Question 1

Which statement is not correct concerning factor scores?

Accepted Answer

A)  In common factor analysis, estimates of factor scores are obtained, and there is no guarantee that factors will be uncorrelated with each other. 
B)  In principal components analysis it is possible to compute exact factor scores that are uncorrelated. 
C)  Factor scores can be used instead of the original variables in subsequent multivariate analysis. 
D)  All statements are correct. 
A)  In common factor analysis, estimates of factor scores are obtained, and there is no guarantee that factors will be uncorrelated with each other. 
B)  In principal components analysis it is possible to compute exact factor scores that are uncorrelated. 
C)  Factor scores can be used instead of the original variables in subsequent multivariate analysis. 
D)  All statements are correct.

Question 2

List at least four of the procedures used for determining the number of factors.

Accepted Answer

· A Priori Determination
· Determination

Question 3

F represents in the factor model Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2+ Ai3 F3 + ... + Aim Fm + ViUi.

Accepted Answer

A)  the common factor 
B)  the number of common factors 
C)  a unique factor variable 
D)  the number of variables 
A)  the common factor 
B)  the number of common factors 
C)  a unique factor variable 
D)  the number of variables

Question 4

For the factor analysis to be appropriate, the variables must be correlated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The factor matrix is also called the factor pattern matrix.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A principal components analysis was run and the following eigenvalue results were obtained: 2.731, 2.218, .442, .341, .183, and .085. How many factors would you retain using the eigenvalues to determine the number of factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six

Question 7

Selecting surrogate variables works well if one factor loading for a variable is clearly higher than all other factor loadings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Factor analysis does not classify variables as dependent or independent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In order to use factor analysis, it is important that the variables be appropriately measured on an ordinal or nominal scale.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The test statistic for sphericity is based on a chi- square transformation of the determinant of the correlation matrix. A large value of the test statistic will favor the acceptance of the null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Factor analysis is a(n) in that the entire set of interdependent relationships is examined.

Accepted Answer

A)  varimax procedure 
B)  orthogonal procedure 
C)  KMO measure of sampling adequacy 
D)  interdependence technique 
A)  varimax procedure 
B)  orthogonal procedure 
C)  KMO measure of sampling adequacy 
D)  interdependence technique

Question 12

The factor scores for the ith factor may be estimated as follows: .

Accepted Answer

A)  Xi = Wi1 F1 + Wi2 F2 + Wi3 F3 + ... + Wim Fm 
B)  Fi = Wi1 X1 + Wi2 X2 + Wi3 Y3 + ... + Wik Yk 
C)  Fi = Wi1 X1 + Wi2 X2 + Wi3 X3 + ... + Wik Xk 
D)  Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2 + Ai3 F3 + ... + Aim Fm 
A)  Xi = Wi1 F1 + Wi2 F2 + Wi3 F3 + ... + Wim Fm 
B)  Fi = Wi1 X1 + Wi2 X2 + Wi3 Y3 + ... + Wik Yk 
C)  Fi = Wi1 X1 + Wi2 X2 + Wi3 X3 + ... + Wik Xk 
D)  Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2 + Ai3 F3 + ... + Aim Fm

Question 13

Which of the following is a way to interpret factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  based on the variables that load high on a factor 
B)  by plotting the variables using the factor loadings as coordinates 
C)  both A and B 
D)  none of the above 
A)  based on the variables that load high on a factor 
B)  by plotting the variables using the factor loadings as coordinates 
C)  both A and B 
D)  none of the above

Question 14

Sometimes, because of prior knowledge, the researcher knows how many factors to expect and thus can specify the number of factors to be extracted beforehand. This is referred to as .

Accepted Answer

A)  determination based on significance tests 
B)  determination based on split- half reliability 
C)  a priori determination 
D)  determination based on scree plot 
A)  determination based on significance tests 
B)  determination based on split- half reliability 
C)  a priori determination 
D)  determination based on scree plot

Question 15

A factor is an underlying dimension that explains the correlations among a set of variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The percentage of the total variance attributed to each factor analysis model is called the percentage of variance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Under what general circumstances is factor analysis used?

Accepted Answer

Factor analysis is used in the following

Question 18

Principal components analysis is appropriate when the primary concern is to identify the underlying dimensions and the common variance is of interest.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

is the last step in factor analysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  Rotate the factors 
B)  Interpret the factors 
C)  Determine the number of factors 
D)  Determine the model fit 
A)  Rotate the factors 
B)  Interpret the factors 
C)  Determine the number of factors 
D)  Determine the model fit

Question 20

are simple correlations between the variables and the factors.

Accepted Answer

A)  Factor scores 
B)  Correlation loadings 
C)  Factor loadings 
D)  Both A and B are correct 
A)  Factor scores 
B)  Correlation loadings 
C)  Factor loadings 
D)  Both A and B are correct

Exam 19: Factor Analysis

Which statement is not correct concerning factor scores?

List at least four of the procedures used for determining the number of factors.

F represents in the factor model Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2+ Ai3 F3 + ... + Aim Fm + ViUi.

For the factor analysis to be appropriate, the variables must be correlated.

The factor matrix is also called the factor pattern matrix.

A principal components analysis was run and the following eigenvalue results were obtained: 2.731, 2.218, .442, .341, .183, and .085. How many factors would you retain using the eigenvalues to determine the number of factors?

Selecting surrogate variables works well if one factor loading for a variable is clearly higher than all other factor loadings.

Factor analysis does not classify variables as dependent or independent.

In order to use factor analysis, it is important that the variables be appropriately measured on an ordinal or nominal scale.

The test statistic for sphericity is based on a chi- square transformation of the determinant of the correlation matrix. A large value of the test statistic will favor the acceptance of the null hypothesis.

Factor analysis is a(n) in that the entire set of interdependent relationships is examined.

The factor scores for the ith factor may be estimated as follows: .

Which of the following is a way to interpret factors?

Sometimes, because of prior knowledge, the researcher knows how many factors to expect and thus can specify the number of factors to be extracted beforehand. This is referred to as .

A factor is an underlying dimension that explains the correlations among a set of variables.

The percentage of the total variance attributed to each factor analysis model is called the percentage of variance.

Under what general circumstances is factor analysis used?

Principal components analysis is appropriate when the primary concern is to identify the underlying dimensions and the common variance is of interest.

is the last step in factor analysis.

are simple correlations between the variables and the factors.

Introduction to Marketing

Defining the Marketing Research

Research Design

Exploratory Research Design

Exploratory Research Design

Descriptive Research Design

Causal Research Design

Measurement and Scaling

Measurement and Scaling

Questionnaire and Form

Sampling: Design and

Sampling: Final and Initial

Fieldwork

Data Preparation

Frequency Distribution, Crosstabulation, and Hypothesis

Analysis of Variance and

Correlation and Regression

Discriminant and Logit

Cluster Analysis

Multidimensional Scaling and

Structural Equation Modeling

Report Preparation and

International Marketing

Filters

F represents in the factor model X_i= A_i1F₁+ A_i2F₂+ A_i3F₃+ ... + A_imF_m+ V_iU_i.