Exam 13: The Behavioralsocial Learning Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

A woman experiences high levels of nervousness right before she is to speak in front of a large audience. She decides she can't go through with the speech. She later tells her husband she could not speak because she was anxious. If her husband were B. F. Skinner, how might he respond?

Which problem with self-monitoring methods can be overcome by using observation by others as a data-collection method?

Explain from where our expectations come for behaviors we have never performed before, according to Bandura. Define self-efficacy and efficacy expectations and give your own examples of mastery experiences and vicarious experiences.

Operant conditioning would be rather limited if every new situation required learning a new response. However, this is not the case because of __________, which allows us to "spread" learning from one situation to another.

Children in one study observed a model acting aggressively against an adult-sized plastic Bobo doll. The children were then given an opportunity to imitate the model on their own, followed by an opportunity to demonstrate the aggressive acts for rewards. The study was designed to demonstrate

The conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (UCS) in Watson and Rayner's experiment with a baby known as Little Albert were, respectively,

People are more likely to engage in a behavior if it is followed by a reward. According to Rotter, this is because the reward

The behavioral approach to personality postulates that personality is

Therapy based on self-efficacy is designed to help people

Bandura argued there are internal determinants as well as external causes of behavior. Which of the following is not an internal influence?

Which of the following is advocated by Bandura in his social-cognitive theory?

After Pavlov conditioned his dogs to salivate upon hearing a bell, the bell acted as a(n)

The self-monitoring method may have problems due to the fact that

Positive and negative reinforcement are similar in that both processes

From Bandura's research on observational learning in children, we can conclude that whether a child performs an aggressive act depends on

John's mother wants her son to stop crying every time something goes wrong. Following a psychologist's advice, she stops running to comfort John whenever the boy starts crying over some minor incident. After a few weeks, she notices that John cries much less frequently than he used to. This is an example of

According to Bandura, we learn many behaviors by observing models. Whether or not we perform these behaviors depends on

A man launches a campaign to change a law he does not like. According to Rotter, whether the man persists at this campaign depends on if

Many complex human behaviors cannot be learned through classical or operant conditioning but are acquired through observational learning.

Psychologists use shaping because of which of the following limitations of operant conditioning?