Question 1

Flavor aversion does not occur in humans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The major neurotransmitter involved with reinforcement is norepinephrine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The belief that the laws of operant conditioning hold for many different species and situations has been supported by ______.

Accepted Answer

A) Skinner 
B) Bowles 
C) Timberlake 
D) Watson 
A) Skinner 
B) Bowles 
C) Timberlake 
D) Watson

Question 4

Deprivation ______.

Accepted Answer

A) reduces the activation of the lateral geniculate nucleus 
B) increases the level of dopamine 
C) arouses the medial forebrain bundle when there is an opportunity for reinforcement 
D) increases arousal in the nigrostriatal pathway when there is an opportunity for reinforcement 
A) reduces the activation of the lateral geniculate nucleus 
B) increases the level of dopamine 
C) arouses the medial forebrain bundle when there is an opportunity for reinforcement 
D) increases arousal in the nigrostriatal pathway when there is an opportunity for reinforcement

Question 5

Instinctive drift does not occur in ______.

Accepted Answer

A) pigs 
B) fish 
C) humans 
D) instinctive drift occurs in all of these organisms 
A) pigs 
B) fish 
C) humans 
D) instinctive drift occurs in all of these organisms

Question 6

When developing flavor aversions,organisms ______.

Accepted Answer

A) develop their aversion based on the salience of the stimulus 
B) only develop aversions to food 
C) only develop aversions to visual stimuli 
D) develop aversions to tactile information and food 
A) develop their aversion based on the salience of the stimulus 
B) only develop aversions to food 
C) only develop aversions to visual stimuli 
D) develop aversions to tactile information and food

Question 7

The instinctive means to avoid danger is called species-specific defense reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The concurrent interference view of flavor aversion learning claims that ______.

Accepted Answer

A) animals can only develop flavor aversions if they had once been made sick by consuming food 
B) animals can only develop a flavor aversion if the animal is not consumed other foods between the initial food and resulting illness 
C) a sensitivity period exists for the learning of flavor aversions 
D) flavor aversions are learned on the basis of operant,not Pavlovian conditioning principles 
A) animals can only develop flavor aversions if they had once been made sick by consuming food 
B) animals can only develop a flavor aversion if the animal is not consumed other foods between the initial food and resulting illness 
C) a sensitivity period exists for the learning of flavor aversions 
D) flavor aversions are learned on the basis of operant,not Pavlovian conditioning principles

Question 9

Hungry rats drink excessive amounts of water in situations such as fixed-interval schedules with the availability of food is predictable.However,they will avoid drinking ethanol just as they do in other situations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Kalat and Rozin proposed a model of flavor aversion learning which claims that ______.

Accepted Answer

A) visual cues in the conditioning situation are used by the animal to predict whether the food is safe 
B) animals develop a preference to avoid the taste of any food as they continue to eat the food 
C) when an animal eats of food and no illness occurs,it learns that the food can be safely eaten 
D) animals must have previous experience with the source of food before they can learn to avoid it 
A) visual cues in the conditioning situation are used by the animal to predict whether the food is safe 
B) animals develop a preference to avoid the taste of any food as they continue to eat the food 
C) when an animal eats of food and no illness occurs,it learns that the food can be safely eaten 
D) animals must have previous experience with the source of food before they can learn to avoid it

Question 11

What is a predisposition?

Accepted Answer

A) instances where animals are constrained by their environment 
B) instances where an animal learns more rapidly or in a different form than expected 
C) instances where animals learn more slowly than is expected 
D) instances where animals learn in the same form 
A) instances where animals are constrained by their environment 
B) instances where an animal learns more rapidly or in a different form than expected 
C) instances where animals learn more slowly than is expected 
D) instances where animals learn in the same form

Question 12

If tart cherry juice has a bitter/sour taste,why would a person drink this substance when they wake up in the morning?

Accepted Answer

A) It is sweet. 
B) It contains a substance that causes you to like it. 
C) It has positive nutritional consequences. 
D) It creates an association for other conditioned stimuli. 
A) It is sweet. 
B) It contains a substance that causes you to like it. 
C) It has positive nutritional consequences. 
D) It creates an association for other conditioned stimuli.

Question 13

According to Bolles,the particular species-specific defense response that will be shown by a rat is determined by ______.

Accepted Answer

A) its previous learning history 
B) the type of environmental danger confronting the rat 
C) individual differences in inherited tendencies 
D) none of these are correct 
A) its previous learning history 
B) the type of environmental danger confronting the rat 
C) individual differences in inherited tendencies 
D) none of these are correct

Question 14

Why do operant psychologists believe that bar pressing is a good technique to use in examining behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) because it takes a while to learn 
B) because the animal comes into the conditioning situation without any past experience 
C) because animals bar press naturally 
D) because animals associate the bar press with other behaviors 
A) because it takes a while to learn 
B) because the animal comes into the conditioning situation without any past experience 
C) because animals bar press naturally 
D) because animals associate the bar press with other behaviors

Question 15

Animal misbehavior is due to ______.

Accepted Answer

A) operant conditioning only 
B) classical conditioning only 
C) classical and operant conditioning occurring together 
D) learning selectivity 
A) operant conditioning only 
B) classical conditioning only 
C) classical and operant conditioning occurring together 
D) learning selectivity

Question 16

Which schedule is potentially responsible for some individuals' excessive consumption of alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A) ratio schedules 
B) interval schedules 
C) both ratio and interval schedules 
D) DRH schedules. 
A) ratio schedules 
B) interval schedules 
C) both ratio and interval schedules 
D) DRH schedules.

Question 17

In the behavior systems approach,the assumption is made that ______.

Accepted Answer

A) organisms are born with no knowledge,therefore all knowledge must be acquired based on experience 
B) learning modifies a preexisting set of instinctual behavior patterns 
C) class: instrumental conditioning follows different principles of learning 
D) changes in behavior can be explained by general laws of learning 
A) organisms are born with no knowledge,therefore all knowledge must be acquired based on experience 
B) learning modifies a preexisting set of instinctual behavior patterns 
C) class: instrumental conditioning follows different principles of learning 
D) changes in behavior can be explained by general laws of learning

Question 18

The general laws of learning approach assumes ______.

Accepted Answer

A) learning is to enhance organization of behavior rather than create new organization 
B) learning functions to organize reflexes and random responses 
C) learning modifies preexisting instinctual systems 
D) none of these are correct 
A) learning is to enhance organization of behavior rather than create new organization 
B) learning functions to organize reflexes and random responses 
C) learning modifies preexisting instinctual systems 
D) none of these are correct

Question 19

Describe the process of imprinting.What are some variables that may impact it?

Accepted Answer

Imprinting is the social attachment bond

Question 20

Skinner observed that pigeons,when performing certain tasks,would often display ritualistic behaviors that were unnecessary for reinforcement.Skinner called these behaviors ______ behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A) interim 
B) superstitious 
C) terminal 
D) virtual 
A) interim 
B) superstitious 
C) terminal 
D) virtual

Flavor aversion does not occur in humans.

The major neurotransmitter involved with reinforcement is norepinephrine.

The belief that the laws of operant conditioning hold for many different species and situations has been supported by ______.

Deprivation ______.

Instinctive drift does not occur in ______.

When developing flavor aversions,organisms ______.

The instinctive means to avoid danger is called species-specific defense reactions.

The concurrent interference view of flavor aversion learning claims that ______.

Hungry rats drink excessive amounts of water in situations such as fixed-interval schedules with the availability of food is predictable.However,they will avoid drinking ethanol just as they do in other situations.

Kalat and Rozin proposed a model of flavor aversion learning which claims that ______.

What is a predisposition?

If tart cherry juice has a bitter/sour taste,why would a person drink this substance when they wake up in the morning?

According to Bolles,the particular species-specific defense response that will be shown by a rat is determined by ______.

Why do operant psychologists believe that bar pressing is a good technique to use in examining behavior?

Animal misbehavior is due to ______.

Which schedule is potentially responsible for some individuals' excessive consumption of alcohol?

In the behavior systems approach,the assumption is made that ______.

The general laws of learning approach assumes ______.

Describe the process of imprinting.What are some variables that may impact it?

Skinner observed that pigeons,when performing certain tasks,would often display ritualistic behaviors that were unnecessary for reinforcement.Skinner called these behaviors ______ behaviors.

An Introduction to Learning

The Modification of Instinctive Behavior

Principles and Applications of Pavlovian Conditioning

Theories of Pavlovian Conditioning

Principles and Applications of Appetitive Conditioning

Principles and Applications of Aversive Conditioning

Theories of Appetitive and Aversive Conditioning

Traditional Learning Theories

Stimulus Control of Behavior

Cognitive Control of Behavior

The Storage of Our Experiences

Memory Retrieval and Forgetting

Filters

Exam 8: Biological Influences on Learning

Flavor aversion does not occur in humans.

The major neurotransmitter involved with reinforcement is norepinephrine.

The belief that the laws of operant conditioning hold for many different species and situations has been supported by ______.

Deprivation ______.

Instinctive drift does not occur in ______.

When developing flavor aversions,organisms ______.

The instinctive means to avoid danger is called species-specific defense reactions.

The concurrent interference view of flavor aversion learning claims that ______.

Hungry rats drink excessive amounts of water in situations such as fixed-interval schedules with the availability of food is predictable.However,they will avoid drinking ethanol just as they do in other situations.

Kalat and Rozin proposed a model of flavor aversion learning which claims that ______.

What is a predisposition?

If tart cherry juice has a bitter/sour taste,why would a person drink this substance when they wake up in the morning?

According to Bolles,the particular species-specific defense response that will be shown by a rat is determined by ______.

Why do operant psychologists believe that bar pressing is a good technique to use in examining behavior?

Animal misbehavior is due to ______.

Which schedule is potentially responsible for some individuals' excessive consumption of alcohol?

In the behavior systems approach,the assumption is made that ______.

The general laws of learning approach assumes ______.

Describe the process of imprinting.What are some variables that may impact it?

Skinner observed that pigeons,when performing certain tasks,would often display ritualistic behaviors that were unnecessary for reinforcement.Skinner called these behaviors ______ behaviors.

An Introduction to Learning

The Modification of Instinctive Behavior

Principles and Applications of Pavlovian Conditioning

Theories of Pavlovian Conditioning

Principles and Applications of Appetitive Conditioning

Principles and Applications of Aversive Conditioning

Theories of Appetitive and Aversive Conditioning

Traditional Learning Theories

Stimulus Control of Behavior

Cognitive Control of Behavior

The Storage of Our Experiences

Memory Retrieval and Forgetting

Filters