Question 1

Group decision-making involves .

Accepted Answer

A) the process involved in selecting one of several different social decision schemes on which to base resulting group decisions 
B) the process involved in encouraging group members to shift their opinions in one direction or another 
C) the process involved in determining which possible decision is supported by a majority of the group's members 
D) the processes involved with convincing a majority of the group's members to pursue the same course of action 
E) the processes involved with combining and integrating available information in order to choose one of several different courses of action 
A) the process involved in selecting one of several different social decision schemes on which to base resulting group decisions 
B) the process involved in encouraging group members to shift their opinions in one direction or another 
C) the process involved in determining which possible decision is supported by a majority of the group's members 
D) the processes involved with convincing a majority of the group's members to pursue the same course of action 
E) the processes involved with combining and integrating available information in order to choose one of several different courses of action E

Question 2

While conflict usually involves incompatible goals or interests between two or more individuals or groups,such a conflict in goals or interests may be .

Accepted Answer

illusory

Question 3

Cohesiveness consists of .

Accepted Answer

A) all the benefits of group membership minus all the costs of group membership 
B) all the factors that cause group members to remain members of the group 
C) all the factors within a group that lead members to overvalue decisions made by the group and undervalue decisions made by individuals who are not part of the group 
D) all the factors that encourage group members to leave the group 
E) all the factors within a group that work to minimize conflict between members 
A) all the benefits of group membership minus all the costs of group membership 
B) all the factors that cause group members to remain members of the group 
C) all the factors within a group that lead members to overvalue decisions made by the group and undervalue decisions made by individuals who are not part of the group 
D) all the factors that encourage group members to leave the group 
E) all the factors within a group that work to minimize conflict between members B

Question 4

What is a social dilemma? Is it reasonable to assume people might act more cooperatively if they were told that lack of cooperation would be penalized in a social dilemma situation? In one study,people were or were not)primed with information about a penalty for non-cooperation "in a previous study").What was the effect,in general terms,of this manipulation?

Accepted Answer

A social dilemma is a situation in which

Question 5

Paul,Sarah,Deborah,and George are working on a research paper for their social psychology class.They can reduce social loafing by .

Accepted Answer

A) stressing the cooperative nature of,and open-ended scheduling built into,the project 
B) ensuring that each member of the group contributes something that is different from the contribution of each other team member 
C) acknowledging that the paper counts for only a small part of their grade in the class 
D) ensuring that each member of the group can do the work that is being done by other team members 
E) discussing the issue of social facilitation before working on the paper 
A) stressing the cooperative nature of,and open-ended scheduling built into,the project 
B) ensuring that each member of the group contributes something that is different from the contribution of each other team member 
C) acknowledging that the paper counts for only a small part of their grade in the class 
D) ensuring that each member of the group can do the work that is being done by other team members 
E) discussing the issue of social facilitation before working on the paper

Question 6

Additive tasks are .

Accepted Answer

A) tasks for which the group product is less than the combination of the individual members' efforts 
B) tasks for which the group as a whole can be held accountable but individual members cannot 
C) tasks for which the group product is the sum of the individual members' efforts 
D) tasks for which the group product is more than the combination of the individual members' efforts 
E) tasks for which group members can be held individually accountable 
A) tasks for which the group product is less than the combination of the individual members' efforts 
B) tasks for which the group as a whole can be held accountable but individual members cannot 
C) tasks for which the group product is the sum of the individual members' efforts 
D) tasks for which the group product is more than the combination of the individual members' efforts 
E) tasks for which group members can be held individually accountable

Question 7

Being part of a large crowd and experiencing deindividuation .

Accepted Answer

A) increases the probability that crowd members will follow the norms of the crowd 
B) decreases the probability that individual crowd members will engage in wild or unruly behavior 
C) increases the probability that individual crowd members will engage in altruistic behavior 
D) decreases the probability that crowd members will follow the norms of the crowd 
E) increases the probability that individual crowd members will engage in negative,destructive behavior 
A) increases the probability that crowd members will follow the norms of the crowd 
B) decreases the probability that individual crowd members will engage in wild or unruly behavior 
C) increases the probability that individual crowd members will engage in altruistic behavior 
D) decreases the probability that crowd members will follow the norms of the crowd 
E) increases the probability that individual crowd members will engage in negative,destructive behavior

Question 8

Group polarization involves .

Accepted Answer

A) the tendency of some group members to shift from one extreme position to another,depending on the views of the group's leadership 
B) the tendency of group members to shift toward more extreme positions than those they initially held as a result of group discussion 
C) the tendency of groups to attract members who initially agree with the group's position,and then to take that agreement to extreme levels 
D) the tendency of some individuals to take a charismatic leadership position within a group 
E) the tendency of groups to segregate dissenting members into different "camps" prior to the group's splintering into separate groups 
A) the tendency of some group members to shift from one extreme position to another,depending on the views of the group's leadership 
B) the tendency of group members to shift toward more extreme positions than those they initially held as a result of group discussion 
C) the tendency of groups to attract members who initially agree with the group's position,and then to take that agreement to extreme levels 
D) the tendency of some individuals to take a charismatic leadership position within a group 
E) the tendency of groups to segregate dissenting members into different "camps" prior to the group's splintering into separate groups

Question 9

What is group polarization and briefly describe its main effect? What are the two main mechanisms involved,and describe them in detail?

Accepted Answer

Group polarization means that the initia

Question 10

Though the unfairness of her boss not outrageous,Deborah is disgusted with the impoliteness with which minor slights are administered.She may try to correct these feelings of unfairness by .

Accepted Answer

A) trying to alter the personality traits of her boss 
B) using covert techniques in order to settle the score 
C) attempting to change the general procedures at her place of employment 
D) refusing to change her perceptions about the situation 
E) directly approaching her boss and openly discussing her feelings 
A) trying to alter the personality traits of her boss 
B) using covert techniques in order to settle the score 
C) attempting to change the general procedures at her place of employment 
D) refusing to change her perceptions about the situation 
E) directly approaching her boss and openly discussing her feelings

Question 11

Discuss bargaining as a method of conflict resolution.What is a key initial goal and describe it)toward resolution? What are some of the tactics for reaching this goal? Some aspects of bargaining involve the orientation of the bargainers to the bargaining process itself.What is meant by this? What is the term used to describe the outcome of this kind of bargaining?

Accepted Answer

You want to reduce the opponent's aspira

Question 12

We value lower power groups when we .

Accepted Answer

A) are feeling more cautious and insecure 
B) are more interested in self-promotion 
C) think we might attain higher status within the group 
A) are feeling more cautious and insecure 
B) are more interested in self-promotion 
C) think we might attain higher status within the group

Question 13

Deindividuation is .

Accepted Answer

A) a psychological state that is marked by decreased self-awareness and increased social identity brought on by internal conditions 
B) a psychological state that is characterized by increased self-awareness and increased social facilitation brought on by external conditions 
C) a psychological state that is characterized by decreased self-awareness and increased social isolation brought on by internal conditions 
D) a psychological state that is characterized by increased self-awareness and strengthened social identity brought on by internal conditions 
E) a psychological state that is marked by decreased self-awareness and increased influence of the social norms of the group 
A) a psychological state that is marked by decreased self-awareness and increased social identity brought on by internal conditions 
B) a psychological state that is characterized by increased self-awareness and increased social facilitation brought on by external conditions 
C) a psychological state that is characterized by decreased self-awareness and increased social isolation brought on by internal conditions 
D) a psychological state that is characterized by increased self-awareness and strengthened social identity brought on by internal conditions 
E) a psychological state that is marked by decreased self-awareness and increased influence of the social norms of the group

Question 14

are the rules that determine how we ought to behave in our group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of are the rules that determine how we...

Question 15

Ahmed belongs to his university's Student Senate,a group that is high in entitativity.It is likely that Ahmed feels that the Student Senate .

Accepted Answer

A) is unlikely to be stereotyped 
B) is of great consequence to him 
C) uses too much political jargon 
A) is unlikely to be stereotyped 
B) is of great consequence to him 
C) uses too much political jargon

Question 16

Thinking about status appears to influence the importance group members attach to .

Accepted Answer

A) equity 
B) procedural justice 
C) distributive justice 
A) equity 
B) procedural justice 
C) distributive justice

Question 17

According to recent research by Sani and Todman 2003),groups splinter when current members perceive that the group has changed so much that it is no longer the same group they joined and that .

Accepted Answer

A) there is no chance of reversing the change that has occurred 
B) the change is not detrimental to group cohesiveness 
C) the change is about to be reversed dramatically 
D) the change is not widely recognized 
E) there is no chance of accelerating the change that has occurred 
A) there is no chance of reversing the change that has occurred 
B) the change is not detrimental to group cohesiveness 
C) the change is about to be reversed dramatically 
D) the change is not widely recognized 
E) there is no chance of accelerating the change that has occurred

Question 18

Zajonc and others 1969)found that cockroaches would run a simple maze faster when other cockroaches are present.This finding suggests that .

Accepted Answer

A) the type of audience one has is less important than the fact that one has an audience 
B) all organisms experience some form of evaluation apprehension when others are present 
C) the presence of an audience may lead to cognitive load,causing actors to narrow their attention to the most important parts of a task to be performed 
D) divided attention is harmful to task performance because it allows individuals to over-think their actions 
E) the best performances will occur when an audience is present but the performers are unaware of the audience or their reactions 
A) the type of audience one has is less important than the fact that one has an audience 
B) all organisms experience some form of evaluation apprehension when others are present 
C) the presence of an audience may lead to cognitive load,causing actors to narrow their attention to the most important parts of a task to be performed 
D) divided attention is harmful to task performance because it allows individuals to over-think their actions 
E) the best performances will occur when an audience is present but the performers are unaware of the audience or their reactions

Question 19

The genetic code for levels of are likely to be passed along than genetic code for an)group life.

Accepted Answer

A) greater; group affinity; more; poor fit to 
B) lesser; group affinity; more; good fit to 
C) greater; individual survival skills; more; poor fit to 
D) greater; peer competitiveness; less; unwillingness to engage in 
E) very low; personal affinity; less; rejection of 
A) greater; group affinity; more; poor fit to 
B) lesser; group affinity; more; good fit to 
C) greater; individual survival skills; more; poor fit to 
D) greater; peer competitiveness; less; unwillingness to engage in 
E) very low; personal affinity; less; rejection of

Question 20

Part of what makes a group entitative is the similar philosophical and political values,i.e., ,of its members.

Accepted Answer

A) norms 
B) ideology 
C) traditions 
A) norms 
B) ideology 
C) traditions

Group decision-making involves .

While conflict usually involves incompatible goals or interests between two or more individuals or groups,such a conflict in goals or interests may be .

Cohesiveness consists of .

Paul,Sarah,Deborah,and George are working on a research paper for their social psychology class.They can reduce social loafing by .

Additive tasks are .

Being part of a large crowd and experiencing deindividuation .

Group polarization involves .

What is group polarization and briefly describe its main effect? What are the two main mechanisms involved,and describe them in detail?

Though the unfairness of her boss not outrageous,Deborah is disgusted with the impoliteness with which minor slights are administered.She may try to correct these feelings of unfairness by .

We value lower power groups when we .

Deindividuation is .

are the rules that determine how we ought to behave in our group.

Ahmed belongs to his university's Student Senate,a group that is high in entitativity.It is likely that Ahmed feels that the Student Senate .

Thinking about status appears to influence the importance group members attach to .

According to recent research by Sani and Todman 2003),groups splinter when current members perceive that the group has changed so much that it is no longer the same group they joined and that .

Zajonc and others 1969)found that cockroaches would run a simple maze faster when other cockroaches are present.This finding suggests that .

The genetic code for levels of are likely to be passed along than genetic code for an)group life.

Part of what makes a group entitative is the similar philosophical and political values,i.e., ,of its members.

Social Psychology: The Science of the Social Side of Life

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: Perceiving and Understanding Others

The Self: Answering the Question Who Am I

Attitudes: Evaluating and Responding to the Social World

The Causes,effects,and Cures of Stereotyping,prejudice,and Discrimination

Interpersonal Attraction and Close Relationships

Social Influence: Changing Others Behavior

Prosocial Behavior: Helping Others

Aggression: Its Nature,causes,and Control

Social Psychology: Applying Its Principles to Law,health,and Business

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Exam 11: Groups and Individuals: the Consequences of Belonging

Group decision-making involves .

While conflict usually involves incompatible goals or interests between two or more individuals or groups,such a conflict in goals or interests may be .

Cohesiveness consists of .

Paul,Sarah,Deborah,and George are working on a research paper for their social psychology class.They can reduce social loafing by .

Additive tasks are .

Being part of a large crowd and experiencing deindividuation .

Group polarization involves .

What is group polarization and briefly describe its main effect? What are the two main mechanisms involved,and describe them in detail?

Though the unfairness of her boss not outrageous,Deborah is disgusted with the impoliteness with which minor slights are administered.She may try to correct these feelings of unfairness by .

We value lower power groups when we .

Deindividuation is .

are the rules that determine how we ought to behave in our group.

Ahmed belongs to his university's Student Senate,a group that is high in entitativity.It is likely that Ahmed feels that the Student Senate .

Thinking about status appears to influence the importance group members attach to .

According to recent research by Sani and Todman 2003),groups splinter when current members perceive that the group has changed so much that it is no longer the same group they joined and that .

Zajonc and others 1969)found that cockroaches would run a simple maze faster when other cockroaches are present.This finding suggests that .

The genetic code for levels of are likely to be passed along than genetic code for an)group life.

Part of what makes a group entitative is the similar philosophical and political values,i.e., ,of its members.

Social Psychology: The Science of the Social Side of Life

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: Perceiving and Understanding Others

The Self: Answering the Question Who Am I

Attitudes: Evaluating and Responding to the Social World

The Causes,effects,and Cures of Stereotyping,prejudice,and Discrimination

Interpersonal Attraction and Close Relationships

Social Influence: Changing Others Behavior

Prosocial Behavior: Helping Others

Aggression: Its Nature,causes,and Control

Social Psychology: Applying Its Principles to Law,health,and Business

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