Question 1

In the experiment by Peterson and Peterson that demonstrated the decay of short-term memory over 20 seconds,why did they ask their subjects to count backward by threes during the delay?

Accepted Answer

A) to increase depth of processing 
B) to prevent rehearsal 
C) to enable subjects to engage in chunking 
D) to increase the probability of consolidation 
A) to increase depth of processing 
B) to prevent rehearsal 
C) to enable subjects to engage in chunking 
D) to increase the probability of consolidation

Question 2

Research with prisoners of war and children who have been kidnapped finds that people

Accepted Answer

A) typically repress these memories. 
B) typically recall the emotion,but not the content of these events. 
C) have good recall of these events years later. 
D) need therapy in order to recall the events. 
A) typically repress these memories. 
B) typically recall the emotion,but not the content of these events. 
C) have good recall of these events years later. 
D) need therapy in order to recall the events.

Question 3

In the SPAR method,the letters S,P,A,and R stand for

Accepted Answer

A) Scan,Perseverate,Attend,and Repeat 
B) Sense,Perceive,Ask,and Review 
C) Scan,Preview,Attend,and Repeat 
D) Survey,Process,Ask,Review 
A) Scan,Perseverate,Attend,and Repeat 
B) Sense,Perceive,Ask,and Review 
C) Scan,Preview,Attend,and Repeat 
D) Survey,Process,Ask,Review

Question 4

Proactive interference and retroactive interference are mechanisms that contribute to

Accepted Answer

A) forgetting. 
B) Korsakoff's syndrome. 
C) encoding specificity. 
D) level of processing. 
A) forgetting. 
B) Korsakoff's syndrome. 
C) encoding specificity. 
D) level of processing.

Question 5

Since Wanda's brain operation she has been unable to store any new memories to recall them an hour or more later.However,she still recalls everything that happened before her operation.What kind of memory loss does she have?

Accepted Answer

A) anterograde amnesia 
B) retrograde amnesia 
C) global amnesia 
D) context-dependent memory 
A) anterograde amnesia 
B) retrograde amnesia 
C) global amnesia 
D) context-dependent memory

Question 6

The saying "Thirty days hath September..." is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) a threshold. 
B) a short-term memory. 
C) a mnemonic device. 
D) an eidetic image. 
A) a threshold. 
B) a short-term memory. 
C) a mnemonic device. 
D) an eidetic image.

Question 7

Korsakoff's syndrome,which produces a severe memory impairment,is caused by

Accepted Answer

A) a deficiency of the hormone insulin. 
B) a genetic mutation that prevents people from metabolizing phenylalanine. 
C) damage to the corpus callosum. 
D) a prolonged deficiency of vitamin B-1. 
A) a deficiency of the hormone insulin. 
B) a genetic mutation that prevents people from metabolizing phenylalanine. 
C) damage to the corpus callosum. 
D) a prolonged deficiency of vitamin B-1.

Question 8

The most reasonable conclusion concerning the decay of short-term memories is that

Accepted Answer

A) memories are either stored in long-term memory or forgotten in about 18 seconds. 
B) all types of information in short-term memory decay at the same rate. 
C) there is no research evidence that supports the decay hypothesis. 
D) some types of information of current concern can be maintained and updated for longer than 18 seconds even without constant rehearsal. 
A) memories are either stored in long-term memory or forgotten in about 18 seconds. 
B) all types of information in short-term memory decay at the same rate. 
C) there is no research evidence that supports the decay hypothesis. 
D) some types of information of current concern can be maintained and updated for longer than 18 seconds even without constant rehearsal.

Question 9

You say you cannot remember the geography you learned in junior high school.Someone tests whether you can relearn it faster than you learned it the first time.Which method of testing memory is this?

Accepted Answer

A) savings 
B) recognition 
C) free recall 
D) cued recall 
A) savings 
B) recognition 
C) free recall 
D) cued recall

Question 10

A person with Alzheimer's disease will develop

Accepted Answer

A) anterograde amnesia only. 
B) retrograde amnesia only. 
C) anterograde and retrograde amnesia. 
D) confusion,but no specific type of amnesia. 
A) anterograde amnesia only. 
B) retrograde amnesia only. 
C) anterograde and retrograde amnesia. 
D) confusion,but no specific type of amnesia.

Question 11

Episodic memory is memory for specific events in your life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to the encoding specificity principle,the most effective retrieval cues will be the associations that were formed at the time of learning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which kind of memory deficit is most likely to be observed in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) inability to repeat a word just after hearing it. 
B) inability to recall when and where events took place since the onset of the syndrome 
C) inability to remember their own name and other basic information about themselves 
D) inability to remember and use any of their procedural memories 
A) inability to repeat a word just after hearing it. 
B) inability to recall when and where events took place since the onset of the syndrome 
C) inability to remember their own name and other basic information about themselves 
D) inability to remember and use any of their procedural memories

Question 14

Koriat,Bjork,Sheffer,& Bar designed a study in which three groups of students were asked how well they would remember something-either immediately,tomorrow,or next week.What was the result?

Accepted Answer

A) One group thought they would remember extremely well if asked to recall the information immediately;another group thought they would remember fairly well if asked to recall it tomorrow;the last group thought they would not remember well if asked to recall it next week. 
B) One group said they would remember very well if asked to recall the information next week,but another group said they would not remember well at all if asked to recall it tomorrow. 
C) All groups thought they would recall the information equally well,whether asked to recall it immediately,tomorrow,or next week. 
D) None of the groups thought they would be able to remember any of the information. 
A) One group thought they would remember extremely well if asked to recall the information immediately;another group thought they would remember fairly well if asked to recall it tomorrow;the last group thought they would not remember well if asked to recall it next week. 
B) One group said they would remember very well if asked to recall the information next week,but another group said they would not remember well at all if asked to recall it tomorrow. 
C) All groups thought they would recall the information equally well,whether asked to recall it immediately,tomorrow,or next week. 
D) None of the groups thought they would be able to remember any of the information.

Question 15

First you memorized the street map of Detroit.If you now memorize the street map of Philadelphia,you might forget the Detroit map because of

Accepted Answer

A) state-dependent memory. 
B) retroactive interference. 
C) proactive interference. 
D) anterograde amnesia. 
A) state-dependent memory. 
B) retroactive interference. 
C) proactive interference. 
D) anterograde amnesia.

Question 16

Many clinicians now prefer to use the term dissociation instead of Freud's concept of repression.The concept of dissociation

Accepted Answer

A) leaves researchers with the same doubts and problems as the concept of repression. 
B) has led to great advances in our understanding of memories for traumatic events. 
C) allowed researchers to find the brain mechanisms responsible for the unconscious. 
D) leads to the prediction that people form stronger memories for emotional events. 
A) leaves researchers with the same doubts and problems as the concept of repression. 
B) has led to great advances in our understanding of memories for traumatic events. 
C) allowed researchers to find the brain mechanisms responsible for the unconscious. 
D) leads to the prediction that people form stronger memories for emotional events.

Question 17

Psychologists use the term memory to refer to

Accepted Answer

A) the process of retaining information as well as to the information retained. 
B) the process of retaining information only. 
C) the information retained only. 
D) the process of retrieving information from the brain. 
A) the process of retaining information as well as to the information retained. 
B) the process of retaining information only. 
C) the information retained only. 
D) the process of retrieving information from the brain.

Question 18

Increasing the number of retrieval cues for a set of information increases the chances of being able to recall that information later on.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following steps would be most likely to prevent people from developing Korsakoff's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) Pass laws banning the use of dangerous herbicides and insecticides. 
B) Increase the availability of high-quality day-care facilities for low-income families. 
C) Identify children with a genetic disorder early and provide them with special education opportunities. 
D) Fortify all alcoholic beverages with vitamin B-1. 
A) Pass laws banning the use of dangerous herbicides and insecticides. 
B) Increase the availability of high-quality day-care facilities for low-income families. 
C) Identify children with a genetic disorder early and provide them with special education opportunities. 
D) Fortify all alcoholic beverages with vitamin B-1.

Question 20

According to the ____________________ model of memory,human memory is most analogous to a computer.
information-processing

Accepted Answer

informatio

In the experiment by Peterson and Peterson that demonstrated the decay of short-term memory over 20 seconds,why did they ask their subjects to count backward by threes during the delay?

Research with prisoners of war and children who have been kidnapped finds that people

In the SPAR method,the letters S,P,A,and R stand for

Proactive interference and retroactive interference are mechanisms that contribute to

Since Wanda's brain operation she has been unable to store any new memories to recall them an hour or more later.However,she still recalls everything that happened before her operation.What kind of memory loss does she have?

The saying "Thirty days hath September..." is an example of

Korsakoff's syndrome,which produces a severe memory impairment,is caused by

The most reasonable conclusion concerning the decay of short-term memories is that

You say you cannot remember the geography you learned in junior high school.Someone tests whether you can relearn it faster than you learned it the first time.Which method of testing memory is this?

A person with Alzheimer's disease will develop

Episodic memory is memory for specific events in your life.

According to the encoding specificity principle,the most effective retrieval cues will be the associations that were formed at the time of learning.

Which kind of memory deficit is most likely to be observed in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome?

Koriat,Bjork,Sheffer,& Bar designed a study in which three groups of students were asked how well they would remember something-either immediately,tomorrow,or next week.What was the result?

First you memorized the street map of Detroit.If you now memorize the street map of Philadelphia,you might forget the Detroit map because of

Many clinicians now prefer to use the term dissociation instead of Freud's concept of repression.The concept of dissociation

Psychologists use the term memory to refer to

Increasing the number of retrieval cues for a set of information increases the chances of being able to recall that information later on.

Which of the following steps would be most likely to prevent people from developing Korsakoff's syndrome?

According to the ____________________ model of memory,human memory is most analogous to a computer. information-processing

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Nature,nurture,and Human Development

Learning

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors,stress,and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Abnormality,therapy,and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

S 1-16:final Examination

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Exam 7: Memory

In the experiment by Peterson and Peterson that demonstrated the decay of short-term memory over 20 seconds,why did they ask their subjects to count backward by threes during the delay?

Research with prisoners of war and children who have been kidnapped finds that people

In the SPAR method,the letters S,P,A,and R stand for

Proactive interference and retroactive interference are mechanisms that contribute to

Since Wanda's brain operation she has been unable to store any new memories to recall them an hour or more later.However,she still recalls everything that happened before her operation.What kind of memory loss does she have?

The saying "Thirty days hath September..." is an example of

Korsakoff's syndrome,which produces a severe memory impairment,is caused by

The most reasonable conclusion concerning the decay of short-term memories is that

You say you cannot remember the geography you learned in junior high school.Someone tests whether you can relearn it faster than you learned it the first time.Which method of testing memory is this?

A person with Alzheimer's disease will develop

Episodic memory is memory for specific events in your life.

According to the encoding specificity principle,the most effective retrieval cues will be the associations that were formed at the time of learning.

Which kind of memory deficit is most likely to be observed in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome?

Koriat,Bjork,Sheffer,& Bar designed a study in which three groups of students were asked how well they would remember something-either immediately,tomorrow,or next week.What was the result?

First you memorized the street map of Detroit.If you now memorize the street map of Philadelphia,you might forget the Detroit map because of

Many clinicians now prefer to use the term dissociation instead of Freud's concept of repression.The concept of dissociation

Psychologists use the term memory to refer to

Increasing the number of retrieval cues for a set of information increases the chances of being able to recall that information later on.

Which of the following steps would be most likely to prevent people from developing Korsakoff's syndrome?

According to the ____________________ model of memory,human memory is most analogous to a computer. information-processing

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Nature,nurture,and Human Development

Learning

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors,stress,and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Abnormality,therapy,and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

S 1-16:final Examination

Filters