Question 1

What have psychologists learned about memory from studies of the patient H.M.?

Accepted Answer

A) It is possible to lose the ability to store new memories,without necessarily losing the ability to recall old memories. 
B) The corpus callosum is particularly important for maintaining communication between the left and right hemispheres of the cortex. 
C) People with amnesia are more likely to lose their procedural memories than to lose their factual memories. 
D) It is possible to form new long-term memories even after losing all ability to form short-term memories. 
A) It is possible to lose the ability to store new memories,without necessarily losing the ability to recall old memories. 
B) The corpus callosum is particularly important for maintaining communication between the left and right hemispheres of the cortex. 
C) People with amnesia are more likely to lose their procedural memories than to lose their factual memories. 
D) It is possible to form new long-term memories even after losing all ability to form short-term memories.

Question 2

In psychologists' current conception of working memory,what is the relationship between the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad?

Accepted Answer

A) Information first enters the phonological loop and then gets transferred to the visuospatial sketchpad. 
B) Information first enters the visuospatial sketchpad and then gets transferred to the phonological loop. 
C) The phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad handle different kinds of information,which do not interfere with each other. 
D) Anything in the phonological loop is also processed simultaneously by the visuospatial sketchpad. 
A) Information first enters the phonological loop and then gets transferred to the visuospatial sketchpad. 
B) Information first enters the visuospatial sketchpad and then gets transferred to the phonological loop. 
C) The phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad handle different kinds of information,which do not interfere with each other. 
D) Anything in the phonological loop is also processed simultaneously by the visuospatial sketchpad.

Question 3

Paul and Pam both got 85% correct on the first test.Pam studied hard for the next two tests while Paul quit studying altogether.Now,strangely,the final exam turns out to be almost identical to the first test.Who will do better on the final exam,and why?

Accepted Answer

A) Paul,because Pam will be hampered by proactive interference. 
B) Paul,because Pam will be hampered by retroactive interference. 
C) Pam,because Paul will be hampered by proactive interference. 
D) Pam,because Paul will be hampered by retroactive interference. 
A) Paul,because Pam will be hampered by proactive interference. 
B) Paul,because Pam will be hampered by retroactive interference. 
C) Pam,because Paul will be hampered by proactive interference. 
D) Pam,because Paul will be hampered by retroactive interference.

Question 4

The hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to

Accepted Answer

A) overestimate their own predictions of an event after the event occurs. 
B) underestimate their own predictions of an event after the event occurs. 
C) remember the early items in a list better than the later items in a list. 
D) devalue events that have already taken place and failed to live up to their expectations. 
A) overestimate their own predictions of an event after the event occurs. 
B) underestimate their own predictions of an event after the event occurs. 
C) remember the early items in a list better than the later items in a list. 
D) devalue events that have already taken place and failed to live up to their expectations.

Question 5

According to the levels-of-processing principle,some memories are easier to recall than others because

Accepted Answer

A) we held them in short-term memory longer before transferring them into long-term memory. 
B) we stored them deeper in the cerebral cortex. 
C) we thought about them more during the storage process. 
D) we stored them in terms of sound and structure of the word instead of meaning. 
A) we held them in short-term memory longer before transferring them into long-term memory. 
B) we stored them deeper in the cerebral cortex. 
C) we thought about them more during the storage process. 
D) we stored them in terms of sound and structure of the word instead of meaning.

Question 6

In working memory the component that is responsible for governing shifts of attention is called the

Accepted Answer

A) phonological loop. 
B) central executive. 
C) visuospatial sketchpad. 
D) consolidator. 
A) phonological loop. 
B) central executive. 
C) visuospatial sketchpad. 
D) consolidator.

Question 7

If a memory is very weak,which method of testing memory is most likely to detect that memory?

Accepted Answer

A) free recall 
B) cued recall 
C) recognition 
D) savings 
A) free recall 
B) cued recall 
C) recognition 
D) savings

Question 8

A lineup measures memory in what way?

Accepted Answer

A) recall 
B) cued recall 
C) savings 
D) recognition 
A) recall 
B) cued recall 
C) savings 
D) recognition

Question 9

Research on children who have experienced traumatic events (e.g. ,witnessed the murder of their parents,been kidnapped)indicates that memories for traumatic events are most likely to be dissociated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

One significant problem with eyewitness testimony is that

Accepted Answer

A) short-term memory fades almost completely during the interval between the event and the trial. 
B) most juries do not trust eyewitness testimony as much as they should. 
C) people's memory sometimes fills in information that has been suggested to them,even though it did not happen. 
D) the depth-of-processing principle is in conflict with the encoding specificity principle. 
A) short-term memory fades almost completely during the interval between the event and the trial. 
B) most juries do not trust eyewitness testimony as much as they should. 
C) people's memory sometimes fills in information that has been suggested to them,even though it did not happen. 
D) the depth-of-processing principle is in conflict with the encoding specificity principle.

Question 11

The __________ effect is a tendency to remember the first items on a list;the __________ effect is a tendency to remember the last items.

Accepted Answer

A) recency...primacy 
B) primacy...recency 
C) retrograde...anterograde 
D) anterograde...retrograde 
A) recency...primacy 
B) primacy...recency 
C) retrograde...anterograde 
D) anterograde...retrograde

Question 12

Bob is preparing to study for his final exam in art history.He needs to review Chapter 12 of his textbook and has been told that he should use the SPAR method to study.Explain what each of the letters in the SPAR acronym stands for and give an example of how Bob would use each step to effectively study his reading.

Accepted Answer

S is for Survey.Examples include preview

Question 13

In Ebbinghaus's studies of memorization of nonsense syllables,who did the memorizing?

Accepted Answer

A) students in Ebbinghaus's General Psychology course 
B) mentally retarded adults 
C) Ebbinghaus's children 
D) Ebbinghaus himself 
A) students in Ebbinghaus's General Psychology course 
B) mentally retarded adults 
C) Ebbinghaus's children 
D) Ebbinghaus himself

Question 14

An association that facilitates remembering information in long-term memory is known as a/an ____________________ cue.
retrieval

Accepted Answer

The answer of An association that facilitates remembering information in...

Question 15

People tend to lose semantic memories more quickly and easily than they lose episodic memories.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

After the end of the semester,certain students seem to have forgotten everything they learned.To find out whether their amnesia is complete or only partial,their professor teaches them the material again to see whether they learn any faster the second time than they did the first time.What kind of memory test is this?

Accepted Answer

A) recognition 
B) savings 
C) free recall 
D) cued recall 
A) recognition 
B) savings 
C) free recall 
D) cued recall

Question 17

Which method of testing memory is most likely to show signs of memory even in people who claim that they do not remember something at all?

Accepted Answer

A) implicit 
B) recall 
C) recognition 
D) cued recall 
A) implicit 
B) recall 
C) recognition 
D) cued recall

Question 18

According to the SPAR method of studying,you should take time while reading a chapter in your textbook to answer the Concept Check questions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The portion of working memory that most closely corresponds with what has traditionally been viewed as short-term memory is the

Accepted Answer

A) central executive. 
B) phonological loop. 
C) visuospatial sketchpad. 
D) feature detector. 
A) central executive. 
B) phonological loop. 
C) visuospatial sketchpad. 
D) feature detector.

Question 20

Reports of long-lost memories,prompted by clinical techniques,are known as

Accepted Answer

A) hindsight biases. 
B) recovered memories. 
C) mnemonics. 
D) repressed memories. 
A) hindsight biases. 
B) recovered memories. 
C) mnemonics. 
D) repressed memories.

What have psychologists learned about memory from studies of the patient H.M.?

In psychologists' current conception of working memory,what is the relationship between the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad?

Paul and Pam both got 85% correct on the first test.Pam studied hard for the next two tests while Paul quit studying altogether.Now,strangely,the final exam turns out to be almost identical to the first test.Who will do better on the final exam,and why?

The hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to

According to the levels-of-processing principle,some memories are easier to recall than others because

In working memory the component that is responsible for governing shifts of attention is called the

If a memory is very weak,which method of testing memory is most likely to detect that memory?

A lineup measures memory in what way?

Research on children who have experienced traumatic events (e.g. ,witnessed the murder of their parents,been kidnapped)indicates that memories for traumatic events are most likely to be dissociated.

One significant problem with eyewitness testimony is that

The effect is a tendency to remember the first items on a list;the effect is a tendency to remember the last items.

In Ebbinghaus's studies of memorization of nonsense syllables,who did the memorizing?

An association that facilitates remembering information in long-term memory is known as a/an ____________________ cue. retrieval

People tend to lose semantic memories more quickly and easily than they lose episodic memories.

Which method of testing memory is most likely to show signs of memory even in people who claim that they do not remember something at all?

According to the SPAR method of studying,you should take time while reading a chapter in your textbook to answer the Concept Check questions.

The portion of working memory that most closely corresponds with what has traditionally been viewed as short-term memory is the

Reports of long-lost memories,prompted by clinical techniques,are known as

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Nature,nurture,and Human Development

Learning

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors,stress,and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Abnormality,therapy,and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

S 1-16:final Examination

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Exam 7: Memory

What have psychologists learned about memory from studies of the patient H.M.?

In psychologists' current conception of working memory,what is the relationship between the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad?

Paul and Pam both got 85% correct on the first test.Pam studied hard for the next two tests while Paul quit studying altogether.Now,strangely,the final exam turns out to be almost identical to the first test.Who will do better on the final exam,and why?

The hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to

According to the levels-of-processing principle,some memories are easier to recall than others because

In working memory the component that is responsible for governing shifts of attention is called the

If a memory is very weak,which method of testing memory is most likely to detect that memory?

A lineup measures memory in what way?

Research on children who have experienced traumatic events (e.g. ,witnessed the murder of their parents,been kidnapped)indicates that memories for traumatic events are most likely to be dissociated.

One significant problem with eyewitness testimony is that

The __________ effect is a tendency to remember the first items on a list;the __________ effect is a tendency to remember the last items.

In Ebbinghaus's studies of memorization of nonsense syllables,who did the memorizing?

An association that facilitates remembering information in long-term memory is known as a/an ____________________ cue. retrieval

People tend to lose semantic memories more quickly and easily than they lose episodic memories.

Which method of testing memory is most likely to show signs of memory even in people who claim that they do not remember something at all?

According to the SPAR method of studying,you should take time while reading a chapter in your textbook to answer the Concept Check questions.

The portion of working memory that most closely corresponds with what has traditionally been viewed as short-term memory is the

Reports of long-lost memories,prompted by clinical techniques,are known as

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Nature,nurture,and Human Development

Learning

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors,stress,and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Abnormality,therapy,and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

S 1-16:final Examination

Filters

The effect is a tendency to remember the first items on a list;the effect is a tendency to remember the last items.