Question 1

Louis receives a new soccer ball and begins to dribble it in the same way he dribbles his basketball. His dribbling of the new ball reflects Piaget's concept of:

Accepted Answer

A) Concrete operations. 
B) Accommodation. 
C) Cognitive structure. 
D) Assimilation. 
A) Concrete operations. 
B) Accommodation. 
C) Cognitive structure. 
D) Assimilation.

Question 2

You have referred the following four students to the school psychologist for evaluation. Which student is the psychologist most likely to identify as having an intellectual disability?

Accepted Answer

A) Matthew has difficulty in math but performs at grade level in reading,spelling,and writing skills. 
B) Lacy shows low achievement in all areas and prefers to play with younger children. 
C) Wanda is hyperactive and frequently expresses her boredom with class material. 
D) Mark is a low achiever in all areas; he is a leader of a local neighborhood gang. 
A) Matthew has difficulty in math but performs at grade level in reading,spelling,and writing skills. 
B) Lacy shows low achievement in all areas and prefers to play with younger children. 
C) Wanda is hyperactive and frequently expresses her boredom with class material. 
D) Mark is a low achiever in all areas; he is a leader of a local neighborhood gang.

Question 3

Three of the following alternatives illustrate dispositions that theorists have described. Which one would not be considered a disposition as psychologists typically use the term?

Accepted Answer

A) Anne has been afraid of snakes since she was a toddler. 
B) Barry enjoys logic puzzles,mathematical brainteasers,and other logically challenging tasks. 
C) Calvin refuses to take another person's word for something; he always insists that the person back up an idea or opinion with convincing evidence. 
D) Drew likes to hear several perspectives on an issue before reaching a conclusion about it. 
A) Anne has been afraid of snakes since she was a toddler. 
B) Barry enjoys logic puzzles,mathematical brainteasers,and other logically challenging tasks. 
C) Calvin refuses to take another person's word for something; he always insists that the person back up an idea or opinion with convincing evidence. 
D) Drew likes to hear several perspectives on an issue before reaching a conclusion about it.

Question 4

Which one of the following statements most accurately describes Lev Vygotsky's view of how cognitive development occurs?

Accepted Answer

A) Children's cognitive growth is a process of adults modeling and then reinforcing increasingly complex behaviors. 
B) Cognitive development progresses through four distinct stages; each stage is characterized by increasingly complex thought and language. 
C) Children develop by working on challenging tasks with the assistance of more competent individuals. 
D) Language and thought,although closely intertwined in the first few years of life,become increasingly distinct entities over time. 
A) Children's cognitive growth is a process of adults modeling and then reinforcing increasingly complex behaviors. 
B) Cognitive development progresses through four distinct stages; each stage is characterized by increasingly complex thought and language. 
C) Children develop by working on challenging tasks with the assistance of more competent individuals. 
D) Language and thought,although closely intertwined in the first few years of life,become increasingly distinct entities over time.

Question 5

Roger is shown two piles of sand and says that each pile has the same amount. However,when one pile is flattened with a shovel,he now claims emphatically that the flattened pile has less sand. Piaget would suggest that Roger is in the ________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

A) concrete operations 
B) sensorimotor 
C) formal operations 
D) preoperational 
A) concrete operations 
B) sensorimotor 
C) formal operations 
D) preoperational

Question 6

A sensitive period in development can best be described as:

Accepted Answer

A) A stage of development in which children display unpredictable (and often inappropriate)emotional responses. 
B) A period during children's cognitive development in which they are highly distractible and frequently off task in the classroom. 
C) An approach to teaching or parenting that takes a child's developmental level into account. 
D) An age range during which environmental conditions are most likely to have an effect on a particular aspect of development. 
A) A stage of development in which children display unpredictable (and often inappropriate)emotional responses. 
B) A period during children's cognitive development in which they are highly distractible and frequently off task in the classroom. 
C) An approach to teaching or parenting that takes a child's developmental level into account. 
D) An age range during which environmental conditions are most likely to have an effect on a particular aspect of development.

Question 7

As a teacher,you want to improve your students' ability to understand and remember material in their textbooks. Considering research results described in the textbook,which technique should you use?

Accepted Answer

A) Reciprocal teaching 
B) Authentic activities 
C) Discovery learning 
D) Clinical method 
A) Reciprocal teaching 
B) Authentic activities 
C) Discovery learning 
D) Clinical method

Question 8

Which one of the following clearly illustrates Piaget's concept of assimilation?

Accepted Answer

A) A kindergarten child mistakenly writes on the chalkboard using a large white crayon instead of chalk. 
B) A third grader develops the necessary eye-hand coordination for writing letters. 
C) A sixth grader moves to a different school and changes styles to fit local fashions. 
D) An eighth grader who continually uses the word "awesome" in his compositions is encouraged to use other,more specific adjectives. 
A) A kindergarten child mistakenly writes on the chalkboard using a large white crayon instead of chalk. 
B) A third grader develops the necessary eye-hand coordination for writing letters. 
C) A sixth grader moves to a different school and changes styles to fit local fashions. 
D) An eighth grader who continually uses the word "awesome" in his compositions is encouraged to use other,more specific adjectives.

Question 9

Describe reciprocal teaching and its effects on student achievement. Explain its effectiveness using psychological principles related to learning and development.

Accepted Answer

Reciprocal teaching is an approach to te

Question 10

Vygotsky's concept of zone of proximal development can best be described as:

Accepted Answer

A) The degree of maturation necessary to accomplish a particular physical task. 
B) Children's ability to estimate how much they know. 
C) The range of tasks children can perform by themselves. 
D) The range of tasks children can accomplish only with support. 
A) The degree of maturation necessary to accomplish a particular physical task. 
B) Children's ability to estimate how much they know. 
C) The range of tasks children can perform by themselves. 
D) The range of tasks children can accomplish only with support.

Question 11

Piaget presented his studies of conservation as evidence of the illogical thinking of young children.
a. What did he mean by the term conservation?
b. Describe one of his conservation tasks and the kinds of responses that children in the preoperational and concrete operations stages are likely to give.
c. Describe a specific way in which a child's ability to conserve is essential for learning in either mathematics or science.

Accepted Answer

a. Conservation is the recognition that

Question 12

Which one of the following statements is true about learning and development?

Accepted Answer

A) Learning and development are synonyms. 
B) Both learning and development are affected by one's experiences. 
C) Learning is affected by genetics,but development is not. 
D) Learning is affected by experience,but development is not. 
A) Learning and development are synonyms. 
B) Both learning and development are affected by one's experiences. 
C) Learning is affected by genetics,but development is not. 
D) Learning is affected by experience,but development is not.

Question 13

Which one of the following statements best describes a cognitive-developmental perspective of child development?

Accepted Answer

A) Children are naturally disposed to think about their environment in particular ways; in a sense,some basic knowledge about the world is "pre-wired." 
B) Children construct increasingly sophisticated views of the world based on their many experiences with it. 
C) Initially,children unconsciously develop a rather complex and confused view of the world,but this view becomes simpler and more straightforward as time goes on. 
D) Children repeatedly parrot their parents' and teachers' beliefs,eventually adopting these beliefs as their own "knowledge." 
A) Children are naturally disposed to think about their environment in particular ways; in a sense,some basic knowledge about the world is "pre-wired." 
B) Children construct increasingly sophisticated views of the world based on their many experiences with it. 
C) Initially,children unconsciously develop a rather complex and confused view of the world,but this view becomes simpler and more straightforward as time goes on. 
D) Children repeatedly parrot their parents' and teachers' beliefs,eventually adopting these beliefs as their own "knowledge."

Question 14

Which one of the following is a true statement about IQ scores?

Accepted Answer

A) Most adults have IQ scores higher than 120. 
B) Most adults have IQ scores lower than 80. 
C) They reflect the percentage of typical "adult-level" intelligence that a person has acquired. 
D) They are derived from comparisons with the test performance of same-age peers. 
A) Most adults have IQ scores higher than 120. 
B) Most adults have IQ scores lower than 80. 
C) They reflect the percentage of typical "adult-level" intelligence that a person has acquired. 
D) They are derived from comparisons with the test performance of same-age peers.

Question 15

Within the context of Vygotsky's perspective of cognitive development,why do students who are gifted often not benefit from regular classroom instruction?

Accepted Answer

A) Because they're too preoccupied by their own self-talk 
B) Because they're too busy thinking about things they learned from their outside reading to want to learn material presented in the classroom 
C) Because they are typically more distractible than their nongifted peers 
D) Because they aren't working within their zone of proximal development 
A) Because they're too preoccupied by their own self-talk 
B) Because they're too busy thinking about things they learned from their outside reading to want to learn material presented in the classroom 
C) Because they are typically more distractible than their nongifted peers 
D) Because they aren't working within their zone of proximal development

Question 16

Three of the following teachers are likely to promote productive cognitive styles or dispositions related to classroom subject matter. Which teacher is unlikely to do so?

Accepted Answer

A) In discussions of literature,Mr. Green reminds students that although they may initially have diverse opinions about a novel's underlying theme,they should ultimately all agree on a single best way to interpret the novel. 
B) When talking about the Battle of Normandy in World War II,Ms. Black describes in vivid detail how the Allied forces planned and carried out the invasion. As she talks,she also presents a few maps and many photos to illustrate what happened. 
C) In helping an especially impulsive student get ready for an upcoming districtwide achievement test,Mr. Brown gives her a few practice sessions with multiple-choice questions. "As you read each new question," he says to the student,"tell yourself this: I must look at all four choices before I mark an answer." He then has her apply this strategy to many practice items. 
D) When introducing a new unit about outer space in her science class,Ms. White says,"Astronomers have found some truly fascinating things about the universe. You'll be especially amazed when we look at the nature of black holes. Imagine something with such a strong gravitational pull than even light can't escape it!" 
A) In discussions of literature,Mr. Green reminds students that although they may initially have diverse opinions about a novel's underlying theme,they should ultimately all agree on a single best way to interpret the novel. 
B) When talking about the Battle of Normandy in World War II,Ms. Black describes in vivid detail how the Allied forces planned and carried out the invasion. As she talks,she also presents a few maps and many photos to illustrate what happened. 
C) In helping an especially impulsive student get ready for an upcoming districtwide achievement test,Mr. Brown gives her a few practice sessions with multiple-choice questions. "As you read each new question," he says to the student,"tell yourself this: I must look at all four choices before I mark an answer." He then has her apply this strategy to many practice items. 
D) When introducing a new unit about outer space in her science class,Ms. White says,"Astronomers have found some truly fascinating things about the universe. You'll be especially amazed when we look at the nature of black holes. Imagine something with such a strong gravitational pull than even light can't escape it!"

Question 17

Which one of the following statements reflects what developmentalists mean by the term maturation?

Accepted Answer

A) Developmental changes that are controlled largely by heredity 
B) Developmental changes related specifically to children's physical development 
C) Developmental changes related specifically to children's emotional development 
D) Developmental changes that reflect increasingly appropriate social behavior 
A) Developmental changes that are controlled largely by heredity 
B) Developmental changes related specifically to children's physical development 
C) Developmental changes related specifically to children's emotional development 
D) Developmental changes that reflect increasingly appropriate social behavior

Question 18

Scaffolding serves what purpose in instruction?

Accepted Answer

A) It gives students an idea of what they need to do to get good grades. 
B) It keeps school tasks within students' present developmental levels. 
C) It lets students learn by watching one another. 
D) It supports students in their efforts to master difficult tasks. 
A) It gives students an idea of what they need to do to get good grades. 
B) It keeps school tasks within students' present developmental levels. 
C) It lets students learn by watching one another. 
D) It supports students in their efforts to master difficult tasks.

Question 19

James is talking about how much better the world would be if everyone simply agreed to "love one another" and "make peace,not war." In Piaget's view,James is most likely to be:

Accepted Answer

A) 4 years old. 
B) 7 years old. 
C) 10 years old. 
D) 14 years old. 
A) 4 years old. 
B) 7 years old. 
C) 10 years old. 
D) 14 years old.

Question 20

Which one of the following statements best illustrates a universal in development as developmentalists define the term?

Accepted Answer

A) Piaget proposed that formal operational thought is characterized by an ability to think abstractly about a wide variety of topics. 
B) Contemporary theorists have derived the concept cognitive apprenticeship from Vygotsky's theory of development. 
C) Young children show similar patterns in their early language development regardless of the specific language that they learn. 
D) Piaget neglected to consider the influence of prior knowledge and experience on children's ability to think logically. 
A) Piaget proposed that formal operational thought is characterized by an ability to think abstractly about a wide variety of topics. 
B) Contemporary theorists have derived the concept cognitive apprenticeship from Vygotsky's theory of development. 
C) Young children show similar patterns in their early language development regardless of the specific language that they learn. 
D) Piaget neglected to consider the influence of prior knowledge and experience on children's ability to think logically.

Louis receives a new soccer ball and begins to dribble it in the same way he dribbles his basketball. His dribbling of the new ball reflects Piaget's concept of:

You have referred the following four students to the school psychologist for evaluation. Which student is the psychologist most likely to identify as having an intellectual disability?

Three of the following alternatives illustrate dispositions that theorists have described. Which one would not be considered a disposition as psychologists typically use the term?

Which one of the following statements most accurately describes Lev Vygotsky's view of how cognitive development occurs?

Roger is shown two piles of sand and says that each pile has the same amount. However,when one pile is flattened with a shovel,he now claims emphatically that the flattened pile has less sand. Piaget would suggest that Roger is in the ________ stage of development.

A sensitive period in development can best be described as:

As a teacher,you want to improve your students' ability to understand and remember material in their textbooks. Considering research results described in the textbook,which technique should you use?

Which one of the following clearly illustrates Piaget's concept of assimilation?

Describe reciprocal teaching and its effects on student achievement. Explain its effectiveness using psychological principles related to learning and development.

Vygotsky's concept of zone of proximal development can best be described as:

Which one of the following statements is true about learning and development?

Which one of the following statements best describes a cognitive-developmental perspective of child development?

Which one of the following is a true statement about IQ scores?

Within the context of Vygotsky's perspective of cognitive development,why do students who are gifted often not benefit from regular classroom instruction?

Three of the following teachers are likely to promote productive cognitive styles or dispositions related to classroom subject matter. Which teacher is unlikely to do so?

Which one of the following statements reflects what developmentalists mean by the term maturation?

Scaffolding serves what purpose in instruction?

James is talking about how much better the world would be if everyone simply agreed to "love one another" and "make peace,not war." In Piaget's view,James is most likely to be:

Which one of the following statements best illustrates a universal in development as developmentalists define the term?

Introduction to Educational Psychology

Learning, cognition, and Memory

Complex Cognitive Processes

Learning in Context

Motivation and Affect

Personal, social, and Moral Development

Instructional Strategies

Strategies for Creating an Effective Classroom School Environment

Assessment Strategies

Describing Associations With Correlation Coefficients

Understanding and Interpreting Standardized Test Results

Filters

Exam 6: Cognitive Development

Louis receives a new soccer ball and begins to dribble it in the same way he dribbles his basketball. His dribbling of the new ball reflects Piaget's concept of:

You have referred the following four students to the school psychologist for evaluation. Which student is the psychologist most likely to identify as having an intellectual disability?

Three of the following alternatives illustrate dispositions that theorists have described. Which one would not be considered a disposition as psychologists typically use the term?

Which one of the following statements most accurately describes Lev Vygotsky's view of how cognitive development occurs?

Roger is shown two piles of sand and says that each pile has the same amount. However,when one pile is flattened with a shovel,he now claims emphatically that the flattened pile has less sand. Piaget would suggest that Roger is in the ________ stage of development.

A sensitive period in development can best be described as:

As a teacher,you want to improve your students' ability to understand and remember material in their textbooks. Considering research results described in the textbook,which technique should you use?

Which one of the following clearly illustrates Piaget's concept of assimilation?

Describe reciprocal teaching and its effects on student achievement. Explain its effectiveness using psychological principles related to learning and development.

Vygotsky's concept of zone of proximal development can best be described as:

Which one of the following statements is true about learning and development?

Which one of the following statements best describes a cognitive-developmental perspective of child development?

Which one of the following is a true statement about IQ scores?

Within the context of Vygotsky's perspective of cognitive development,why do students who are gifted often not benefit from regular classroom instruction?

Three of the following teachers are likely to promote productive cognitive styles or dispositions related to classroom subject matter. Which teacher is unlikely to do so?

Which one of the following statements reflects what developmentalists mean by the term maturation?

Scaffolding serves what purpose in instruction?

James is talking about how much better the world would be if everyone simply agreed to "love one another" and "make peace,not war." In Piaget's view,James is most likely to be:

Which one of the following statements best illustrates a universal in development as developmentalists define the term?

Introduction to Educational Psychology

Learning, cognition, and Memory

Complex Cognitive Processes

Learning in Context

Motivation and Affect

Personal, social, and Moral Development

Instructional Strategies

Strategies for Creating an Effective Classroom School Environment

Assessment Strategies

Describing Associations With Correlation Coefficients

Understanding and Interpreting Standardized Test Results

Filters