Question 1

The relatively effortful and conscious processing of social information is known as .

Accepted Answer

A) controlled processing 
B) subliminal processing 
C) heuristic processing 
A) controlled processing 
B) subliminal processing 
C) heuristic processing A

Question 2

Explain how counterfactual thinking can lead to either greater satisfaction or greater dissatisfaction with current outcomes.

Accepted Answer

Counterfactual thinking involves our imagining alternative possible situations and outcomes.If a person imagines an upward counterfactual,she or he is engaged in the process of comparing a current outcome with a more favorable one.Such upward counterfactual thinking can lead to increased dissatisfaction with current reality.If a person imagines a downward counterfactual,she or he is engaged in the process of comparing a current outcome with a less favorable one.Downward counterfactual thinking can lead to increased satisfaction with current reality.

Question 3

Research has demonstrated that most people are more sensitive to negative information than to positive information.This is known as .

Accepted Answer

A) a memory fault 
B) the negativity bias 
C) the positivist bias 
A) a memory fault 
B) the negativity bias 
C) the positivist bias B

Question 4

results when the demands on our cognitive system are greater than its capacity.

Accepted Answer

A) Information overload 
B) Schema retrieval 
C) Social miscognition 
A) Information overload 
B) Schema retrieval 
C) Social miscognition

Question 5

When people engage in thought suppression,two processes are involved.The first of these is an automatic monitoring process which .

Accepted Answer

A) makes attempts to provide distracting thoughts 
B) produces a reactance response in people 
C) reduces the effects of the rebound effect 
D) searches for evidence that unwanted thoughts are about to intrude 
E) generates magical thinking as a way of coping with the unwanted thoughts 
A) makes attempts to provide distracting thoughts 
B) produces a reactance response in people 
C) reduces the effects of the rebound effect 
D) searches for evidence that unwanted thoughts are about to intrude 
E) generates magical thinking as a way of coping with the unwanted thoughts

Question 6

The mood effect suggests that we will remember information that is consistent with our current moods.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The mood effect suggests that we will...

Question 7

In an experiment,researchers had participants unscramble words that were "rude" words e.g.,"hostile")or "polite" words e.g.,courteous).Soon after,participants were more or less likely to interrupt the experimenter who was talking to an accomplice).This is a demonstration of .

Accepted Answer

A) the occurrence of priming without conscious awareness of the priming stimulus 
B) our memory for factual information and its relationship to other information already stored in memory 
C) the effects of priming on asocial thought processes 
D) the process by which easily available information affects our judgments 
E) exposure to subliminal stimuli 
A) the occurrence of priming without conscious awareness of the priming stimulus 
B) our memory for factual information and its relationship to other information already stored in memory 
C) the effects of priming on asocial thought processes 
D) the process by which easily available information affects our judgments 
E) exposure to subliminal stimuli

Question 8

Sarah supervises a work group of six colleagues in an advertising agency.Recently,the creativity of her work group has not been as high as it should be.To help boost the group's creativity,and keeping in mind the effects of mood on cognition,Sarah might .

Accepted Answer

A) speak to each member privately about performance issues 
B) ask the group to remember what they were doing the last time they were highly creative 
C) take steps to put her group's members in a happier mood during work hours 
D) promise a bonus or reward for higher levels of creativity 
E) remind the group that creativity is an important aspect of their job 
A) speak to each member privately about performance issues 
B) ask the group to remember what they were doing the last time they were highly creative 
C) take steps to put her group's members in a happier mood during work hours 
D) promise a bonus or reward for higher levels of creativity 
E) remind the group that creativity is an important aspect of their job

Question 9

Elliott,a 43-year-old engineer,has volunteered to teach a group of middle-school students some hands-on engineering basics,hoping to get them oriented toward a math-science career path.Performance of the 1/3 of the group,who are girls,is lower than average.What is one likely cause for this effect?

Accepted Answer

A) the girls have supported Elliott's belief that girls cannot perform as well as boys in engineering 
B) the girls did not engage in self-stereotyping 
C) Elliott did not call on the boys more than the girls when he asked questions in the class 
D) when one girl did well on a board problem,Elliott did not act surprised 
E) the guys were not more highly motivated to please Elliott 
A) the girls have supported Elliott's belief that girls cannot perform as well as boys in engineering 
B) the girls did not engage in self-stereotyping 
C) Elliott did not call on the boys more than the girls when he asked questions in the class 
D) when one girl did well on a board problem,Elliott did not act surprised 
E) the guys were not more highly motivated to please Elliott

Question 10

One evening,after seeing an)at the Cineplex,you are on your way home.You drive into a store parking lot,where another driver grabs a parking place you had spotted and were waiting for.You perceive the behavior as very .

Accepted Answer

A) violent movie; aggressive 
B) comedy; aggressive 
C) drama; meaningless 
A) violent movie; aggressive 
B) comedy; aggressive 
C) drama; meaningless

Question 11

Briefly describe the representativeness heuristic and explain how it is related to the idea of base rates.

Accepted Answer

The representativeness heuristic states

Question 12

When people engage in magical thinking,they tend to .

Accepted Answer

A) resist suggestions to suppress unwanted thoughts 
B) experience mood congruence effects very strongly 
C) overuse the representativeness heuristic 
D) make compelling assumptions that are not rational 
E) create or notice self-fulfilling prophecies 
A) resist suggestions to suppress unwanted thoughts 
B) experience mood congruence effects very strongly 
C) overuse the representativeness heuristic 
D) make compelling assumptions that are not rational 
E) create or notice self-fulfilling prophecies

Question 13

The area of the brain that is most clearly involved in controlled evaluations is .

Accepted Answer

A) the prefrontal cortex 
B) the amygdala 
C) the hypothalamus 
A) the prefrontal cortex 
B) the amygdala 
C) the hypothalamus

Question 14

When people engage in thought suppression,two processes are involved.The operating process involves .

Accepted Answer

A) deliberate and effortful attempts to distract oneself with other thoughts or activities 
B) producing a reactance response in people 
C) generating magical thinking as a way of coping with the unwanted thoughts 
D) reducing the effects of the rebound effect 
E) searching for evidence that unwanted thoughts are about to intrude 
A) deliberate and effortful attempts to distract oneself with other thoughts or activities 
B) producing a reactance response in people 
C) generating magical thinking as a way of coping with the unwanted thoughts 
D) reducing the effects of the rebound effect 
E) searching for evidence that unwanted thoughts are about to intrude

Question 15

Describe the impact of schemas on memory.Explain how this may influence social thought.

Accepted Answer

Schemas act as a filter in that they cal

Question 16

Molly and Emily are members of a girls' basketball team who are responsible for helping to organize fundraising efforts for their team.Molly is extremely motivated to complete this task; in contrast,Emily only shows a mild interest in completing the required task.Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the likelihood that Molly and Emily will complete their tasks?

Accepted Answer

A) Molly's motivation will likely cause her to predict that she will finish her task quickly; however,this will have no effect on whether she actually completes her task quicker than Emily. 
B) Molly will definitely complete the task in a prompt manner due to her high level of motivation; Emily might not complete the task at all due to her lack of motivation. 
C) Molly's level of motivation should not have any effect on how she thinks about proceeding with this task; consequently,Molly and Emily should complete the task at about the same time. 
D) Molly's motivation will probably cause her to become overly optimistic which,in turn,will cause her to not complete the task at all; Emily's lack of motivation will likely cause her to complete the task,surprising even herself. 
E) Molly's motivation will probably cause her to become overly optimistic which,in turn,will cause her to not complete the task at all; similarly,Emily might not complete the task at all due to her lack of motivation. 
A) Molly's motivation will likely cause her to predict that she will finish her task quickly; however,this will have no effect on whether she actually completes her task quicker than Emily. 
B) Molly will definitely complete the task in a prompt manner due to her high level of motivation; Emily might not complete the task at all due to her lack of motivation. 
C) Molly's level of motivation should not have any effect on how she thinks about proceeding with this task; consequently,Molly and Emily should complete the task at about the same time. 
D) Molly's motivation will probably cause her to become overly optimistic which,in turn,will cause her to not complete the task at all; Emily's lack of motivation will likely cause her to complete the task,surprising even herself. 
E) Molly's motivation will probably cause her to become overly optimistic which,in turn,will cause her to not complete the task at all; similarly,Emily might not complete the task at all due to her lack of motivation.

Question 17

Gabriel and Jim were involved in a car accident and they both suffered a broken bone.Gabriel told Jim,"Hey at least we only broke a few bones-we could've died!" Jim's response to Gabriel was "Yes,but I'm now thinking about how I can be a better driver so that I never get in an accident again." Gabriel's statement reflects an)counterfactual and Jim's response reflects an)counterfactual.

Accepted Answer

A) lateral; lateral 
B) downward; upward 
C) upward; downward 
A) lateral; lateral 
B) downward; upward 
C) upward; downward

Question 18

The relatively effortless processing of social information in a non-conscious and unintentional way is known as .

Accepted Answer

A) supraliminal processing 
B) rational introspection 
C) automatic processing 
A) supraliminal processing 
B) rational introspection 
C) automatic processing

Question 19

Two drivers on a highway are cut off by a third driver.The first driver is startled but shrugs,thinking,"that other driver was careless,but I don't think he noticed me." The second driver is furious,thinking,"that other driver deliberately tried to run me off the road." This scenario MOST clearly illustrates .

Accepted Answer

A) how mood influences affect and arousal 
B) how affect influences arousal 
C) how cognition influences affect 
A) how mood influences affect and arousal 
B) how affect influences arousal 
C) how cognition influences affect

Question 20

Automatic processing appears to have both positive and negative features.That is,it may make us vulnerable to influence in ways that might detract from the best outcomes.On the other hand,it might provide some special advantages.The best answer will very briefly describe negative aspects in terms of the interruption study and the elderly study,while the poster study may demonstrate positive aspects.

Accepted Answer

On the negative side,automatic processin

The relatively effortful and conscious processing of social information is known as .

Explain how counterfactual thinking can lead to either greater satisfaction or greater dissatisfaction with current outcomes.

Research has demonstrated that most people are more sensitive to negative information than to positive information.This is known as .

results when the demands on our cognitive system are greater than its capacity.

When people engage in thought suppression,two processes are involved.The first of these is an automatic monitoring process which .

The mood effect suggests that we will remember information that is consistent with our current moods.

In an experiment,researchers had participants unscramble words that were "rude" words e.g.,"hostile")or "polite" words e.g.,courteous).Soon after,participants were more or less likely to interrupt the experimenter who was talking to an accomplice).This is a demonstration of .

Sarah supervises a work group of six colleagues in an advertising agency.Recently,the creativity of her work group has not been as high as it should be.To help boost the group's creativity,and keeping in mind the effects of mood on cognition,Sarah might .

Elliott,a 43-year-old engineer,has volunteered to teach a group of middle-school students some hands-on engineering basics,hoping to get them oriented toward a math-science career path.Performance of the 1/3 of the group,who are girls,is lower than average.What is one likely cause for this effect?

One evening,after seeing an)at the Cineplex,you are on your way home.You drive into a store parking lot,where another driver grabs a parking place you had spotted and were waiting for.You perceive the behavior as very .

Briefly describe the representativeness heuristic and explain how it is related to the idea of base rates.

When people engage in magical thinking,they tend to .

The area of the brain that is most clearly involved in controlled evaluations is .

When people engage in thought suppression,two processes are involved.The operating process involves .

Describe the impact of schemas on memory.Explain how this may influence social thought.

The relatively effortless processing of social information in a non-conscious and unintentional way is known as .

Social Psychology: The Science of the Social Side of Life

Social Perception: Perceiving and Understanding Others

The Self: Answering the Question Who Am I

Attitudes: Evaluating and Responding to the Social World

The Causes,effects,and Cures of Stereotyping,prejudice,and Discrimination

Interpersonal Attraction and Close Relationships

Social Influence: Changing Others Behavior

Prosocial Behavior: Helping Others

Aggression: Its Nature,causes,and Control

Groups and Individuals: the Consequences of Belonging

Social Psychology: Applying Its Principles to Law,health,and Business

Filters

Exam 2: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

The relatively effortful and conscious processing of social information is known as .

Explain how counterfactual thinking can lead to either greater satisfaction or greater dissatisfaction with current outcomes.

Research has demonstrated that most people are more sensitive to negative information than to positive information.This is known as .

results when the demands on our cognitive system are greater than its capacity.

When people engage in thought suppression,two processes are involved.The first of these is an automatic monitoring process which .

The mood effect suggests that we will remember information that is consistent with our current moods.

In an experiment,researchers had participants unscramble words that were "rude" words e.g.,"hostile")or "polite" words e.g.,courteous).Soon after,participants were more or less likely to interrupt the experimenter who was talking to an accomplice).This is a demonstration of .

Sarah supervises a work group of six colleagues in an advertising agency.Recently,the creativity of her work group has not been as high as it should be.To help boost the group's creativity,and keeping in mind the effects of mood on cognition,Sarah might .

Elliott,a 43-year-old engineer,has volunteered to teach a group of middle-school students some hands-on engineering basics,hoping to get them oriented toward a math-science career path.Performance of the 1/3 of the group,who are girls,is lower than average.What is one likely cause for this effect?

One evening,after seeing an)at the Cineplex,you are on your way home.You drive into a store parking lot,where another driver grabs a parking place you had spotted and were waiting for.You perceive the behavior as very .

Briefly describe the representativeness heuristic and explain how it is related to the idea of base rates.

When people engage in magical thinking,they tend to .

The area of the brain that is most clearly involved in controlled evaluations is .

When people engage in thought suppression,two processes are involved.The operating process involves .

Describe the impact of schemas on memory.Explain how this may influence social thought.

The relatively effortless processing of social information in a non-conscious and unintentional way is known as .

Social Psychology: The Science of the Social Side of Life

Social Perception: Perceiving and Understanding Others

The Self: Answering the Question Who Am I

Attitudes: Evaluating and Responding to the Social World

The Causes,effects,and Cures of Stereotyping,prejudice,and Discrimination

Interpersonal Attraction and Close Relationships

Social Influence: Changing Others Behavior

Prosocial Behavior: Helping Others

Aggression: Its Nature,causes,and Control

Groups and Individuals: the Consequences of Belonging

Social Psychology: Applying Its Principles to Law,health,and Business

Filters