Question 1

How does experience with material to be remembered affect the capacity of short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A) Experience allows information to pass directly from sensory memory to long-term memory,thereby making short-term memory unnecessary. 
B) Experience acts as a perceptual filter to "weed out" irrelevant information from short-term memory. 
C) Experience speeds the transmission of information from long-term memory to short-term memory,and from there to behavior. 
D) Experience provides the ability to chunk information,and efficiently chunked information is more easily retained in short-term memory. 
A) Experience allows information to pass directly from sensory memory to long-term memory,thereby making short-term memory unnecessary. 
B) Experience acts as a perceptual filter to "weed out" irrelevant information from short-term memory. 
C) Experience speeds the transmission of information from long-term memory to short-term memory,and from there to behavior. 
D) Experience provides the ability to chunk information,and efficiently chunked information is more easily retained in short-term memory. D

Question 2

Which of the following is a critical thinking skill?

Accepted Answer

A) identifying and questioning assumptions in statements 
B) using intuition to provide simple answers to complex questions 
C) memorizing spellings of a list of words 
D) following directions to a location 
A) identifying and questioning assumptions in statements 
B) using intuition to provide simple answers to complex questions 
C) memorizing spellings of a list of words 
D) following directions to a location A

Question 3

__________ is the ability to allocate attentional resources based on desired goals.

Accepted Answer

A) Planning 
B) Attention 
C) Control 
D) Strategy 
A) Planning 
B) Attention 
C) Control 
D) Strategy A

Question 4

Describe how the information processing approach to cognitive development utilizes computer metaphors.

Accepted Answer

A good answer would include the followin

Question 5

Danica is told that red wine is best served at body temperature,about 96 degrees Fahrenheit."I don't know much about wine," she replied,"but that seems a little warm to me.I'm going to double-check that information with my cousin Luther,the sommelier." What important skill is Danica demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

A) metacognition 
B) critical thinking 
C) whole-concept processing 
D) metamemory 
A) metacognition 
B) critical thinking 
C) whole-concept processing 
D) metamemory

Question 6

Which principle is an ingredient of critical thinking?

Accepted Answer

A) recognizing the context of information 
B) acknowledging the prestige of an authority 
C) accepting assumptions 
D) being argumentative 
A) recognizing the context of information 
B) acknowledging the prestige of an authority 
C) accepting assumptions 
D) being argumentative

Question 7

Which principle is an ingredient of critical thinking?

Accepted Answer

A) determining factual accuracy 
B) having an accepting disposition 
C) seeking confirmatory examples of a claim 
D) acknowledging the prestige of an authority 
A) determining factual accuracy 
B) having an accepting disposition 
C) seeking confirmatory examples of a claim 
D) acknowledging the prestige of an authority

Question 8

Compared with other approaches,the information processing approach pays more attention to __________.

Accepted Answer

A) social and cultural factors in development 
B) drawing a comprehensive picture of child development 
C) the workings of memory,attention,and other mental activities 
D) interior human processes,such as hopes and aspirations 
A) social and cultural factors in development 
B) drawing a comprehensive picture of child development 
C) the workings of memory,attention,and other mental activities 
D) interior human processes,such as hopes and aspirations

Question 9

How would a developmentalist most likely conceptualize "planning?"

Accepted Answer

A) the ability to verbalize one's wants and desires 
B) the capacity to prioritize interactions over objects 
C) successfully meeting daily challenges 
D) the ability to allocate attention based on desired goals 
A) the ability to verbalize one's wants and desires 
B) the capacity to prioritize interactions over objects 
C) successfully meeting daily challenges 
D) the ability to allocate attention based on desired goals

Question 10

Which term describes a memory of particular events from one's own life?

Accepted Answer

A) picture memory 
B) visual memory 
C) autobiographical memory 
D) biographical memory 
A) picture memory 
B) visual memory 
C) autobiographical memory 
D) biographical memory

Question 11

In general,researchers believe that,compared to memory processing in adults,memory processing in young children is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) more efficient for short-term,but less efficient for long-term,memory 
B) generally similar 
C) reliant on different components of memory 
D) qualitatively different 
A) more efficient for short-term,but less efficient for long-term,memory 
B) generally similar 
C) reliant on different components of memory 
D) qualitatively different

Question 12

Compared with code-based approaches to reading instruction,whole-language approaches focus more on __________.

Accepted Answer

A) making context-based guesses about word meanings 
B) sounding out letters and words to discover meaning 
C) using reading resources written specifically for beginners 
D) familiarizing learners with the rules of spelling and pronunciation 
A) making context-based guesses about word meanings 
B) sounding out letters and words to discover meaning 
C) using reading resources written specifically for beginners 
D) familiarizing learners with the rules of spelling and pronunciation

Question 13

The key difference between information processing and Piagetian approaches is that information processing approaches focus on __________.

Accepted Answer

A) a smaller and less distinct number of stages 
B) lifelong rather than infant development 
C) permanent rather than temporary changes 
D) quantitative rather than qualitative changes 
A) a smaller and less distinct number of stages 
B) lifelong rather than infant development 
C) permanent rather than temporary changes 
D) quantitative rather than qualitative changes

Question 14

Which term refers to the placement of material into memory?

Accepted Answer

A) storage 
B) automatization 
C) encoding 
D) retrieval 
A) storage 
B) automatization 
C) encoding 
D) retrieval

Question 15

Larry was daydreaming the day his first grade teacher presented the math lesson that 5 + 5 = 10.Later,Larry was not able to recall this information,most likely because of which disruption?

Accepted Answer

A) He never understood it. 
B) He never encoded it. 
C) He never rehearsed it. 
D) He never visualized it. 
A) He never understood it. 
B) He never encoded it. 
C) He never rehearsed it. 
D) He never visualized it.

Question 16

Which term describes the lack of memory for experiences that occurred in infancy?

Accepted Answer

A) memory decay 
B) infantile amnesia 
C) storage absence 
D) retrieval failure 
A) memory decay 
B) infantile amnesia 
C) storage absence 
D) retrieval failure

Question 17

Where is information held in memory for 15 to 25 seconds?

Accepted Answer

A) short-term memory 
B) sequential memory 
C) sensory storage 
D) long-term memory 
A) short-term memory 
B) sequential memory 
C) sensory storage 
D) long-term memory

Question 18

Which approach to reading instruction is most effective,based on substantial research evidence?

Accepted Answer

A) whole-language approaches 
B) sound-symbol approaches 
C) phonetic-fluency approaches 
D) code-based approaches 
A) whole-language approaches 
B) sound-symbol approaches 
C) phonetic-fluency approaches 
D) code-based approaches

Question 19

Wilson is told that all dogs descended from wolves."Hmm," he replied,"so that means that puppies should show a preference for staying in packs and for eating meat." What important skill has Wilson successfully applied to the information he received?

Accepted Answer

A) code-based processing 
B) metamemory 
C) whole-concept processing 
D) critical thinking 
A) code-based processing 
B) metamemory 
C) whole-concept processing 
D) critical thinking

Question 20

When questioned repeatedly,children are likely to describe with confidence events and situations that never happened.These descriptions are referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

A) childhood exaggerations 
B) infantile distortions 
C) false memories 
D) creative recollections 
A) childhood exaggerations 
B) infantile distortions 
C) false memories 
D) creative recollections

How does experience with material to be remembered affect the capacity of short-term memory?

Which of the following is a critical thinking skill?

__________ is the ability to allocate attentional resources based on desired goals.

Describe how the information processing approach to cognitive development utilizes computer metaphors.

Danica is told that red wine is best served at body temperature,about 96 degrees Fahrenheit."I don't know much about wine," she replied,"but that seems a little warm to me.I'm going to double-check that information with my cousin Luther,the sommelier." What important skill is Danica demonstrating?

Which principle is an ingredient of critical thinking?

Which principle is an ingredient of critical thinking?

Compared with other approaches,the information processing approach pays more attention to __________.

How would a developmentalist most likely conceptualize "planning?"

Which term describes a memory of particular events from one's own life?

In general,researchers believe that,compared to memory processing in adults,memory processing in young children is __________.

Compared with code-based approaches to reading instruction,whole-language approaches focus more on __________.

The key difference between information processing and Piagetian approaches is that information processing approaches focus on __________.

Which term refers to the placement of material into memory?

Larry was daydreaming the day his first grade teacher presented the math lesson that 5 + 5 = 10.Later,Larry was not able to recall this information,most likely because of which disruption?

Which term describes the lack of memory for experiences that occurred in infancy?

Where is information held in memory for 15 to 25 seconds?

Which approach to reading instruction is most effective,based on substantial research evidence?

Wilson is told that all dogs descended from wolves."Hmm," he replied,"so that means that puppies should show a preference for staying in packs and for eating meat." What important skill has Wilson successfully applied to the information he received?

When questioned repeatedly,children are likely to describe with confidence events and situations that never happened.These descriptions are referred to as __________.

An Orientation to Lifespan Development

Genetics, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Physical Growth and Aging Across the Life Span

Health and Wellness

Cognitive Growth: Piaget and Vygotsky

Language Development

Intelligence

Social and Emotional Development

Development of the Self

Moral Development and Aggression

Gender and Sexuality

Friends and Family

Schooling, Culture, and Society: Living in a Multicultural World

Death and Dying

Filters

Exam 6: Cognitive Growth: Information Processing Approaches

How does experience with material to be remembered affect the capacity of short-term memory?

Which of the following is a critical thinking skill?

__________ is the ability to allocate attentional resources based on desired goals.

Describe how the information processing approach to cognitive development utilizes computer metaphors.

Danica is told that red wine is best served at body temperature,about 96 degrees Fahrenheit."I don't know much about wine," she replied,"but that seems a little warm to me.I'm going to double-check that information with my cousin Luther,the sommelier." What important skill is Danica demonstrating?

Which principle is an ingredient of critical thinking?

Which principle is an ingredient of critical thinking?

Compared with other approaches,the information processing approach pays more attention to __________.

How would a developmentalist most likely conceptualize "planning?"

Which term describes a memory of particular events from one's own life?

In general,researchers believe that,compared to memory processing in adults,memory processing in young children is __________.

Compared with code-based approaches to reading instruction,whole-language approaches focus more on __________.

The key difference between information processing and Piagetian approaches is that information processing approaches focus on __________.

Which term refers to the placement of material into memory?

Larry was daydreaming the day his first grade teacher presented the math lesson that 5 + 5 = 10.Later,Larry was not able to recall this information,most likely because of which disruption?

Which term describes the lack of memory for experiences that occurred in infancy?

Where is information held in memory for 15 to 25 seconds?

Which approach to reading instruction is most effective,based on substantial research evidence?

Wilson is told that all dogs descended from wolves."Hmm," he replied,"so that means that puppies should show a preference for staying in packs and for eating meat." What important skill has Wilson successfully applied to the information he received?

When questioned repeatedly,children are likely to describe with confidence events and situations that never happened.These descriptions are referred to as __________.

An Orientation to Lifespan Development

Genetics, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Physical Growth and Aging Across the Life Span

Health and Wellness

Cognitive Growth: Piaget and Vygotsky

Language Development

Intelligence

Social and Emotional Development

Development of the Self

Moral Development and Aggression

Gender and Sexuality

Friends and Family

Schooling, Culture, and Society: Living in a Multicultural World

Death and Dying

Filters