Question 1

Which of the following poses a problem for the prototype view of concepts?

Accepted Answer

A) an inability to explain the typicality effect 
B) an inability to explain why people have a hard time providing strict definitions of their concepts 
C) an inability to explain why some classifications are easy to make and others are unclear 
D) an inability to explain why the typicality of a particular instance can depend upon context 
A) an inability to explain the typicality effect 
B) an inability to explain why people have a hard time providing strict definitions of their concepts 
C) an inability to explain why some classifications are easy to make and others are unclear 
D) an inability to explain why the typicality of a particular instance can depend upon context

Question 2

Concepts which are defined by their function in order to complete a task are most likely to be ______.

Accepted Answer

A) artifacts 
B) nominal-kinds 
C) natural-kinds 
D) social-kinds 
A) artifacts 
B) nominal-kinds 
C) natural-kinds 
D) social-kinds

Question 3

According to Medin (1989),you should make more accurate classifications based on the essence of a category if you ______.

Accepted Answer

A) know very little about the category or its essence 
B) are required to make very subtle types of classifications 
C) you are an expert on the category and its essence 
D) the category has multiple essences 
A) know very little about the category or its essence 
B) are required to make very subtle types of classifications 
C) you are an expert on the category and its essence 
D) the category has multiple essences

Question 4

You have encountered approximately 10 horses in your lifetime.You encounter a new,tall four legged animal with hair on its neck and a large snout.In order to determine whether it is in fact a "horse," you compare it to all the horses you have encountered before.It appears to match those horses on most features,and thus you decide it is in fact a "horse." This best represents which approach to concepts and categorization?

Accepted Answer

A) prototype theory 
B) knowledge-based view 
C) exemplar theory 
D) classical view 
A) prototype theory 
B) knowledge-based view 
C) exemplar theory 
D) classical view

Question 5

Research conducted under the framework of "psychological essentialism" has suggested that we use ______ to classify natural-kind concepts.

Accepted Answer

A) necessary and sufficient features 
B) family resemblance structures 
C) only necessary features 
D) a knowledge-based approach 
A) necessary and sufficient features 
B) family resemblance structures 
C) only necessary features 
D) a knowledge-based approach

Question 6

Priming in lexical decision tasks may be explained by the idea of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) episodic memory 
B) encoding specificity 
C) spreading activation 
D) typicality effects 
A) episodic memory 
B) encoding specificity 
C) spreading activation 
D) typicality effects

Question 7

According to cognitive economy,you'd expect the greatest number of semantic connections to fall between nodes that are ______.

Accepted Answer

A) most similar 
B) least similar 
C) identical 
D) in the same hierarchy 
A) most similar 
B) least similar 
C) identical 
D) in the same hierarchy

Question 8

Give an example of each of the three memory stores in ACT theory.

Accepted Answer

Declarative memory: facts like "Washingt

Question 9

The purpose of concepts can best be characterized as organizing our ______ of the world.

Accepted Answer

A) imagination 
B) attention 
C) knowledge 
D) emotions 
A) imagination 
B) attention 
C) knowledge 
D) emotions

Question 10

The ______ view of concepts argues that a person uses his/her theories about the way the world works to justify the classification of instances in the same category.

Accepted Answer

A) knowledge-based 
B) prototype 
C) exemplar 
D) schema 
A) knowledge-based 
B) prototype 
C) exemplar 
D) schema

Question 11

Give an example of a subordinate-,basic-,and superordinate-level concept related to something that you wear.

Accepted Answer

(For example)Superor

Question 12

When you go to a restaurant,you expect to be greeted by the hostess,have your order taken by the waiter,receive and eat your food,pay the check,and leave.This expectation is a ______.

Accepted Answer

A) prototype 
B) node 
C) script 
D) lexicon 
A) prototype 
B) node 
C) script 
D) lexicon

Question 13

Which of the following is most similar to how we think about the mental representation of "essences" under the view of psychological essentialism?

Accepted Answer

A) environment 
B) DNA 
C) memory 
D) IQ 
A) environment 
B) DNA 
C) memory 
D) IQ

Question 14

From a historical perspective,which of the following models of concepts can trace its roots to the Greek philosopher Aristotle?

Accepted Answer

A) prototype theory 
B) exemplar theory 
C) knowledge-based view 
D) classical view 
A) prototype theory 
B) exemplar theory 
C) knowledge-based view 
D) classical view

Question 15

Properties and facts are stored at the highest level possible,according to the principle of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) encoding specificity 
B) connectionism 
C) cognitive economy 
D) typicality 
A) encoding specificity 
B) connectionism 
C) cognitive economy 
D) typicality

Which of the following poses a problem for the prototype view of concepts?

Concepts which are defined by their function in order to complete a task are most likely to be ______.

According to Medin (1989),you should make more accurate classifications based on the essence of a category if you ______.

Research conducted under the framework of "psychological essentialism" has suggested that we use ______ to classify natural-kind concepts.

Priming in lexical decision tasks may be explained by the idea of ______.

According to cognitive economy,you'd expect the greatest number of semantic connections to fall between nodes that are ______.

Give an example of each of the three memory stores in ACT theory.

The purpose of concepts can best be characterized as organizing our ______ of the world.

The ______ view of concepts argues that a person uses his/her theories about the way the world works to justify the classification of instances in the same category.

Give an example of a subordinate-,basic-,and superordinate-level concept related to something that you wear.

When you go to a restaurant,you expect to be greeted by the hostess,have your order taken by the waiter,receive and eat your food,pay the check,and leave.This expectation is a ______.

Which of the following is most similar to how we think about the mental representation of "essences" under the view of psychological essentialism?

From a historical perspective,which of the following models of concepts can trace its roots to the Greek philosopher Aristotle?

Properties and facts are stored at the highest level possible,according to the principle of ______.

Cognitive Psychology: History, methods, and Paradigms

The Brain: an Overview of Structure and Function

Perception: Recognizing Patterns and Objects

Attention: Deploying Cognitive Resources

Working Memory: Forming and Using New Memory Traces

Retrieving Memories From Long-Term Storage

The Reconstructive Nature of Memory

Visual Imagery and Spatial Cognition

Language

Thinking and Problem Solving

Reasoning and Decision Making

Cognitive Development Through Adolescence

Individual Differences in Cognition

Cognition in Cross-Cultural Perspective

Filters

Exam 8: Knowledge Representation: Storing and Organizing

Which of the following poses a problem for the prototype view of concepts?

Concepts which are defined by their function in order to complete a task are most likely to be ______.

According to Medin (1989),you should make more accurate classifications based on the essence of a category if you ______.

Research conducted under the framework of "psychological essentialism" has suggested that we use ______ to classify natural-kind concepts.

Priming in lexical decision tasks may be explained by the idea of ______.

According to cognitive economy,you'd expect the greatest number of semantic connections to fall between nodes that are ______.

Give an example of each of the three memory stores in ACT theory.

The purpose of concepts can best be characterized as organizing our ______ of the world.

The ______ view of concepts argues that a person uses his/her theories about the way the world works to justify the classification of instances in the same category.

Give an example of a subordinate-,basic-,and superordinate-level concept related to something that you wear.

When you go to a restaurant,you expect to be greeted by the hostess,have your order taken by the waiter,receive and eat your food,pay the check,and leave.This expectation is a ______.

Which of the following is most similar to how we think about the mental representation of "essences" under the view of psychological essentialism?

From a historical perspective,which of the following models of concepts can trace its roots to the Greek philosopher Aristotle?

Properties and facts are stored at the highest level possible,according to the principle of ______.

Cognitive Psychology: History, methods, and Paradigms

The Brain: an Overview of Structure and Function

Perception: Recognizing Patterns and Objects

Attention: Deploying Cognitive Resources

Working Memory: Forming and Using New Memory Traces

Retrieving Memories From Long-Term Storage

The Reconstructive Nature of Memory

Visual Imagery and Spatial Cognition

Language

Thinking and Problem Solving

Reasoning and Decision Making

Cognitive Development Through Adolescence

Individual Differences in Cognition

Cognition in Cross-Cultural Perspective

Filters