Question 1

Cognitive appraisal refers to the way an individual:

Accepted Answer

A) forms concepts. 
B) interprets a situation. 
C) uses pragmatics when communicating. 
D) uses availability heuristics. 
A) forms concepts. 
B) interprets a situation. 
C) uses pragmatics when communicating. 
D) uses availability heuristics.

Question 2

Cognitive psychologists are interested in examining the process of:

Accepted Answer

A) problem solving. 
B) clinical diagnosis. 
C) classical conditioning. 
D) operant conditioning. 
A) problem solving. 
B) clinical diagnosis. 
C) classical conditioning. 
D) operant conditioning.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true of convergent thinking?

Accepted Answer

A) It works best when a problem has only one right answer. 
B) It occurs during brainstorming. 
C) It produces many solutions to the same problem. 
D) This type of thinking is avoided by creative people. 
A) It works best when a problem has only one right answer. 
B) It occurs during brainstorming. 
C) It produces many solutions to the same problem. 
D) This type of thinking is avoided by creative people.

Question 4

After the outcome of an election is announced,George states that he knew all along what the outcome would be.This is a form of:

Accepted Answer

A) confirmation bias. 
B) hindsight bias. 
C) availability heuristic. 
D) representativeness heuristic. 
A) confirmation bias. 
B) hindsight bias. 
C) availability heuristic. 
D) representativeness heuristic.

Question 5

Solomon is defeated by his rival team in a basketball match.He vows to win the next match against them by asking his coach to give feedback during the practice sessions.According to Lazarus,Solomon has assessed this situation through:

Accepted Answer

A) deductive reasoning. 
B) secondary appraisal. 
C) inductive reasoning. 
D) primary appraisal. 
A) deductive reasoning. 
B) secondary appraisal. 
C) inductive reasoning. 
D) primary appraisal.

Question 6

The concept of mindfulness refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) the state of being receptive to other ways of looking at things. 
B) the state of being alert and mentally present for one's everyday activities. 
C) thinking that is flexible and open to questioning; it is not dogmatic or categorical. 
D) suppressing unconscious thoughts and conflicts within the individual's mind. 
A) the state of being receptive to other ways of looking at things. 
B) the state of being alert and mentally present for one's everyday activities. 
C) thinking that is flexible and open to questioning; it is not dogmatic or categorical. 
D) suppressing unconscious thoughts and conflicts within the individual's mind.

Question 7

Which of the following scenarios illustrates the use of a conceptual skill?

Accepted Answer

A) Andrea is organizing a debate competition in her school. 
B) Lionel is imparting soft skills training to new employees. 
C) Ryan is studying for his graduate record examination on a weekday. 
D) Julie is watching the latest movie in town with her friends. 
A) Andrea is organizing a debate competition in her school. 
B) Lionel is imparting soft skills training to new employees. 
C) Ryan is studying for his graduate record examination on a weekday. 
D) Julie is watching the latest movie in town with her friends.

Question 8

Carlos believes that all of the people from another part of his town are snobs.He is scheduled to perform with some students from that part of the town in an all-county musical presentation.If he assumes that these students are also rich and snobby,he is using _____ reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A) inductive 
B) functional 
C) critical 
D) deductive 
A) inductive 
B) functional 
C) critical 
D) deductive

Question 9

Harry intends to pursue his career in the armed forces.However,his mother prevents him from applying for a position in the armed forces.She fears that she will lose her son just like she lost her husband who died during his regime in the armed forces.Hence,it can be concluded that Harry's mother has used _____.

Accepted Answer

A) confirmation bias 
B) the availability heuristic 
C) hindsight bias 
D) the representativeness heuristic 
A) confirmation bias 
B) the availability heuristic 
C) hindsight bias 
D) the representativeness heuristic

Question 10

Bonnie and Clyde have decided to purchase a new entertainment center.As this will be a major financial investment,they spend a lot of time researching their options.Helen,a psychology student,advises them to distract themselves with an alternate activity before they come to any purchase decisions.Is this a good advice?

Accepted Answer

A) No, research has shown that people who approach complex decisions in a consciously deliberate fashion and then act immediately make better choices. 
B) No, research has shown that people make better decisions when they study their options and act decisively before additional information causes them to change their minds. 
C) Yes, research has shown that people who approach complex decisions after being distracted are more likely to make better decisions. 
D) Yes, research has shown that a few hours of sleep is necessary before making a smart decision. 
A) No, research has shown that people who approach complex decisions in a consciously deliberate fashion and then act immediately make better choices. 
B) No, research has shown that people make better decisions when they study their options and act decisively before additional information causes them to change their minds. 
C) Yes, research has shown that people who approach complex decisions after being distracted are more likely to make better decisions. 
D) Yes, research has shown that a few hours of sleep is necessary before making a smart decision.

Question 11

Which of the following is the main difference between algorithms and heuristics?

Accepted Answer

A) Unlike heuristics, algorithms lead to different answers to a given problem. 
B) Heuristics take more time than algorithms. 
C) Unlike heuristics, algorithms always guarantee a solution. 
D) Unlike heuristics, algorithms are shortcut strategies that suggest a solution to a problem. 
A) Unlike heuristics, algorithms lead to different answers to a given problem. 
B) Heuristics take more time than algorithms. 
C) Unlike heuristics, algorithms always guarantee a solution. 
D) Unlike heuristics, algorithms are shortcut strategies that suggest a solution to a problem.

Question 12

Gregory is a 13-month-old toddler.According to milestones of language development,which of the following language milestones is attained by Gregory at this age?

Accepted Answer

A) He uses a few prepositions. 
B) He uses plurals. 
C) He understands more than fifty words. 
D) He understands the meaning of past tense. 
A) He uses a few prepositions. 
B) He uses plurals. 
C) He understands more than fifty words. 
D) He understands the meaning of past tense.

Question 13

Every week during football season,Fred and his friends have fun following the local high school teams.Before the games,Fred never really talks too much about how the games will turn out.On Monday,however,it is a different scenario altogether.Fred is more than happy to share with his friends that the results of the games turned out exactly as he thought they would.Thus,it can be concluded that Fred is demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

A) overconfidence bias. 
B) hindsight bias. 
C) inductive reasoning. 
D) deductive reasoning. 
A) overconfidence bias. 
B) hindsight bias. 
C) inductive reasoning. 
D) deductive reasoning.

Question 14

According to Noam Chomsky,the fact that children all over the world acquire language at the same time indicates that:

Accepted Answer

A) human beings are prewired to learn language at a certain time. 
B) language is learned through reinforcement at certain times. 
C) language is learned through imitation. 
D) language is influenced by the parents' vocabulary. 
A) human beings are prewired to learn language at a certain time. 
B) language is learned through reinforcement at certain times. 
C) language is learned through imitation. 
D) language is influenced by the parents' vocabulary.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true of subgoals?

Accepted Answer

A) Working backward in establishing subgoals should be typically avoided. 
B) They are initial goals that put the individual in a better position for reaching a final solution. 
C) They are devised while developing problem-solving strategies. 
D) They are used to evaluate the solutions. 
A) Working backward in establishing subgoals should be typically avoided. 
B) They are initial goals that put the individual in a better position for reaching a final solution. 
C) They are devised while developing problem-solving strategies. 
D) They are used to evaluate the solutions.

Question 16

In everyday situations,finding and framing problems can be difficult because most real-life problems:

Accepted Answer

A) are vague and ill defined. 
B) require employing complex operations. 
C) cannot be solved by the average person. 
D) do not require openness to experience. 
A) are vague and ill defined. 
B) require employing complex operations. 
C) cannot be solved by the average person. 
D) do not require openness to experience.

Question 17

If Sammy scores nearly the same every time he takes a test,it can be concluded that the test is _____.

Accepted Answer

A) valid 
B) highly reliable 
C) standardized 
D) normally distributed 
A) valid 
B) highly reliable 
C) standardized 
D) normally distributed

Question 18

Which of the following best explains being cognitively flexible?

Accepted Answer

A) The tendency to report falsely, after the fact, that one has accurately predicted an outcome 
B) Recognizing that options are available and adapting to the situation 
C) The tendency to ignore information about general principles in favor of very specific but vivid information 
D) Fixating on a thing's usual functions 
A) The tendency to report falsely, after the fact, that one has accurately predicted an outcome 
B) Recognizing that options are available and adapting to the situation 
C) The tendency to ignore information about general principles in favor of very specific but vivid information 
D) Fixating on a thing's usual functions

Question 19

If an intelligence test produces the same score over multiple administrations but does not accurately measure intelligence,then the test is _____.

Accepted Answer

A) standardized but not divergent 
B) convergent but not standardized 
C) reliable but not valid 
D) valid but not convergent 
A) standardized but not divergent 
B) convergent but not standardized 
C) reliable but not valid 
D) valid but not convergent

Question 20

Haya is a six-year-old girl.According to milestones of language development,which of the following language milestones is attained by Haya at this age?

Accepted Answer

A) She understands adult literary works. 
B) She coordinates simple sentences. 
C) She understands metaphor and satire. 
D) She develops an understanding of complex grammar forms. 
A) She understands adult literary works. 
B) She coordinates simple sentences. 
C) She understands metaphor and satire. 
D) She develops an understanding of complex grammar forms.

Cognitive appraisal refers to the way an individual:

Cognitive psychologists are interested in examining the process of:

Which of the following statements is true of convergent thinking?

After the outcome of an election is announced,George states that he knew all along what the outcome would be.This is a form of:

Solomon is defeated by his rival team in a basketball match.He vows to win the next match against them by asking his coach to give feedback during the practice sessions.According to Lazarus,Solomon has assessed this situation through:

The concept of mindfulness refers to:

Which of the following scenarios illustrates the use of a conceptual skill?

Carlos believes that all of the people from another part of his town are snobs.He is scheduled to perform with some students from that part of the town in an all-county musical presentation.If he assumes that these students are also rich and snobby,he is using _____ reasoning.

Which of the following is the main difference between algorithms and heuristics?

Gregory is a 13-month-old toddler.According to milestones of language development,which of the following language milestones is attained by Gregory at this age?

According to Noam Chomsky,the fact that children all over the world acquire language at the same time indicates that:

Which of the following statements is true of subgoals?

In everyday situations,finding and framing problems can be difficult because most real-life problems:

If Sammy scores nearly the same every time he takes a test,it can be concluded that the test is _____.

Which of the following best explains being cognitively flexible?

If an intelligence test produces the same score over multiple administrations but does not accurately measure intelligence,then the test is _____.

Haya is a six-year-old girl.According to milestones of language development,which of the following language milestones is attained by Haya at this age?

What Is Psychology?

Psychology’s Scientific Method

Biological Foundations of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Human Development

Motivation and Emotion

Gender, Sex, and Sexuality

Personality

Social Psychology

Industrial and Organizational Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Health Psychology

Filters

Exam 8: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

Cognitive appraisal refers to the way an individual:

Cognitive psychologists are interested in examining the process of:

Which of the following statements is true of convergent thinking?

After the outcome of an election is announced,George states that he knew all along what the outcome would be.This is a form of:

Solomon is defeated by his rival team in a basketball match.He vows to win the next match against them by asking his coach to give feedback during the practice sessions.According to Lazarus,Solomon has assessed this situation through:

The concept of mindfulness refers to:

Which of the following scenarios illustrates the use of a conceptual skill?

Carlos believes that all of the people from another part of his town are snobs.He is scheduled to perform with some students from that part of the town in an all-county musical presentation.If he assumes that these students are also rich and snobby,he is using _____ reasoning.

Which of the following is the main difference between algorithms and heuristics?

Gregory is a 13-month-old toddler.According to milestones of language development,which of the following language milestones is attained by Gregory at this age?

According to Noam Chomsky,the fact that children all over the world acquire language at the same time indicates that:

Which of the following statements is true of subgoals?

In everyday situations,finding and framing problems can be difficult because most real-life problems:

If Sammy scores nearly the same every time he takes a test,it can be concluded that the test is _____.

Which of the following best explains being cognitively flexible?

If an intelligence test produces the same score over multiple administrations but does not accurately measure intelligence,then the test is _____.

Haya is a six-year-old girl.According to milestones of language development,which of the following language milestones is attained by Haya at this age?

What Is Psychology?

Psychology’s Scientific Method

Biological Foundations of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Human Development

Motivation and Emotion

Gender, Sex, and Sexuality

Personality

Social Psychology

Industrial and Organizational Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Health Psychology

Filters