Question 1

During audition, sound vibrations are encoded as neural signals in the basilar membrane of the cochlea.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Describe two ways in which the auditory system of the barn owl computes auditory spatial information.

Accepted Answer

The auditory system of the barn owl computes auditory spatial information through two main mechanisms: interaural time differences (ITD) and interaural level differences (ILD).

1. Interaural time differences (ITD): The barn owl's auditory system processes the tiny differences in the time it takes for a sound to reach each ear. This information is used to determine the horizontal angle of the sound source relative to the owl. The owl's brain is able to compute these time differences with remarkable precision, allowing it to accurately locate and track prey even in complete darkness.

2. Interaural level differences (ILD): The barn owl also utilizes the differences in sound intensity between the two ears to compute auditory spatial information. By comparing the relative loudness of a sound in each ear, the owl is able to determine the vertical angle of a sound source. This helps the owl to accurately pinpoint the elevation of its prey, allowing for precise targeting during hunting.

Overall, the auditory system of the barn owl is highly specialized for computing auditory spatial information, allowing it to locate and capture prey with incredible accuracy.

Question 3

Simple cells in the primary visual cortex selectively respond to visual stimuli based on

Accepted Answer

A)  direction of stimulus motion. 
B)  stimulus color. 
C)  stimulus orientation. 
D)  distance of the stimulus from the viewer. 
A)  direction of stimulus motion. 
B)  stimulus color. 
C)  stimulus orientation. 
D)  distance of the stimulus from the viewer. C

Question 4

How do receptive fields change as you proceed up the visual pathway starting at the LGN)? Include an example of a stimulus that would, and would not, cause a neural response for a hypothetical cell at each stage.

Accepted Answer

As you proceed up the visual pathway sta

Question 5

Different parts of the body are represented in the primary somatosensory cortex in proportion to their size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a type of corpuscle used for somatosensation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Merkel 
B)  Calvert 
C)  Meissner 
D)  Pacinian 
A)  Merkel 
B)  Calvert 
C)  Meissner 
D)  Pacinian

Question 7

Give several reasons why the following statement is incorrect: "The right visual field is processed by the left hemisphere of the brain, while the left visual field is processed by the right."

Accepted Answer

There are several reasons why the statem

Question 8

Speculate about what kinds of information might be processed in the superior temporal lobe of a congenitally deaf person. In your answer, consider the kinds of environmental information that are especially important in the absence of sound.

Accepted Answer

The superior temporal lobe is involved i

Question 9

Neurons in the olfactory bulb demonstrate an extensive amount of convergence and divergence. This means that neurons in this system

Accepted Answer

A)  sometimes fire synchronously and asynchronously with respect to each other. 
B)  project to, and receive input from, a large number of other neurons. 
C)  synapse onto their own presynaptic neurons, creating feedback loops. 
D)  send output to regions of the brain both near and far from the olfactory epithelium. 
A)  sometimes fire synchronously and asynchronously with respect to each other. 
B)  project to, and receive input from, a large number of other neurons. 
C)  synapse onto their own presynaptic neurons, creating feedback loops. 
D)  send output to regions of the brain both near and far from the olfactory epithelium.

Question 10

A patient has an injury to the optic nerves, such that the branches of each optic nerve that normally cross to the opposite side of the brain at the optic chiasm are severed. The remaining branches, which do not cross to the other side of the brain, are intact. Which of the following best describes the effect of this injury on his vision?

Accepted Answer

A)  He can now see only by using his right eye; his left eye is functionally blind. 
B)  Only information from the left visual field can enter his brain for processing. 
C)  Only the signal for half the visual field of each eye is processed by the brain. 
D)  His brain now receives visual information only from the medial half of each retina. 
A)  He can now see only by using his right eye; his left eye is functionally blind. 
B)  Only information from the left visual field can enter his brain for processing. 
C)  Only the signal for half the visual field of each eye is processed by the brain. 
D)  His brain now receives visual information only from the medial half of each retina.

Question 11

Why is it difficult to investigate the conscious experience of perception using monkeys?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monkeys do not have conscious experiences. 
B)  We cannot infer a conscious experience from monkeys' behavior. 
C)  Human visual regions do not correspond perfectly to monkey visual regions. 
D)  Visual illusions do not affect nonhuman animals. 
A)  Monkeys do not have conscious experiences. 
B)  We cannot infer a conscious experience from monkeys' behavior. 
C)  Human visual regions do not correspond perfectly to monkey visual regions. 
D)  Visual illusions do not affect nonhuman animals.

Question 12

Achromatopsia is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  the absence of the photopigment sensitive to long wavelengths. 
B)  the absence of the photopigment sensitive to short wavelengths. 
C)  cortical lesions in area V4. 
D)  cortical lesions in area MT. 
A)  the absence of the photopigment sensitive to long wavelengths. 
B)  the absence of the photopigment sensitive to short wavelengths. 
C)  cortical lesions in area V4. 
D)  cortical lesions in area MT.

Question 13

Of the following choices, the strongest evidence for a link between the sense of smell and the triggering of memories is the observation that

Accepted Answer

A)  the olfactory cortex has direct connectivity to the limbic cortex. 
B)  the olfactory cortex has direct connectivity to area MT. 
C)  people with damage to the basal ganglia have compromised odor recognition. 
D)  people with damage to the cerebellum have compromised odor recognition. 
A)  the olfactory cortex has direct connectivity to the limbic cortex. 
B)  the olfactory cortex has direct connectivity to area MT. 
C)  people with damage to the basal ganglia have compromised odor recognition. 
D)  people with damage to the cerebellum have compromised odor recognition.

Question 14

The senses of olfaction and gustation are known as chemical senses because they begin with stimulation by chemicals odorants or tastants).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In the auditory system, the conversion of sound waves into action potentials occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A)  ganglion cells. 
B)  eardrum. 
C)  cochlear nucleus. 
D)  hair cells. 
A)  ganglion cells. 
B)  eardrum. 
C)  cochlear nucleus. 
D)  hair cells.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic tastes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acid 
B)  Bitter 
C)   Sweet 
D)  Umami 
A)  Acid 
B)  Bitter 
C)   Sweet 
D)  Umami

Question 17

Unlike the visual system, auditory information does not pass through the thalamus on the way to the cortex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The finding that V1, but not V2 or V3, has an fMRI "fingerprint" for a presented but not perceived orientation suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  higher visual areas track awareness. 
B)  lower visual areas track awareness. 
C)  higher visual areas track sensation but not necessarily perception. 
D)  lower visual areas track neither sensation nor perception. 
A)  higher visual areas track awareness. 
B)  lower visual areas track awareness. 
C)  higher visual areas track sensation but not necessarily perception. 
D)  lower visual areas track neither sensation nor perception.

Question 19

Argue that activity in higher visual areas is more closely linked to the percept we experience than are early visual areas, using experimental findings to support your argument.

Accepted Answer

The activity in higher visual areas is m

Question 20

A scotoma that involves one entire side of the visual field is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  topographic map. 
B)  homunculus. 
C)  receptive field. 
D)  hemianopia. 
A)  topographic map. 
B)  homunculus. 
C)  receptive field. 
D)  hemianopia.

During audition, sound vibrations are encoded as neural signals in the basilar membrane of the cochlea.

Describe two ways in which the auditory system of the barn owl computes auditory spatial information.

Simple cells in the primary visual cortex selectively respond to visual stimuli based on

How do receptive fields change as you proceed up the visual pathway starting at the LGN)? Include an example of a stimulus that would, and would not, cause a neural response for a hypothetical cell at each stage.

Different parts of the body are represented in the primary somatosensory cortex in proportion to their size.

Which of the following is NOT a type of corpuscle used for somatosensation?

Give several reasons why the following statement is incorrect: "The right visual field is processed by the left hemisphere of the brain, while the left visual field is processed by the right."

Speculate about what kinds of information might be processed in the superior temporal lobe of a congenitally deaf person. In your answer, consider the kinds of environmental information that are especially important in the absence of sound.

Neurons in the olfactory bulb demonstrate an extensive amount of convergence and divergence. This means that neurons in this system

Why is it difficult to investigate the conscious experience of perception using monkeys?

Achromatopsia is due to

Of the following choices, the strongest evidence for a link between the sense of smell and the triggering of memories is the observation that

The senses of olfaction and gustation are known as chemical senses because they begin with stimulation by chemicals odorants or tastants).

In the auditory system, the conversion of sound waves into action potentials occurs in the

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic tastes?

Unlike the visual system, auditory information does not pass through the thalamus on the way to the cortex.

The finding that V1, but not V2 or V3, has an fMRI "fingerprint" for a presented but not perceived orientation suggests that

Argue that activity in higher visual areas is more closely linked to the percept we experience than are early visual areas, using experimental findings to support your argument.

A scotoma that involves one entire side of the visual field is called a

A Brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience

Hemispheric Specialization

Object Recognition

Attention

Action

Memory

Emotion

Language

Cognitive Control

Social Cognition

Consciousness, Free Will, and the Law

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Exam 5: Sensation and Perception

During audition, sound vibrations are encoded as neural signals in the basilar membrane of the cochlea.

Describe two ways in which the auditory system of the barn owl computes auditory spatial information.

Simple cells in the primary visual cortex selectively respond to visual stimuli based on

How do receptive fields change as you proceed up the visual pathway starting at the LGN)? Include an example of a stimulus that would, and would not, cause a neural response for a hypothetical cell at each stage.

Different parts of the body are represented in the primary somatosensory cortex in proportion to their size.

Which of the following is NOT a type of corpuscle used for somatosensation?

Give several reasons why the following statement is incorrect: "The right visual field is processed by the left hemisphere of the brain, while the left visual field is processed by the right."

Speculate about what kinds of information might be processed in the superior temporal lobe of a congenitally deaf person. In your answer, consider the kinds of environmental information that are especially important in the absence of sound.

Neurons in the olfactory bulb demonstrate an extensive amount of convergence and divergence. This means that neurons in this system

Why is it difficult to investigate the conscious experience of perception using monkeys?

Achromatopsia is due to

Of the following choices, the strongest evidence for a link between the sense of smell and the triggering of memories is the observation that

The senses of olfaction and gustation are known as chemical senses because they begin with stimulation by chemicals odorants or tastants).

In the auditory system, the conversion of sound waves into action potentials occurs in the

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic tastes?

Unlike the visual system, auditory information does not pass through the thalamus on the way to the cortex.

The finding that V1, but not V2 or V3, has an fMRI "fingerprint" for a presented but not perceived orientation suggests that

Argue that activity in higher visual areas is more closely linked to the percept we experience than are early visual areas, using experimental findings to support your argument.

A scotoma that involves one entire side of the visual field is called a

A Brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience

Hemispheric Specialization

Object Recognition

Attention

Action

Memory

Emotion

Language

Cognitive Control

Social Cognition

Consciousness, Free Will, and the Law

Filters