Question 1

Arrival of an action potential at an axon terminal ultimately results in the release of ________ into the synaptic cleft.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Arrival of an action potential at an...

Question 2

Use the figure above to match the events of action potential propagation with when they occur on the graph (labeled A through D).
-the membrane has repolarized

Accepted Answer

The answer of  
Use the figure above to match...

Question 3

Match the following types of neurons with their descriptions.
-transmit impulses away from the central nervous system

Accepted Answer

A) motor neurons 
B) sensory neurons 
C) interneurons 
A) motor neurons 
B) sensory neurons 
C) interneurons

Question 4

All of the following are functions of the myelin sheath EXCEPT which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  The myelin sheath speeds up transmission of action potentials. 
B)  The myelin sheath insulates a neuron and saves the neuron energy. 
C)  The myelin sheath plays an important role in synaptic transmission. 
D)  The myelin sheath is involved in the repair of damaged neurons in the peripheral nervous system. 
A)  The myelin sheath speeds up transmission of action potentials. 
B)  The myelin sheath insulates a neuron and saves the neuron energy. 
C)  The myelin sheath plays an important role in synaptic transmission. 
D)  The myelin sheath is involved in the repair of damaged neurons in the peripheral nervous system.

Question 5

Excitatory neurotransmitters encourage the generation of new electrical impulses by which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating saltatory conduction 
B)  stimulating depolarization of postsynaptic neurons 
C)  inhibiting postsynaptic neurons from repolarizing 
D)  inhibiting presynaptic neurons from depolarizing 
E)  stimulating depolarization of presynaptic neurons 
A)  stimulating saltatory conduction 
B)  stimulating depolarization of postsynaptic neurons 
C)  inhibiting postsynaptic neurons from repolarizing 
D)  inhibiting presynaptic neurons from depolarizing 
E)  stimulating depolarization of presynaptic neurons

Question 6

The strength and duration of a stimulus determine the amplitude of an action potential.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

During periods of stress or increased activity, the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system predominates; during periods of rest, the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system predominates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Saltatory conduction is

Accepted Answer

A)  the process of conduction leaping along myelinated neurons. 
B)  an action potential generated in taste receptors or buds. 
C)  the movement of neurotransmitters across a synaptic cleft. 
D)  the activation of the fight-or-flight response. 
E)  the movement of an electrical impulse from the dendrite to an axon. 
A)  the process of conduction leaping along myelinated neurons. 
B)  an action potential generated in taste receptors or buds. 
C)  the movement of neurotransmitters across a synaptic cleft. 
D)  the activation of the fight-or-flight response. 
E)  the movement of an electrical impulse from the dendrite to an axon.

Question 9

Motor neurons of the peripheral nervous system transmit impulses away from the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which component of the nervous system is divided into the somatic and autonomic divisions?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory 
B)  peripheral 
C)  motor 
D)  central 
E)  parasympathetic 
A)  sensory 
B)  peripheral 
C)  motor 
D)  central 
E)  parasympathetic

Question 11

Removal of the ________ would prevent any type of decision making.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Removal of the ________ would prevent any...

Question 12

Which one of the following is NOT directly involved in the production of a typical spinal reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)  brain 
B)  sensory neuron 
C)  motor neuron 
D)  interneuron 
E)  stimulus 
A)  brain 
B)  sensory neuron 
C)  motor neuron 
D)  interneuron 
E)  stimulus

Question 13

Match each of the following disorders associated with the nervous system with its description.
-condition characterized by seizures and abnormal periods of brain electrical activity

Accepted Answer

A) Parkinson's disease 
B) epilepsy 
C) meningitis 
D) multiple sclerosis 
E) encephalitis 
A) Parkinson's disease 
B) epilepsy 
C) meningitis 
D) multiple sclerosis 
E) encephalitis

Question 14

During which one of the following phases of an action potential do the sodium channels close and potassium channels open, releasing potassium from the neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  depolarization 
B)  reestablishment of resting potential 
C)  saltatory propagation 
D)  both depolarization and repolarization 
E)  repolarization 
A)  depolarization 
B)  reestablishment of resting potential 
C)  saltatory propagation 
D)  both depolarization and repolarization 
E)  repolarization

Question 15

Match each of the following disorders associated with the nervous system with its description.
-progressive, degenerative disorder caused by a shortage of dopamine in the brain; symptoms include muscle tremors in hands and feet and an eventual loss of mobility

Accepted Answer

A) Parkinson's disease 
B) epilepsy 
C) meningitis 
D) multiple sclerosis 
E) encephalitis 
A) Parkinson's disease 
B) epilepsy 
C) meningitis 
D) multiple sclerosis 
E) encephalitis

Question 16

There are several toxins that interfere with synaptic transmission. Botulism toxin, for example, interferes with the fusion of acetylcholine-containing vesicles with the membrane of the axon bulb. This would result in which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  blockage of Ca2+ diffusion into the axon 
B)  slow diffusion of the neurotransmitter across the synaptic cleft 
C)  inability of neurotransmitter to bind the receptor on the postsynaptic membrane 
D)  blocking of neurotransmitter release by the presynaptic membrane 
E)  hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane 
A)  blockage of Ca2+ diffusion into the axon 
B)  slow diffusion of the neurotransmitter across the synaptic cleft 
C)  inability of neurotransmitter to bind the receptor on the postsynaptic membrane 
D)  blocking of neurotransmitter release by the presynaptic membrane 
E)  hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane

Question 17

When repolarization is occurring during an action potential, ________ channels are closed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When repolarization is occurring during an action...

Question 18

The phrase all-or-none response describes a neuron-generated action potential. Explain what is meant by this phrase.

Accepted Answer

Action potentials are produced when the

Question 19

Which one of the following provides the central nervous system with information about the outside environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  motor division 
B)  sympathetic division 
C)  parasympathetic division 
D)  sensory division 
E)  autonomic division 
A)  motor division 
B)  sympathetic division 
C)  parasympathetic division 
D)  sensory division 
E)  autonomic division

Question 20

Which one of the following occurs with each cycle of the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium is moved into the cell, creating a net negative charge outside the cell. 
B)  The net effect is removal of one osmotic particle and one positive charge from inside the cell. 
C)  The net effect is removal of one osmotic particle and one negative charge from inside the cell. 
D)  The inside of the cell becomes more negative as potassium is pumped out. 
E)  Two potassium ions and three sodium ions are pumped out of the cell. 
A)  Sodium is moved into the cell, creating a net negative charge outside the cell. 
B)  The net effect is removal of one osmotic particle and one positive charge from inside the cell. 
C)  The net effect is removal of one osmotic particle and one negative charge from inside the cell. 
D)  The inside of the cell becomes more negative as potassium is pumped out. 
E)  Two potassium ions and three sodium ions are pumped out of the cell.

Exam 11: The Nervous System: Integration and Control

Arrival of an action potential at an axon terminal ultimately results in the release of ________ into the synaptic cleft.

Use the figure above to match the events of action potential propagation with when they occur on the graph (labeled A through D). -the membrane has repolarized

Match the following types of neurons with their descriptions. -transmit impulses away from the central nervous system

All of the following are functions of the myelin sheath EXCEPT which one?

Excitatory neurotransmitters encourage the generation of new electrical impulses by which one of the following?

The strength and duration of a stimulus determine the amplitude of an action potential.

During periods of stress or increased activity, the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system predominates; during periods of rest, the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system predominates.

Saltatory conduction is

Motor neurons of the peripheral nervous system transmit impulses away from the central nervous system.

Which component of the nervous system is divided into the somatic and autonomic divisions?

Removal of the ________ would prevent any type of decision making.

Which one of the following is NOT directly involved in the production of a typical spinal reflex?

Match each of the following disorders associated with the nervous system with its description. -condition characterized by seizures and abnormal periods of brain electrical activity

During which one of the following phases of an action potential do the sodium channels close and potassium channels open, releasing potassium from the neuron?

Match each of the following disorders associated with the nervous system with its description. -progressive, degenerative disorder caused by a shortage of dopamine in the brain; symptoms include muscle tremors in hands and feet and an eventual loss of mobility

There are several toxins that interfere with synaptic transmission. Botulism toxin, for example, interferes with the fusion of acetylcholine-containing vesicles with the membrane of the axon bulb. This would result in which one of the following?

When repolarization is occurring during an action potential, ________ channels are closed.

The phrase all-or-none response describes a neuron-generated action potential. Explain what is meant by this phrase.

Which one of the following provides the central nervous system with information about the outside environment?

Which one of the following occurs with each cycle of the sodium-potassium pump?

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