Question 1

Match each of the following T lymphocytes to its description.
-primary target of HIV

Accepted Answer

A) helper T cells 
B) cytotoxic T cells 
C) memory T cells 
A) helper T cells 
B) cytotoxic T cells 
C) memory T cells

Question 2

Which of the following best describes Phase I of HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  T cell count of 100 per cubic millimeter of blood 
B)  presence of an opportunistic infection 
C)  swollen lymph nodes, chills, fever, body aches 
D)  onset of AIDS 
E)  absence of HIV antibodies 
A)  T cell count of 100 per cubic millimeter of blood 
B)  presence of an opportunistic infection 
C)  swollen lymph nodes, chills, fever, body aches 
D)  onset of AIDS 
E)  absence of HIV antibodies

Question 3

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the spleen?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is located in the lower portion of the thoracic cavity. 
B)  Red pulp of the spleen stores excess blood. 
C)  White pulp of the spleen contains macrophages that kill microorganisms circulating in the lymph. 
D)  Red pulp of the spleen contains primarily lymphocytes. 
E)  The spleen has the same functions as the tonsils. 
A)  It is located in the lower portion of the thoracic cavity. 
B)  Red pulp of the spleen stores excess blood. 
C)  White pulp of the spleen contains macrophages that kill microorganisms circulating in the lymph. 
D)  Red pulp of the spleen contains primarily lymphocytes. 
E)  The spleen has the same functions as the tonsils.

Question 4

Bacteria are classified as ________ cells because they do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacteria are classified as ________ cells because...

Question 5

The best way to defend the body from a viral infection is to prevent the infection by using a vaccine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Explain why passive immunization is not effective in producing long-term immunity.

Accepted Answer

Passive immunization involves administer

Question 7

Match each of the following disorders associated with the immune system to its description.
-an autoimmune disorder affecting connective tissue

Accepted Answer

A) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) 
B) severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCI
D)  
C) rheumatoid arthritis 
D) allergy 
E) lupus erythematosus 
A) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) 
B) severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCI
D)  
C) rheumatoid arthritis 
D) allergy 
E) lupus erythematosus

Question 8

Lymph nodes filter the blood and remove bacteria and other invading microorganisms that may have entered the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Chemicals released by macrophages that cause the onset of a fever are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Chemicals released by macrophages that cause the...

Question 10

The human body uses three lines of defense to protect against pathogens. Match each of the following categories of defense to the type of cell or mechanism involved in the defense. Answers may be used more than once.
-release of perforin and granzyme by cytotoxic cells

Accepted Answer

A) physical or chemical barrier 
B) specific defense mechanism 
C) nonspecific defense mechanism 
A) physical or chemical barrier 
B) specific defense mechanism 
C) nonspecific defense mechanism

Question 11

Helper T cells release ________, molecules that stimulate the activity of other T cells and macrophages; these chemicals stimulate inflammation as well.

Accepted Answer

lymphokines or cytok

Question 12

All of the following are involved in the inflammatory response EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  antibodies. 
B)  mast cells. 
C)  histamine. 
D)  basophils. 
E)  phagocytes. 
A)  antibodies. 
B)  mast cells. 
C)  histamine. 
D)  basophils. 
E)  phagocytes.

Question 13

Symptoms of an allergic reaction such as increased secretion of mucus, swelling, and pain are due to the release of ________ from mast cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Symptoms of an allergic reaction such as...

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are located only in the digestive tract and neck. 
B)  They remove microorganisms and abnormal cells from the lymph and return them to blood circulation. 
C)  Macrophages but not lymphocytes can be found within lymph nodes. 
D)  They filter lymph fluid, trapping microorganisms and abnormal cells. 
E)  Lymph flows from the lymph vessels to the urinary system. 
A)  They are located only in the digestive tract and neck. 
B)  They remove microorganisms and abnormal cells from the lymph and return them to blood circulation. 
C)  Macrophages but not lymphocytes can be found within lymph nodes. 
D)  They filter lymph fluid, trapping microorganisms and abnormal cells. 
E)  Lymph flows from the lymph vessels to the urinary system.

Question 15

The human body uses three lines of defense to protect against pathogens. Match each of the following categories of defense to the type of cell or mechanism involved in the defense. Answers may be used more than once.
-earwax

Accepted Answer

A) physical or chemical barrier 
B) specific defense mechanism 
C) nonspecific defense mechanism 
A) physical or chemical barrier 
B) specific defense mechanism 
C) nonspecific defense mechanism

Question 16

T cells are activated by macrophages and activated B cells, which fulfill this role by acting as ________.

Accepted Answer

antigen-pr

Question 17

Bacteria are helpful to humans in many ways, including all of the following EXCEPT which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  production of antibiotics 
B)  breakdown of raw sewage 
C)  digestion of cellulose in the human intestine 
D)  production of soy sauce 
E)  production of vitamins for the human body 
A)  production of antibiotics 
B)  breakdown of raw sewage 
C)  digestion of cellulose in the human intestine 
D)  production of soy sauce 
E)  production of vitamins for the human body

Question 18

Which one of the following is correct regarding the structure of an antibody?

Accepted Answer

A)  An antibody is made up of two polypeptide chains linked by hydrogen bonds. 
B)  The four polypeptide chains that make up an antibody molecule are linked by disulfide bonds. 
C)  The constant regions of the polypeptides in an antibody form antigen-binding sites. 
D)  Only one polypeptide in an antibody has a constant region and a variable region. 
E)  The polypeptides making up an antibody are connected by hydrogen bonds. 
A)  An antibody is made up of two polypeptide chains linked by hydrogen bonds. 
B)  The four polypeptide chains that make up an antibody molecule are linked by disulfide bonds. 
C)  The constant regions of the polypeptides in an antibody form antigen-binding sites. 
D)  Only one polypeptide in an antibody has a constant region and a variable region. 
E)  The polypeptides making up an antibody are connected by hydrogen bonds.

Question 19

The human body uses three lines of defense to protect against pathogens. Match each of the following categories of defense to the type of cell or mechanism involved in the defense. Answers may be used more than once.
-natural killer cells

Accepted Answer

A) physical or chemical barrier 
B) specific defense mechanism 
C) nonspecific defense mechanism 
A) physical or chemical barrier 
B) specific defense mechanism 
C) nonspecific defense mechanism

Question 20

Match each component of the lymphatic system to its function.
-secretes hormones important in the maturation of T cells

Accepted Answer

A) tonsil 
B) lymphatic vessel 
C) spleen 
D) lymph node 
E) thymus 
A) tonsil 
B) lymphatic vessel 
C) spleen 
D) lymph node 
E) thymus

Exam 9: The Immune System and Mechanisms of Defense

Match each of the following T lymphocytes to its description. -primary target of HIV

Which of the following best describes Phase I of HIV infection?

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the spleen?

Bacteria are classified as ________ cells because they do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.

The best way to defend the body from a viral infection is to prevent the infection by using a vaccine.

Explain why passive immunization is not effective in producing long-term immunity.

Match each of the following disorders associated with the immune system to its description. -an autoimmune disorder affecting connective tissue

Lymph nodes filter the blood and remove bacteria and other invading microorganisms that may have entered the bloodstream.

Chemicals released by macrophages that cause the onset of a fever are called ________.

The human body uses three lines of defense to protect against pathogens. Match each of the following categories of defense to the type of cell or mechanism involved in the defense. Answers may be used more than once. -release of perforin and granzyme by cytotoxic cells

Helper T cells release ________, molecules that stimulate the activity of other T cells and macrophages; these chemicals stimulate inflammation as well.

All of the following are involved in the inflammatory response EXCEPT

Symptoms of an allergic reaction such as increased secretion of mucus, swelling, and pain are due to the release of ________ from mast cells.

Which of the following is TRUE regarding lymph nodes?

The human body uses three lines of defense to protect against pathogens. Match each of the following categories of defense to the type of cell or mechanism involved in the defense. Answers may be used more than once. -earwax

T cells are activated by macrophages and activated B cells, which fulfill this role by acting as ________.

Bacteria are helpful to humans in many ways, including all of the following EXCEPT which one?

Which one of the following is correct regarding the structure of an antibody?

The human body uses three lines of defense to protect against pathogens. Match each of the following categories of defense to the type of cell or mechanism involved in the defense. Answers may be used more than once. -natural killer cells

Match each component of the lymphatic system to its function. -secretes hormones important in the maturation of T cells

Human Biology, Science, and Society

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Structure and Function of Cells

From Cells to Organ Systems

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Heart and Blood Vessels

The Respiratory System: Exchange of Gases

The Nervous System: Integration and Control

Sensory Mechanisms

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Cell Reproduction and Differentiation

Cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Division and Differentiation

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Evolution and the Origins of Life

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