Question 1

The three primary ways in which words are symbolized in different writing systems are alphabetic, syllabic, and logographic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

What pathway does spoken word recognition take in the brain? Describe the role of the most important areas in this network.

Accepted Answer

Spoken word recognition involves a complex pathway in the brain that includes several important areas. The process begins in the auditory cortex, where the sound of the spoken word is first processed. From there, the auditory information is sent to the Wernicke's area, which is responsible for language comprehension and understanding the meaning of the spoken word.

Once the word is understood, the information is then sent to the angular gyrus, which is involved in the processing of written and spoken language. This area helps to link the auditory information with the visual and semantic representations of the word.

Finally, the information is sent to the Broca's area, which is responsible for speech production. This area helps to form the motor plans necessary for producing the spoken word.

Overall, the pathway for spoken word recognition involves the auditory cortex, Wernicke's area, angular gyrus, and Broca's area, all of which play crucial roles in processing and understanding spoken language.

Question 3

Homo Sapiens have made the leap from to sequences.

Accepted Answer

A)  gestural ; manual. 
B)  manual ; gestural. 
C)  manual ; vocal. 
D)  vocal ; manual. 
A)  gestural ; manual. 
B)  manual ; gestural. 
C)  manual ; vocal. 
D)  vocal ; manual. C

Question 4

People with Broca's aphasia may have subtle deficits in their ability to comprehend language based on its grammatical structure. This symptom is called

Accepted Answer

A)  aphemia. 
B)  alexia. 
C)  agrammatism. 
D)  semantic dementia. 
A)  aphemia. 
B)  alexia. 
C)  agrammatism. 
D)  semantic dementia.

Question 5

Saying the word "horse" when intending to say the word "cow" is an example of a semantic paraphasia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Language errors in which a person substitutes words that are related in meaning for one another are called

Accepted Answer

A)  lemma confusions. 
B)  syntactic substitutions. 
C)  semantic paraphasias. 
D)  orthographic intrusions. 
A)  lemma confusions. 
B)  syntactic substitutions. 
C)  semantic paraphasias. 
D)  orthographic intrusions.

Question 7

According to Levelt, information-specific networks exist for word forms at the level and for the grammatical properties of words at the level.

Accepted Answer

A)  N400 ; P600 
B)  lexeme ; lemma 
C)  semantic ; parsing 
D)  frontal ; temporal 
A)  N400 ; P600 
B)  lexeme ; lemma 
C)  semantic ; parsing 
D)  frontal ; temporal

Question 8

You receive a text message that reads "My steak eaten up by the broccoli." Which word would lead to a P600 for you?

Accepted Answer

A)  steak 
B)  eaten 
C)  the 
D)  broccoli 
A)  steak 
B)  eaten 
C)  the 
D)  broccoli

Question 9

The left perisylvian network of language includes which areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  Broca's area 
B)  Wernicke's area 
C)  both a and b 
D)  none of the above 
A)  Broca's area 
B)  Wernicke's area 
C)  both a and b 
D)  none of the above

Question 10

In Hagoort's language model, the "memory" component is mediated by the , the "unification" component by the , and the "control" component by the .

Accepted Answer

A)  inferior frontal cortex ; temporal lobe ; lateral frontal cortex 
B)  inferior frontal cortex ; lateral frontal cortex ; temporal lobe 
C)  temporal lobe ; lateral frontal cortex ; inferior frontal cortex 
D)  temporal lobe ; inferior frontal gyrus ; lateral frontal cortex 
A)  inferior frontal cortex ; temporal lobe ; lateral frontal cortex 
B)  inferior frontal cortex ; lateral frontal cortex ; temporal lobe 
C)  temporal lobe ; lateral frontal cortex ; inferior frontal cortex 
D)  temporal lobe ; inferior frontal gyrus ; lateral frontal cortex

Question 11

is to the meaning of a word as is to the spelling of a word.

Accepted Answer

A)  Orthography ; phonology 
B)  Phonology ; prosody 
C)  Prosody ; semantics 
D)  Semantics ; orthography 
A)  Orthography ; phonology 
B)  Phonology ; prosody 
C)  Prosody ; semantics 
D)  Semantics ; orthography

Question 12

What is the main reason that there has been more success teaching nonhuman primates to use sign language than spoken language?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hand signals are easier than vocalizations. 
B)  Vocalizations are better controlled in humans. 
C)  Control of manual gestures is better in nonhuman primates. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  Hand signals are easier than vocalizations. 
B)  Vocalizations are better controlled in humans. 
C)  Control of manual gestures is better in nonhuman primates. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a case that depends primarily on prosodic aspects of language?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ability to recognize the characteristic rise that occurs at the end of a sentence in a speaker's voice when she asks a question. 
B)  The ability to discriminate between homophones like "blue" and "blew" when they are used in sentences. 
C)  The ability to pronounce "head" correctly, even though it is an irregular word. 
D)  The ability to retrieve the correct name associated with a familiar pictured face. 
A)  The ability to recognize the characteristic rise that occurs at the end of a sentence in a speaker's voice when she asks a question. 
B)  The ability to discriminate between homophones like "blue" and "blew" when they are used in sentences. 
C)  The ability to pronounce "head" correctly, even though it is an irregular word. 
D)  The ability to retrieve the correct name associated with a familiar pictured face.

Question 14

Which of the following statements regarding the organization of semantic networks is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The most frequently associated nodes have the largest distances between them in the network. 
B)  Concepts that have strong associations to each other in meaning have strong connections. 
C)  If one node is activated, the greatest amount of spreading activation will accrue in its closest neighbors. 
D)  Spreading activation is greater between nodes that are accessed together frequently than between nodes that are accessed together infrequently. 
A)  The most frequently associated nodes have the largest distances between them in the network. 
B)  Concepts that have strong associations to each other in meaning have strong connections. 
C)  If one node is activated, the greatest amount of spreading activation will accrue in its closest neighbors. 
D)  Spreading activation is greater between nodes that are accessed together frequently than between nodes that are accessed together infrequently.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a property of the word bank?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has many phonological neighbors. 
B)  It has many semantic neighbors. 
C)  It has more than one pronunciation. 
D)  It has more than one meaning. 
A)  It has many phonological neighbors. 
B)  It has many semantic neighbors. 
C)  It has more than one pronunciation. 
D)  It has more than one meaning.

Question 16

The concept of "words in the same neighborhood" is analogous to which of the following in the semantic domain?

Accepted Answer

A)  words that rhyme 
B)  words that are spelled similarly 
C)  words related in meaning 
D)  none of the above 
A)  words that rhyme 
B)  words that are spelled similarly 
C)  words related in meaning 
D)  none of the above

Question 17

Which of the following brain structures is NOT directly involved in language?

Accepted Answer

A)  sylvian fissure 
B)  angular gyrus 
C)  inferior parietal lobule 
D)  inferior frontal cortex 
A)  sylvian fissure 
B)  angular gyrus 
C)  inferior parietal lobule 
D)  inferior frontal cortex

Question 18

is a general term for deficits in language comprehension and production that occur as the result of brain injury.

Accepted Answer

A)  Alexia 
B)  Aphasia 
C)  Agrammatism 
D)  Anomia 
A)  Alexia 
B)  Aphasia 
C)  Agrammatism 
D)  Anomia

Question 19

Semantic priming effects are due to spreading activation in many models of lexical processing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Patient "Tan," studied by the neurologist Broca, had great difficulty in generating spontaneous speech and was unable to utter any word other than the nonsense syllable "tan." Postmortem autopsy of Tan's brain revealed

Accepted Answer

A)  abnormal EEG signals from the left frontal operculum. 
B)  a lesion in the left inferior frontal cortex. 
C)  cerebral hemorrhage in the right inferior frontal lobes. 
D)  demyelination in a region of the left anterior frontal lobes. 
A)  abnormal EEG signals from the left frontal operculum. 
B)  a lesion in the left inferior frontal cortex. 
C)  cerebral hemorrhage in the right inferior frontal lobes. 
D)  demyelination in a region of the left anterior frontal lobes.

The three primary ways in which words are symbolized in different writing systems are alphabetic, syllabic, and logographic.

What pathway does spoken word recognition take in the brain? Describe the role of the most important areas in this network.

Homo Sapiens have made the leap from to sequences.

People with Broca's aphasia may have subtle deficits in their ability to comprehend language based on its grammatical structure. This symptom is called

Saying the word "horse" when intending to say the word "cow" is an example of a semantic paraphasia.

Language errors in which a person substitutes words that are related in meaning for one another are called

According to Levelt, information-specific networks exist for word forms at the level and for the grammatical properties of words at the level.

You receive a text message that reads "My steak eaten up by the broccoli." Which word would lead to a P600 for you?

The left perisylvian network of language includes which areas?

In Hagoort's language model, the "memory" component is mediated by the , the "unification" component by the , and the "control" component by the .

is to the meaning of a word as is to the spelling of a word.

What is the main reason that there has been more success teaching nonhuman primates to use sign language than spoken language?

Which of the following best describes a case that depends primarily on prosodic aspects of language?

Which of the following statements regarding the organization of semantic networks is FALSE?

Which of the following is NOT a property of the word bank?

The concept of "words in the same neighborhood" is analogous to which of the following in the semantic domain?

Which of the following brain structures is NOT directly involved in language?

is a general term for deficits in language comprehension and production that occur as the result of brain injury.

Semantic priming effects are due to spreading activation in many models of lexical processing.

Patient "Tan," studied by the neurologist Broca, had great difficulty in generating spontaneous speech and was unable to utter any word other than the nonsense syllable "tan." Postmortem autopsy of Tan's brain revealed

A Brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience

Hemispheric Specialization

Sensation and Perception

Object Recognition

Attention

Action

Memory

Emotion

Cognitive Control

Social Cognition

Consciousness, Free Will, and the Law

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Exam 11: Language

The three primary ways in which words are symbolized in different writing systems are alphabetic, syllabic, and logographic.

What pathway does spoken word recognition take in the brain? Describe the role of the most important areas in this network.

Homo Sapiens have made the leap from to sequences.

People with Broca's aphasia may have subtle deficits in their ability to comprehend language based on its grammatical structure. This symptom is called

Saying the word "horse" when intending to say the word "cow" is an example of a semantic paraphasia.

Language errors in which a person substitutes words that are related in meaning for one another are called

According to Levelt, information-specific networks exist for word forms at the level and for the grammatical properties of words at the level.

You receive a text message that reads "My steak eaten up by the broccoli." Which word would lead to a P600 for you?

The left perisylvian network of language includes which areas?

In Hagoort's language model, the "memory" component is mediated by the , the "unification" component by the , and the "control" component by the .

is to the meaning of a word as is to the spelling of a word.

What is the main reason that there has been more success teaching nonhuman primates to use sign language than spoken language?

Which of the following best describes a case that depends primarily on prosodic aspects of language?

Which of the following statements regarding the organization of semantic networks is FALSE?

Which of the following is NOT a property of the word bank?

The concept of "words in the same neighborhood" is analogous to which of the following in the semantic domain?

Which of the following brain structures is NOT directly involved in language?

is a general term for deficits in language comprehension and production that occur as the result of brain injury.

Semantic priming effects are due to spreading activation in many models of lexical processing.

Patient "Tan," studied by the neurologist Broca, had great difficulty in generating spontaneous speech and was unable to utter any word other than the nonsense syllable "tan." Postmortem autopsy of Tan's brain revealed

A Brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience

Hemispheric Specialization

Sensation and Perception

Object Recognition

Attention

Action

Memory

Emotion

Cognitive Control

Social Cognition

Consciousness, Free Will, and the Law

Filters