Question 1

What does the PR interval viewed on a normal electrocardiogram represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atrial depolarization 
B)  Ventricular depolarization 
C)  The onset of atrial activation to onset of ventricular activity 
D)  The "electrical systole" of the ventricles 
A)  Atrial depolarization 
B)  Ventricular depolarization 
C)  The onset of atrial activation to onset of ventricular activity 
D)  The "electrical systole" of the ventricles

Question 2

A 13-year-old took a weight loss drug that activated the sympathetic nervous system. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased myocardial contraction 
B)  Decreased heart rate 
C)  Increased cardiac conduction 
D)  Increased intranodal conduction time 
A)  Decreased myocardial contraction 
B)  Decreased heart rate 
C)  Increased cardiac conduction 
D)  Increased intranodal conduction time

Question 3

What is the nurse monitoring when observing the QRS complex on the electrocardiogram?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ventricular activity 
B)  Pulmonary artery closure 
C)  Mitral valve opening 
D)  Aortic valve closing 
A)  Ventricular activity 
B)  Pulmonary artery closure 
C)  Mitral valve opening 
D)  Aortic valve closing

Question 4

The cardiac electrical impulse normally begins spontaneously in the sinoatrial (SA) node because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  has a superior location in the right atrium. 
B)  is the only area of the heart capable of spontaneous depolarization. 
C)  has rich sympathetic innervation via the vagus nerve. 
D)  depolarizes between -50 and -60 mV, rather than between -60 and-70 mV. 
A)  has a superior location in the right atrium. 
B)  is the only area of the heart capable of spontaneous depolarization. 
C)  has rich sympathetic innervation via the vagus nerve. 
D)  depolarizes between -50 and -60 mV, rather than between -60 and-70 mV.

Question 5

What is the process by which an action potential in a myocardial cell triggers the contraction of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Electrocontraction 
B)  Intercalated communication 
C)  Excitation-contraction coupling 
D)  Myosin communication 
A)  Electrocontraction 
B)  Intercalated communication 
C)  Excitation-contraction coupling 
D)  Myosin communication

Question 6

A 20-year-old underwent an echocardiogram to assess chest pain. Results revealed a congenital defect in the papillary muscles. Which of the following would the nurse expect to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Closure of the semilunar valve 
B)  Backward expulsion of the atrioventricular valves 
C)  Closure of the atrioventricular valve 
D)  Backward expulsion of the semilunar valves 
A)  Closure of the semilunar valve 
B)  Backward expulsion of the atrioventricular valves 
C)  Closure of the atrioventricular valve 
D)  Backward expulsion of the semilunar valves

Question 7

Which structures act as anchors for the atrioventricular valves?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chordae tendineae 
B)  Great vessels 
C)  Coronary ostia 
D)  Trabeculae carneae 
A)  Chordae tendineae 
B)  Great vessels 
C)  Coronary ostia 
D)  Trabeculae carneae

Question 8

As a result of blockage in the pulmonary artery, blood would first back up into the:

Accepted Answer

A)  aorta. 
B)  left ventricle. 
C)  pulmonary veins. 
D)  right ventricle. 
A)  aorta. 
B)  left ventricle. 
C)  pulmonary veins. 
D)  right ventricle.

Question 9

What is one difference between cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cardiac muscle cells are arranged in branching networks. 
B)  Skeletal muscle cells have only one nucleus. 
C)  Only cardiac muscle cells appear striped. 
D)  Only skeletal muscle cells contain sarcomeres. 
A)  Cardiac muscle cells are arranged in branching networks. 
B)  Skeletal muscle cells have only one nucleus. 
C)  Only cardiac muscle cells appear striped. 
D)  Only skeletal muscle cells contain sarcomeres.

Question 10

Blood flow is affected by which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood viscosity 
B)  Blood vessel diameter 
C)  Blood pressure 
D)  Blood vessel length 
E)  Blood antibodies 
A)  Blood viscosity 
B)  Blood vessel diameter 
C)  Blood pressure 
D)  Blood vessel length 
E)  Blood antibodies

Question 11

A 50-year-old was prescribed a medication that acts as a negative inotrope. Which endogenous substances would be most similar?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetylcholine 
B)  Dopamine 
C)  Epinephrine 
D)  Thyroid hormone 
A)  Acetylcholine 
B)  Dopamine 
C)  Epinephrine 
D)  Thyroid hormone

Question 12

What represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarization?

Accepted Answer

A)  PR interval 
B)  QRS complex 
C)  QT interval 
D)  P wave 
A)  PR interval 
B)  QRS complex 
C)  QT interval 
D)  P wave

Question 13

What area of the sarcomere decreases when muscle contraction occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  The distance between Z lines 
B)  A band length 
C)  Z line length 
D)  I band distance 
A)  The distance between Z lines 
B)  A band length 
C)  Z line length 
D)  I band distance

Question 14

What is the pericardium?

Accepted Answer

A)  The outer muscular layer of the heart 
B)  The innermost layer of the heart chambers 
C)  A membranous sac that encloses the heart 
D)  The heart's fibrous skeleton 
A)  The outer muscular layer of the heart 
B)  The innermost layer of the heart chambers 
C)  A membranous sac that encloses the heart 
D)  The heart's fibrous skeleton

Question 15

A 28-year-old with seizure disorder has a vagus nerve stimulator implanted to help control seizure activity. Which result will the nurse expect to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased speed of cardiac cycle 
B)  Increased cardiac contractility 
C)  Decreased vasodilation 
D)  Decreased cardiac conduction 
A)  Increased speed of cardiac cycle 
B)  Increased cardiac contractility 
C)  Decreased vasodilation 
D)  Decreased cardiac conduction

Question 16

A 50-year-old received trauma to the chest that caused severe impairment of the primary pacemaker cells of the heart. Which of the following areas received the greatest damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atrioventricular (AV) node 
B)  Sinoatrial (S
A)  node 
C)  Bundle of His 
D)  Ventricles 
A)  Atrioventricular (AV) node 
B)  Sinoatrial (S
A)  node 
C)  Bundle of His 
D)  Ventricles

Question 17

Which structure would not receive an electrical impulse when the patient is experiencing a left bundle branch block?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atrioventricular (AV) node 
B)  Sinoatrial (S
A)  node 
C)  Bundle of His 
D)  The left ventricle 
A)  Atrioventricular (AV) node 
B)  Sinoatrial (S
A)  node 
C)  Bundle of His 
D)  The left ventricle

Question 18

What term describes the ability of an organ to adjust arteriole diameter to regulate its own blood flow?

Accepted Answer

A)  Venous regulation 
B)  Somatic regulation 
C)  Autoregulation 
D)  Metabolic regulation 
A)  Venous regulation 
B)  Somatic regulation 
C)  Autoregulation 
D)  Metabolic regulation

Exam 23: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

What does the PR interval viewed on a normal electrocardiogram represent?

A 13-year-old took a weight loss drug that activated the sympathetic nervous system. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect?

What is the nurse monitoring when observing the QRS complex on the electrocardiogram?

The cardiac electrical impulse normally begins spontaneously in the sinoatrial (SA) node because it:

What is the process by which an action potential in a myocardial cell triggers the contraction of the cell?

A 20-year-old underwent an echocardiogram to assess chest pain. Results revealed a congenital defect in the papillary muscles. Which of the following would the nurse expect to occur?

Which structures act as anchors for the atrioventricular valves?

As a result of blockage in the pulmonary artery, blood would first back up into the:

What is one difference between cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?

Blood flow is affected by which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A 50-year-old was prescribed a medication that acts as a negative inotrope. Which endogenous substances would be most similar?

What represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarization?

What area of the sarcomere decreases when muscle contraction occurs?

What is the pericardium?

A 28-year-old with seizure disorder has a vagus nerve stimulator implanted to help control seizure activity. Which result will the nurse expect to occur?

A 50-year-old received trauma to the chest that caused severe impairment of the primary pacemaker cells of the heart. Which of the following areas received the greatest damage?

Which structure would not receive an electrical impulse when the patient is experiencing a left bundle branch block?

What term describes the ability of an organ to adjust arteriole diameter to regulate its own blood flow?

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defence

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children and Adolescents

Structure and Function of the Neurological System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junction

Alterations of Neurological Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematological System

Alterations of Hematological Function

Alterations of Hematological Function in Children

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urological Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculo-Skeletal System

Alterations of Musculo-Skeletal Function

Alterations of Musculo-Skeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

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