Storage

The Reconstructive Nature of Memory

Visual Imagery and Spatial Cognition

Language

Thinking and Problem Solving

Reasoning and Decision Making

Cognitive Development Through Adolescence

Individual Differences in Cognition

Cognition in Cross-Cultural Perspective

Filters

Exam 8: Knowledge Representation: Storing and Organizing

The classical approach to concepts argues that each concept is defined by a set of necessary and sufficient features.

Collins and Quillian's hierarchical network model would predict that which of the following statements would take the LONGEST time to verify about Boo,a pet dog?

The schema view of concept formation assumes that ______.

A ______ is a mental representation of some object,event,or pattern.

According to Anderson,procedural memory represents information such as ______.

Which of the following is FALSE regarding a connectionist training "epoch"?

The finding that we typically respond to or are more quickly to activate concepts we encounter often or are used to is known as the ______ effect.

Research on scripts has shown all of the following EXCEPT ______.

The word superiority effect is related to the idea of ______.

In Anderson's ACT model,that part of declarative memory that is very highly activated at any particular moment is called ______ memory.

A mental dictionary containing all of our concepts is known as the ______.

Of the following,which has most directly been used to support the idea of spreading activation?

Describe one experimental finding that is NOT explained by hierarchical network models.

If "soda" is a basic-level category,then ______ would be a subordinate level.

"Characteristic features" and "family resemblance" are important aspects of the ______ view of concepts.

A knowledge-based view of concepts in which members of a category are assumed to share a similar underlying nature is ______.

Studies of concept usage have shown all of the following EXCEPT ______.

Rosch and Mervis (1975)found that participants listed the most features or attributes for prototypical items at the ______ level.

A form of concept creation in which you reorganizing and add to your existing concepts by comparing new instances to previously stored exemplars is known as ______.

Collins and Loftus's spreading activation theory differs from the hierarchical network theory in that it ______.

Cognitive Psychology: History, methods, and Paradigms

The Brain: an Overview of Structure and Function

Perception: Recognizing Patterns and Objects

Attention: Deploying Cognitive Resources

Working Memory: Forming and Using New Memory Traces

Retrieving Memories From Long-Term Storage

The Reconstructive Nature of Memory

Visual Imagery and Spatial Cognition

Language

Thinking and Problem Solving

Reasoning and Decision Making

Cognitive Development Through Adolescence

Individual Differences in Cognition

Cognition in Cross-Cultural Perspective

Filters