Question 1

Most of the early failure to uncover a significant relationship between Type A behavior and heart disease occurred because

Accepted Answer

A)  Type A is a collection of several behavioral tendencies only one of which may cause health problems. 
B)  Type A behavior caused heart disease in the past but not anymore. 
C)  the first studies that predicted heart attacks were lucky. 
D)  self-report inventories are unreliable. 
A)  Type A is a collection of several behavioral tendencies only one of which may cause health problems. 
B)  Type A behavior caused heart disease in the past but not anymore. 
C)  the first studies that predicted heart attacks were lucky. 
D)  self-report inventories are unreliable.

Question 2

Define and distinguish among three aspects of emotion that can be examined like personality traits. Describe the characteristics of each aspect of emotion in terms of predictable behavior patterns. What aspects of emotion are related to health and why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define and distinguish among three aspects of...

Question 3

Monroe is very competitive at work and when playing sports with his friends. He often takes work home with him in the evening and frequently eats lunch at his desk so he can do two things at once. He gets very frustrated and sometimes angry when he can't do something well the first time. Monroe could best be classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  extravert. 
B)  Type A person. 
C)  person high in need for Achievement. 
D)  person high in need for Power. 
A)  extravert. 
B)  Type A person. 
C)  person high in need for Achievement. 
D)  person high in need for Power.

Question 4

One type of achievement goal is a mastery goal, which is focused on developing

Accepted Answer

A)  recognition. 
B)  competence. 
C)  affiliations with others. 
D)  public awareness of important issues. 
A)  recognition. 
B)  competence. 
C)  affiliations with others. 
D)  public awareness of important issues.

Question 5

Researchers find that if we know how typically a person experiences positive affect, we can predict that person's

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional expressiveness. 
B)  number of health problems. 
C)  level of social activity. 
D)  affect intensity. 
A)  emotional expressiveness. 
B)  number of health problems. 
C)  level of social activity. 
D)  affect intensity.

Question 6

One reason dispositional optimists handle stressful situations better than pessimists is that optimists

Accepted Answer

A)  have more friends to help them. 
B)  use different kinds of coping strategies. 
C)  have more successes in life to pick them up. 
D)  are more likely to use active coping strategies. 
A)  have more friends to help them. 
B)  use different kinds of coping strategies. 
C)  have more successes in life to pick them up. 
D)  are more likely to use active coping strategies.

Question 7

Which of the following did early researchers examining need for Achievement have in common with many psychoanalytic therapists?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both based their work on Freud's theory of personality. 
B)  Both used free association. 
C)  Both used projective tests. 
D)  Both were concerned with repression. 
A)  Both based their work on Freud's theory of personality. 
B)  Both used free association. 
C)  Both used projective tests. 
D)  Both were concerned with repression.

Question 8

Most research identifies the "toxic component" in the Type A behavior pattern as

Accepted Answer

A)  achievement striving. 
B)  control motivation. 
C)  time urgency. 
D)  hostility. 
A)  achievement striving. 
B)  control motivation. 
C)  time urgency. 
D)  hostility.

Question 9

A psychologist asks you to look at some pictures and tell a story about the people in them. Which test are you probably taking?

Accepted Answer

A)  Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) 
B)  Picture Description Test (PDT) 
C)  Rorschach test 
D)  Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) 
A)  Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) 
B)  Picture Description Test (PDT) 
C)  Rorschach test 
D)  Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Question 10

Researchers find that people who are high in __________typically achieve more than the average person.

Accepted Answer

A)  affect intensity 
B)  dispositional optimism 
C)  social anxiety 
D)  emotional expressiveness 
A)  affect intensity 
B)  dispositional optimism 
C)  social anxiety 
D)  emotional expressiveness

Question 11

People motivated by mastery goals __________than those driven by performance goals.

Accepted Answer

A)  achieve their goals more often 
B)  tend to retain the information and skills they learn longer 
C)  have greater difficulty with specific achievements 
D)  tend to avoid whatever could lead to failure more 
A)  achieve their goals more often 
B)  tend to retain the information and skills they learn longer 
C)  have greater difficulty with specific achievements 
D)  tend to avoid whatever could lead to failure more

Question 12

Researchers have found an association between health and each of the following personality variables except one. Which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  Type A 
B)  Negative affect 
C)  Dispositional optimism 
D)  Affect intensity 
A)  Type A 
B)  Negative affect 
C)  Dispositional optimism 
D)  Affect intensity

Question 13

The original researchers of achievement motivation were not interested in all kinds of achievement. They were specifically interested in

Accepted Answer

A)  achievement in school. 
B)  entrepreneurial behavior. 
C)  individual differences in achievement behavior. 
D)  cultural difference in achievement concepts. 
A)  achievement in school. 
B)  entrepreneurial behavior. 
C)  individual differences in achievement behavior. 
D)  cultural difference in achievement concepts.

Question 14

According to an attribution analysis of achievement behavior, first-year student Arnold is most likely to improve his academic performance if he attributes poor freshman grades to

Accepted Answer

A)  his ability. 
B)  the difficulty of college classes. 
C)  his level of effort. 
D)  inadequate preparation for college. 
A)  his ability. 
B)  the difficulty of college classes. 
C)  his level of effort. 
D)  inadequate preparation for college.

Question 15

Research has identified each of the following except one as characteristic of people high in social anxiety. Which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  They avoid making eye contact. 
B)  They frequently ask friends to help them. 
C)  They keep conversations short and to the point. 
D)  They interpret feedback from others in a negative light. 
A)  They avoid making eye contact. 
B)  They frequently ask friends to help them. 
C)  They keep conversations short and to the point. 
D)  They interpret feedback from others in a negative light.

Question 16

Valerie is interviewing for a job she really wants. However, she also suffers from a high level of social anxiety. During the 30-minute interview, the interviewer twice pauses for several seconds before commenting on what Valerie has said. Based on research findings, how would we expect Valerie to respond to the silence?

Accepted Answer

A)  She enjoys the few moments in which there is no social interaction. 
B)  She says something to keep the conversation going. 
C)  She interprets the silence as a sign the interview is not going well. 
D)  She uses the time to prepare what she wants to say next. 
A)  She enjoys the few moments in which there is no social interaction. 
B)  She says something to keep the conversation going. 
C)  She interprets the silence as a sign the interview is not going well. 
D)  She uses the time to prepare what she wants to say next.

Question 17

Among the conclusions we can draw from research on emotional affectivity, which of the following has been clearly demonstrated?

Accepted Answer

A)  People with positive affect report more health problems. 
B)  Negative affect is related to psychological stress. 
C)  Negative affect is related to social activity. 
D)  Positive affectivity is indicative of a Type A personality style. 
A)  People with positive affect report more health problems. 
B)  Negative affect is related to psychological stress. 
C)  Negative affect is related to social activity. 
D)  Positive affectivity is indicative of a Type A personality style.

Question 18

Cross-cultural researchers investigating achievement motivation find

Accepted Answer

A)  individualistic cultures achieve more than collectivist cultures. 
B)  cultures that emphasize group performance tend to achieve more. 
C)  similar levels of need for Achievement in almost all cultures. 
D)  the meaning of achievement varies as a function of culture. 
A)  individualistic cultures achieve more than collectivist cultures. 
B)  cultures that emphasize group performance tend to achieve more. 
C)  similar levels of need for Achievement in almost all cultures. 
D)  the meaning of achievement varies as a function of culture.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true about shyness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Shy teenagers typically became far shyer in adulthood. 
B)  Shyness can increase satisfaction when a long-term romantic relationship is established. 
C)  Shy people are more likely to talk to a counselor about career advice than to talk with a stranger. 
D)  Shy teenagers have fewer friends than their nonshy peers. 
A)  Shy teenagers typically became far shyer in adulthood. 
B)  Shyness can increase satisfaction when a long-term romantic relationship is established. 
C)  Shy people are more likely to talk to a counselor about career advice than to talk with a stranger. 
D)  Shy teenagers have fewer friends than their nonshy peers.

Question 20

How did the construct of the Type A personality develop? State specific findings regarding how Type A is related to achievement motivation. What are the driving habits? What are the concerns?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did the construct of the Type...

Most of the early failure to uncover a significant relationship between Type A behavior and heart disease occurred because

Define and distinguish among three aspects of emotion that can be examined like personality traits. Describe the characteristics of each aspect of emotion in terms of predictable behavior patterns. What aspects of emotion are related to health and why?

One type of achievement goal is a mastery goal, which is focused on developing

Researchers find that if we know how typically a person experiences positive affect, we can predict that person's

One reason dispositional optimists handle stressful situations better than pessimists is that optimists

Which of the following did early researchers examining need for Achievement have in common with many psychoanalytic therapists?

Most research identifies the "toxic component" in the Type A behavior pattern as

A psychologist asks you to look at some pictures and tell a story about the people in them. Which test are you probably taking?

Researchers find that people who are high in __________typically achieve more than the average person.

People motivated by mastery goals __________than those driven by performance goals.

Researchers have found an association between health and each of the following personality variables except one. Which one?

The original researchers of achievement motivation were not interested in all kinds of achievement. They were specifically interested in

According to an attribution analysis of achievement behavior, first-year student Arnold is most likely to improve his academic performance if he attributes poor freshman grades to

Research has identified each of the following except one as characteristic of people high in social anxiety. Which one?

Among the conclusions we can draw from research on emotional affectivity, which of the following has been clearly demonstrated?

Cross-cultural researchers investigating achievement motivation find

Which of the following statements is true about shyness?

How did the construct of the Type A personality develop? State specific findings regarding how Type A is related to achievement motivation. What are the driving habits? What are the concerns?

What Is Personality

Personality Research Methods

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Freudian Approach: Relevant Research

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Neo-Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Neo-Freudian Theories: Relevant Research

The Trait Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Biological Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Biological Approach: Relevant Research

The Humanistic Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Humanistic Approach: Relevant Research

The Behavioralsocial Learning Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Behavioral Social Learning Approach: Relevant Research

The Cognitive Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Cognitive Approach: Relevant Research Appendix: Your Personality Glossary

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Exam 8: The Trait Approach: Relevant Research

Most of the early failure to uncover a significant relationship between Type A behavior and heart disease occurred because

Define and distinguish among three aspects of emotion that can be examined like personality traits. Describe the characteristics of each aspect of emotion in terms of predictable behavior patterns. What aspects of emotion are related to health and why?

One type of achievement goal is a mastery goal, which is focused on developing

Researchers find that if we know how typically a person experiences positive affect, we can predict that person's

One reason dispositional optimists handle stressful situations better than pessimists is that optimists

Which of the following did early researchers examining need for Achievement have in common with many psychoanalytic therapists?

Most research identifies the "toxic component" in the Type A behavior pattern as

A psychologist asks you to look at some pictures and tell a story about the people in them. Which test are you probably taking?

Researchers find that people who are high in __________typically achieve more than the average person.

People motivated by mastery goals __________than those driven by performance goals.

Researchers have found an association between health and each of the following personality variables except one. Which one?

The original researchers of achievement motivation were not interested in all kinds of achievement. They were specifically interested in

According to an attribution analysis of achievement behavior, first-year student Arnold is most likely to improve his academic performance if he attributes poor freshman grades to

Research has identified each of the following except one as characteristic of people high in social anxiety. Which one?

Among the conclusions we can draw from research on emotional affectivity, which of the following has been clearly demonstrated?

Cross-cultural researchers investigating achievement motivation find

Which of the following statements is true about shyness?

How did the construct of the Type A personality develop? State specific findings regarding how Type A is related to achievement motivation. What are the driving habits? What are the concerns?

What Is Personality

Personality Research Methods

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Freudian Approach: Relevant Research

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Neo-Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Neo-Freudian Theories: Relevant Research

The Trait Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Biological Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Biological Approach: Relevant Research

The Humanistic Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Humanistic Approach: Relevant Research

The Behavioralsocial Learning Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Behavioral Social Learning Approach: Relevant Research

The Cognitive Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Cognitive Approach: Relevant Research Appendix: Your Personality Glossary

Filters