Exam 2: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

A narrative framework that acts as a kind of script can be called a .

From MyPsychLab WATCH: "Attention Test" To access this asset go to MyPsychLab and click on "Course Documents." Under the heading "Index of Multimedia," click on the "here" link.Select Chapter 2,Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World,and click on "Find Now." For the Chapter 2 items,click on the "Watch" item called "Attention Test") In this clip,some people are throwing around a basketball on the court.Please explain what happened in the clip.How does what happened relate to what we pay attention to? That is,what does the clip say about schemas?

Despite the fact that Lance has had to overcome many obstacles in his life and that things don't always turn out the way he wants them to,Lance still thinks that his future is very bright and that things will turn out for the best in the long run.This is an example of .

High levels of stress and multiple,competing demands for our attention and abilities can reduce our mental processing capacity.These situations can lead to .

Describe what is meant by mood dependent memory,and give an example.

The tendency to use a particular number or value as a starting point to which changes are made is known as .

Schemas affect our use of stored memories by .

Amanda has lost some money she needs for next semester's tuition.While betting on red,the roulette wheel has come up with five blacks in a row.To try to get her money back,Amanda is now doubling up her bet each time on red,believing that red will come up soon.She bases her belief on the roughly)50/50 odds of red and black occurring over a large number of spins of the wheel.Amanda's strategy appears to be based on .

Efforts to prevent certain thoughts from entering conscious awareness are known as .

Briefly describe how the availability heuristic affects our judgments or decisions.This heuristic appears to be used for two different kinds of judgments.What two "rules" are to be found in our use of the availability heuristic and for what two kinds of judgments are they likely to be used?

Social thought is not always completely rational because .

Shortly before being interviewed for a job she really wants,Meredith finds that the Human Resources Director was involved in a minor traffic accident during lunch.Should Meredith be concerned that the traffic accident may have a negative influence on the outcomes of the job interview?

Elton gets on an elevator in an office building,along with three others.All passengers face front,except a woman,who continues to stand facing the back of the elevator all the way to the 21st floor.The most likely reason for Elton's discomfort for this behavior:

When making judgments that involve emotions or feelings,we tend to rely on .

Norman chronically buys and sells "things" on eBay.He is used to establishing an anchor in negotiating his way toward some endpoint,a sales price,an agreement about delivery time,shipping costs,whatever.The anchor for him is almost always a way of dealing with .

Simple rules for making complex decisions or drawing inferences are known as .

Schemas - our mental frameworks for organizing information about the world - sometimes us from noticing important details about our situation.

What is a negativity bias,and how does it impact our social interactions? Why,from an evolutionary point of view,would we be negatively biased? What does research on facial expressions say about this? On the other hand,describe a positivity bias,and indicate what the research shows about positivity vs.negativity biases being present.

One way that schemas influence social thought is by .

The tendency for people to believe they can accomplish more in a given period of time than they can actually accomplish is known as .