Exam 7: Language Development

__________,an approach to educating students whose first language is not English,initially teaches the curriculum in the student's native language while the child is learning English.

What is the systematic,meaningful arrangement of symbols for the purposes of communication also known as?

The __________ hypothesis suggests that language provides categories that help children construct perceptions of people and events in their surroundings.

Which theorist proposed the linguistic relativity hypothesis?

The __________ approach to language acquisition posits that children are born with the innate capacity to use language,which emerges as they mature.

In infant-directed speech,parents tend to use twice as many __________ with their daughters than with their sons.

Which theory proposes that language acquisition follows the basic laws of reinforcement and conditioning?

When school-age children become more competent with the rules governing the use of language to communicate in a given social setting,they are demonstrating knowledge of __________.

What are semantics?

The use of rising pitch,singsong intonation,repetitive sounds,and short,simple sentences are all characteristics of __________.

Which term is used for speech directed toward another person and meant to be understood by that person?

Vygotsky believed that by age 2,the development of thought and language have become __________.

At approximately what age can a child first follow the principles of grammar most of the time?

Describe the sequence of language development during the first two years,and give an example of each type of communication.Why does this sequence develop in this way?

The ability to use language to communicate is also known by what term?

Allison is sitting in her high chair while her father prepares her dinner.Allison tries to get her father's attention by saying "eat" and "cookie." What are Allison's words an example of?

At what age does babbling first appear?

When a young child learns how to take turns in conversation,stay on topic,and give appropriate responses such as "please" and "thank you," what is the child demonstrating knowledge of?

__________ is a universal phenomenon in which infants spontaneously produce all of the sounds from every language.

What do the learning theory approach and the interactionist approach to language development both have in common?