Exam 13: The Behavioralsocial Learning Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

Define operant conditioning and contrast it with classical conditioning. State the law of effect and describe the nature of the observations made by Thorndike to formulate the law. Give two examples of your own that illustrate the reinforcement strategies used in operant conditioning to increase desired behaviors.

Colleen is trying to decide which of two events to enter in the school track meet. She thinks she would have a better chance of winning the 100-meter race but decides to enter the 10,000-meter race instead. According to Rotter's theory,

According to self-efficacy theory, the extent of people's beliefs that they can bring about particular outcomes is referred to as

In Rotter's model, a behavior potential is determined in part by

According to Bandura, behavior therapy procedures

Which classical conditioning procedure might you use if you wanted to decrease the frequency of a response?

A psychologist teaches a client who has a pathological fear of snakes to relax. She then has the client imagine increasingly vivid scenes about snakes while relaxing. The psychologist is using which type of therapy technique?

Tony's mother wants him to learn to play with other children. She begins by offering him a quarter whenever he plays with other children nearby, even if he plays by himself. Later, she gives him a quarter only when he plays on the same playground equipment other children are playing on. Finally, she gives him a quarter only if he actually plays with the other children. Tony's mother is demonstrating how to use

Systematic desensitization is used by behavior therapists to help clients suffering from which problem?

After a new stimulus-response association is classically conditioned, it must be paired with the old stimulus occasionally or reinforced to avoid

Which of the following has not been shown to be a result of self-efficacy beliefs?

Behaviorists believe that conditioning principles can be examined to understand the processes that shape our personalities.

According to B. F. Skinner, we are mistaken when we look to inner causes for our actions because

Which of the following statements is not correct?

Critics of behaviorism have raised each of the following points except one. Which one?

Every time a boy visited his grandfather, he would pass a house with a large dog in the yard that would bark and scare the boy. Years later, the boy becomes anxious whenever he visits his grandfather, even though the dog is no longer there. The boy learned to become anxious in this situation through which process?

A basic tenet of Rotter's social learning theory is that the strength of expectancy is determined by the value we place on reinforcement.

Bandura's concept of reciprocal determinism is different from Skinner's radical behaviorism in that radical behaviorism

Which of the following treatments for problem behaviors would be an application of operant conditioning?

A person can learn a behavior without ever performing it. This concept is part of which approach to personality?