Question 1

The resting potential of a neuron is typically +40 to +90 millivolts mV).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Within a neuron, the transmission of information is usually . Between neurons, the transmission of information is usually .

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical ; chemical 
B)  electrical ; electrical 
C)  electrical ; chemical 
D)  chemical ; electrical 
A)  chemical ; chemical 
B)  electrical ; electrical 
C)  electrical ; chemical 
D)  chemical ; electrical C

Question 3

The temporal lobe likely bears this name because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is the brain's center for temporal processing. 
B)  its functions are particularly susceptible to the effects of aging. 
C)  it lies beneath the area of the scalp where hair grays with age. 
D)  its neurons fire more quickly than neurons in other brain regions. 
A)  it is the brain's center for temporal processing. 
B)  its functions are particularly susceptible to the effects of aging. 
C)  it lies beneath the area of the scalp where hair grays with age. 
D)  its neurons fire more quickly than neurons in other brain regions. C

Question 4

Which of the following sequences of steps best represents the order of events that occur during synaptic transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)  binding of neurotransmitter at the postsynaptic membrane -> diffusion of neurotransmitter across the synapse -> release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell 
B)  diffusion of neurotransmitter across the synapse -> binding of neurotransmitter at the postsynaptic membrane -> release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell 
C)  release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell -> binding of neurotransmitter at the postsynaptic membrane -> diffusion of neurotransmitter across the synapse 
D)  release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell -> diffusion of neurotransmitter across the synapse -> binding of neurotransmitter at the postsynaptic membrane 
A)  binding of neurotransmitter at the postsynaptic membrane -> diffusion of neurotransmitter across the synapse -> release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell 
B)  diffusion of neurotransmitter across the synapse -> binding of neurotransmitter at the postsynaptic membrane -> release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell 
C)  release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell -> binding of neurotransmitter at the postsynaptic membrane -> diffusion of neurotransmitter across the synapse 
D)  release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell -> diffusion of neurotransmitter across the synapse -> binding of neurotransmitter at the postsynaptic membrane

Question 5

Neurons in two different regions of Brodmann's cytoarchitectonic map always

Accepted Answer

A)  use different types of neurotransmitters to communicate. 
B)  differ in cell morphology and organization. 
C)  lie inside different lobes of the cerebral cortex. 
D)  are separated by fissures in the cortex. 
A)  use different types of neurotransmitters to communicate. 
B)  differ in cell morphology and organization. 
C)  lie inside different lobes of the cerebral cortex. 
D)  are separated by fissures in the cortex.

Question 6

The corpus callosum

Accepted Answer

A)  permits communication between the two cerebral hemispheres. 
B)  is the area of the cortex in which information about touch, pain, temperature, and limb position is processed. 
C)  separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes. 
D)  is a fluid-filled chamber that cushions and supports the brain. 
A)  permits communication between the two cerebral hemispheres. 
B)  is the area of the cortex in which information about touch, pain, temperature, and limb position is processed. 
C)  separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes. 
D)  is a fluid-filled chamber that cushions and supports the brain.

Question 7

Parts of the brain where metabolic activity is relatively high are characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  elevated regional blood flow. 
B)  increased cerebrospinal fluid production. 
C)  a high degree of myelination. 
D)  greater concentrations of calcium ions. 
A)  elevated regional blood flow. 
B)  increased cerebrospinal fluid production. 
C)  a high degree of myelination. 
D)  greater concentrations of calcium ions.

Question 8

The thick outer membrane that encloses the brain within the skull is the

Accepted Answer

A)  gray matter. 
B)  white matter. 
C)  myelin sheath. 
D)  dura mater. 
A)  gray matter. 
B)  white matter. 
C)  myelin sheath. 
D)  dura mater.

Question 9

A patient has great difficulty in maintaining his posture, walking, and coordinating his movements. His brain injuries probably involve the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum. 
B)  corpus callosum. 
C)  superior colliculus. 
D)  third ventricle. 
A)  cerebellum. 
B)  corpus callosum. 
C)  superior colliculus. 
D)  third ventricle.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism for removing a neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft?

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion of the neurotransmitter away from the synapse 
B)  active reuptake of the neurotransmitter back into the presynaptic terminal 
C)  enzymatic breakdown of the neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft 
D)  transport of the neurotransmitter by ion channels into neighboring glial cells 
A)  diffusion of the neurotransmitter away from the synapse 
B)  active reuptake of the neurotransmitter back into the presynaptic terminal 
C)  enzymatic breakdown of the neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft 
D)  transport of the neurotransmitter by ion channels into neighboring glial cells

Question 11

As a result of a brain injury to this diencephalic structure, a patient is experiencing disruptions in maintaining homeostasis of bodily states and endocrine control.

Accepted Answer

A)  thalamus 
B)  hypothalamus 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  cingulate gyrus 
A)  thalamus 
B)  hypothalamus 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  cingulate gyrus

Question 12

The part of the thalamus that is most important in relaying information to the primary visual cortex is the

Accepted Answer

A)  lateral geniculate nucleus. 
B)  superior colliculus. 
C)  medial geniculate nucleus. 
D)  inferior colliculus. 
A)  lateral geniculate nucleus. 
B)  superior colliculus. 
C)  medial geniculate nucleus. 
D)  inferior colliculus.

Question 13

Describe the chemical and electrical properties of an action potential. In your answer, describe the movement of Na+ ions and K+ ions across the cell membrane and the resulting changes in electrical potential.

Accepted Answer

An action potential is a brief electrica

Question 14

Communication between two neurons is always achieved through chemical, and not electrical, mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following statements best describes the immediate consequence of neurotransmitter molecules binding to postsynaptic receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Voltage-gated channels in the cell membrane open and permit ion flow through the membrane. 
B)  The activity of the sodium-potassium pumps increases. 
C)  Calcium absorption into the axon terminal cell is triggered. 
D)  Neurotransmitter-containing vesicles bind to the inside of the axon terminal membrane. 
A)  Voltage-gated channels in the cell membrane open and permit ion flow through the membrane. 
B)  The activity of the sodium-potassium pumps increases. 
C)  Calcium absorption into the axon terminal cell is triggered. 
D)  Neurotransmitter-containing vesicles bind to the inside of the axon terminal membrane.

Question 16

All of the following are advantages of a folded cerebral cortex EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  the need for blood vasculature in the cortex is eliminated. 
B)  neural conduction time between areas is reduced. 
C)  neurons are brought into closer three-dimensional relationships. 
D)  more cortical surface can be packed into the skull. 
A)  the need for blood vasculature in the cortex is eliminated. 
B)  neural conduction time between areas is reduced. 
C)  neurons are brought into closer three-dimensional relationships. 
D)  more cortical surface can be packed into the skull.

Question 17

The ease with which a cell membrane will permit ions to cross it is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  the concentration gradient. 
B)  permeability. 
C)  the action potential. 
D)  conductivity. 
A)  the concentration gradient. 
B)  permeability. 
C)  the action potential. 
D)  conductivity.

Question 18

The cell body of a neuron contains the same machinery found in most cells, including a nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The effect of a particular neurotransmitter on postsynaptic neurons

Accepted Answer

A)  is always either excitatory or inhibitory. 
B)  depends on the properties of the postsynaptic neuron. 
C)  may be modulated by the presence or absence of another neurotransmitter. 
D)  Both b and c are true. 
A)  is always either excitatory or inhibitory. 
B)  depends on the properties of the postsynaptic neuron. 
C)  may be modulated by the presence or absence of another neurotransmitter. 
D)  Both b and c are true.

Question 20

How do two neurons communicate with each other? Describe the process of synaptic transmission, including both chemical and electrical synapses.

Accepted Answer

Neurons communicate with each other thro

The resting potential of a neuron is typically +40 to +90 millivolts mV).

Within a neuron, the transmission of information is usually . Between neurons, the transmission of information is usually .

The temporal lobe likely bears this name because

Which of the following sequences of steps best represents the order of events that occur during synaptic transmission?

Neurons in two different regions of Brodmann's cytoarchitectonic map always

The corpus callosum

Parts of the brain where metabolic activity is relatively high are characterized by

The thick outer membrane that encloses the brain within the skull is the

A patient has great difficulty in maintaining his posture, walking, and coordinating his movements. His brain injuries probably involve the

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism for removing a neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft?

As a result of a brain injury to this diencephalic structure, a patient is experiencing disruptions in maintaining homeostasis of bodily states and endocrine control.

The part of the thalamus that is most important in relaying information to the primary visual cortex is the

Describe the chemical and electrical properties of an action potential. In your answer, describe the movement of Na⁺ ions and K⁺ ions across the cell membrane and the resulting changes in electrical potential.

Communication between two neurons is always achieved through chemical, and not electrical, mechanisms.

Which of the following statements best describes the immediate consequence of neurotransmitter molecules binding to postsynaptic receptors?

All of the following are advantages of a folded cerebral cortex EXCEPT

The ease with which a cell membrane will permit ions to cross it is referred to as

The cell body of a neuron contains the same machinery found in most cells, including a nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria.

The effect of a particular neurotransmitter on postsynaptic neurons

How do two neurons communicate with each other? Describe the process of synaptic transmission, including both chemical and electrical synapses.

A Brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience

Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience

Hemispheric Specialization

Sensation and Perception

Object Recognition

Attention

Action

Memory

Emotion

Language

Cognitive Control

Social Cognition

Consciousness, Free Will, and the Law

Filters

Exam 2: Structure and Function of the Nervous System

The resting potential of a neuron is typically +40 to +90 millivolts mV).

Within a neuron, the transmission of information is usually . Between neurons, the transmission of information is usually .

The temporal lobe likely bears this name because

Which of the following sequences of steps best represents the order of events that occur during synaptic transmission?

Neurons in two different regions of Brodmann's cytoarchitectonic map always

The corpus callosum

Parts of the brain where metabolic activity is relatively high are characterized by

The thick outer membrane that encloses the brain within the skull is the

A patient has great difficulty in maintaining his posture, walking, and coordinating his movements. His brain injuries probably involve the

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism for removing a neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft?

As a result of a brain injury to this diencephalic structure, a patient is experiencing disruptions in maintaining homeostasis of bodily states and endocrine control.

The part of the thalamus that is most important in relaying information to the primary visual cortex is the

Describe the chemical and electrical properties of an action potential. In your answer, describe the movement of Na+ ions and K+ ions across the cell membrane and the resulting changes in electrical potential.

Communication between two neurons is always achieved through chemical, and not electrical, mechanisms.

Which of the following statements best describes the immediate consequence of neurotransmitter molecules binding to postsynaptic receptors?

All of the following are advantages of a folded cerebral cortex EXCEPT

The ease with which a cell membrane will permit ions to cross it is referred to as

The cell body of a neuron contains the same machinery found in most cells, including a nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria.

The effect of a particular neurotransmitter on postsynaptic neurons

How do two neurons communicate with each other? Describe the process of synaptic transmission, including both chemical and electrical synapses.

A Brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience

Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience

Hemispheric Specialization

Sensation and Perception

Object Recognition

Attention

Action

Memory

Emotion

Language

Cognitive Control

Social Cognition

Consciousness, Free Will, and the Law

Filters

Describe the chemical and electrical properties of an action potential. In your answer, describe the movement of Na⁺ ions and K⁺ ions across the cell membrane and the resulting changes in electrical potential.