Question 1

Given the statement: (F ∨ ∼ S) ⊃ ∼(S ∨ ∼F)
This statement is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Contingent. 
B)  Self-contradictory. 
C)  Inconsistent. 
D)  Valid. 
E)  Tautologous. 
A)  Contingent. 
B)  Self-contradictory. 
C)  Inconsistent. 
D)  Valid. 
E)  Tautologous.

Question 2

B ⊃ ∼Q Q
∼B

Accepted Answer

A)  Modus ponens. 
B)  Modus tollens. 
C)  Disjunctive syllogism. 
D)  Invalid. 
E)  Denying the antecedent. 
A)  Modus ponens. 
B)  Modus tollens. 
C)  Disjunctive syllogism. 
D)  Invalid. 
E)  Denying the antecedent.

Question 3

R

Accepted Answer

A)  Invalid. 
B)  Affirming the consequent. 
C)  Disjunctive syllogism. 
D)  Modus tollens. 
E)  Modus ponens. 
A)  Invalid. 
B)  Affirming the consequent. 
C)  Disjunctive syllogism. 
D)  Modus tollens. 
E)  Modus ponens.

Question 4

D ∨ ∼E

Accepted Answer

A)  AC-invalid. 
B)  DS-invalid. 
C)  Invalid. 
D)  MP-valid. 
E)  HS-valid. 
A)  AC-invalid. 
B)  DS-invalid. 
C)  Invalid. 
D)  MP-valid. 
E)  HS-valid.

Question 5

∼A ⊃ ∼F

Accepted Answer

A)  MT-valid. 
B)  CD-valid. 
C)  Invalid. 
D)  DD-invalid. 
E)  HS-valid. 
A)  MT-valid. 
B)  CD-valid. 
C)  Invalid. 
D)  DD-invalid. 
E)  HS-valid.

Question 6

Statement 1H
Given the following statement:
(S ⊃ ∼ R) ⊃ (∼ S • R)
-The truth table for Statement 1H has how many lines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two. 
B)  Eight. 
C)  Four. 
D)  Six. 
E)  Nine. 
A)  Two. 
B)  Eight. 
C)  Four. 
D)  Six. 
E)  Nine.

Question 7

Proposition 1E
Given the following proposition:
∼{[(Y ≡ ∼ A) ⊃ (∼ X ∨ Y)] • (∼ B ∨ ∼ X)}
-In Proposition 1E, the main operator is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  Dot. 
B)  Triple bar. 
C)  Wedge. 
D)  Tilde. 
E)  Horseshoe. 
A)  Dot. 
B)  Triple bar. 
C)  Wedge. 
D)  Tilde. 
E)  Horseshoe.

Question 8

Given the statement: (A ∨ ∼ S) • (S • ∼ A)
This statement is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Valid. 
B)  Tautologous. 
C)  Self-contradictory. 
D)  Contingent. 
E)  Inconsistent. 
A)  Valid. 
B)  Tautologous. 
C)  Self-contradictory. 
D)  Contingent. 
E)  Inconsistent.

Question 9

Given the argument: Q ⊃ (A ∨ M) / A ⊃ (W ∨ C) / M ⊃ (E ∨ C) / ∼(W ∨ E) // Q ⊃ C
This argument is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Invalid. 
B)  Uncogent. 
C)  Cogent. 
D)  Valid. 
E)  Sound. 
A)  Invalid. 
B)  Uncogent. 
C)  Cogent. 
D)  Valid. 
E)  Sound.

Question 10

(J ⊃ ∼M) • (∼A ⊃ R)

Accepted Answer

A)  DD-valid. 
B)  Invalid. 
C)  CD-valid. 
D)  MT-valid. 
E)  CD-invalid. 
A)  DD-valid. 
B)  Invalid. 
C)  CD-valid. 
D)  MT-valid. 
E)  CD-invalid.

Question 11

Given the argument: E ⊃ J / B ⊃ Q / D ⊃ (J • ∼ Q) // (E • B) ≡ D
This argument is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Uncogent. 
B)  Sound. 
C)  Valid. 
D)  Invalid. 
E)  Cogent. 
A)  Uncogent. 
B)  Sound. 
C)  Valid. 
D)  Invalid. 
E)  Cogent.

Question 12

Given the argument: N ≡ D / D ⊃ ∼ N // ∼ N
This argument is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Invalid; fails in 2nd line. 
B)  Invalid; fails in 4th line. 
C)  Valid. 
D)  Invalid; fails in 5th line. 
E)  Invalid; fails in 3rd line. 
A)  Invalid; fails in 2nd line. 
B)  Invalid; fails in 4th line. 
C)  Valid. 
D)  Invalid; fails in 5th line. 
E)  Invalid; fails in 3rd line.

Question 13

(∼H ⊃ B) • (L ⊃ ∼T)

Accepted Answer

A)  MT-valid. 
B)  DD-valid. 
C)  CD-valid. 
D)  HS-valid. 
E)  CD-invalid. 
A)  MT-valid. 
B)  DD-valid. 
C)  CD-valid. 
D)  HS-valid. 
E)  CD-invalid.

Question 14

Statement 2C
Given the following statement:
[G ⊃ (R • N)] ∨ [R ⊃ (G • N)]
-Statement 2C is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Tautologous. 
B)  Contingent. 
C)  Inconsistent. 
D)  Self-contradictory. 
E)  Consistent. 
A)  Tautologous. 
B)  Contingent. 
C)  Inconsistent. 
D)  Self-contradictory. 
E)  Consistent.

Question 15

Statement 2B
Given the following statement:
[N ≡ (S • J)] ⊃ [S ⊃ (N ⊃ J)]
-Statement 2B is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Inconsistent. 
B)  Contingent. 
C)  Consistent. 
D)  Self-contradictory. 
E)  Tautologous. 
A)  Inconsistent. 
B)  Contingent. 
C)  Consistent. 
D)  Self-contradictory. 
E)  Tautologous.

Question 16

The truth table for Statement 3I has how many lines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Six. 
B)  Nine. 
C)  Eleven. 
D)  Eight. 
E)  Four. 
A)  Six. 
B)  Nine. 
C)  Eleven. 
D)  Eight. 
E)  Four.

Question 17

Proposition 2A
Given the following proposition:
[(X ⊃ A) • (B ⊃ ∼ Y)] ⊃ [(B ∨ Y) • (A ⊃ X)]
-Given that A and B are true and X and Y are false, determine the truth value of Proposition 2A.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

F ⊃ ∼H

Accepted Answer

A)  Pure hypothetical syllogism. 
B)  Constructive dilemma. 
C)  Invalid. 
D)  Affirming the consequent. 
E)  Disjunctive syllogism. 
A)  Pure hypothetical syllogism. 
B)  Constructive dilemma. 
C)  Invalid. 
D)  Affirming the consequent. 
E)  Disjunctive syllogism.

Question 19

Statement 1E
Given the following statement:
(G ≡ ∼ H) ∨ (H ⊃ G)
-The truth table for Statement 1E has how many lines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Six. 
B)  Eight. 
C)  Two. 
D)  Four. 
E)  Nine. 
A)  Six. 
B)  Eight. 
C)  Two. 
D)  Four. 
E)  Nine.

Question 20

Tulane increasing enrollment is a necessary condition for Duke's reducing class size if and only if Fordham's raising tuition is a sufficient condition for Georgetown's expanding course offerings.

Accepted Answer

A)  (D ∨ T) ≡ (F ∨ G) 
B)  (D ⊃ T) ≡ (F ⊃ G) 
C)  (T ⊃ 
D)  ≡ (G ⊃ F) 
D)  (F ⊃ G) ⊃ (D ⊃ T) 
E)  (D ⊃ T) ⊃ (F ⊃ G) 
A)  (D ∨ T) ≡ (F ∨ G) 
B)  (D ⊃ T) ≡ (F ⊃ G) 
C)  (T ⊃ 
D)  ≡ (G ⊃ F) 
D)  (F ⊃ G) ⊃ (D ⊃ T) 
E)  (D ⊃ T) ⊃ (F ⊃ G)

Given the statement: (F ∨ ∼ S) ⊃ ∼(S ∨ ∼F) This statement is:

B ⊃ ∼Q Q ∼B

R

D ∨ ∼E

∼A ⊃ ∼F

Statement 1H Given the following statement: (S ⊃ ∼ R) ⊃ (∼ S • R) -The truth table for Statement 1H has how many lines?

Proposition 1E Given the following proposition: ∼{[(Y ≡ ∼ A) ⊃ (∼ X ∨ Y)] • (∼ B ∨ ∼ X)} -In Proposition 1E, the main operator is a:

Given the statement: (A ∨ ∼ S) • (S • ∼ A) This statement is:

Given the argument: Q ⊃ (A ∨ M) / A ⊃ (W ∨ C) / M ⊃ (E ∨ C) / ∼(W ∨ E) // Q ⊃ C This argument is:

(J ⊃ ∼M) • (∼A ⊃ R)

Given the argument: E ⊃ J / B ⊃ Q / D ⊃ (J • ∼ Q) // (E • B) ≡ D This argument is:

Given the argument: N ≡ D / D ⊃ ∼ N // ∼ N This argument is:

(∼H ⊃ B) • (L ⊃ ∼T)

Statement 2C Given the following statement: [G ⊃ (R • N)] ∨ [R ⊃ (G • N)] -Statement 2C is:

Statement 2B Given the following statement: [N ≡ (S • J)] ⊃ [S ⊃ (N ⊃ J)] -Statement 2B is:

The truth table for Statement 3I has how many lines?

Proposition 2A Given the following proposition: [(X ⊃ A) • (B ⊃ ∼ Y)] ⊃ [(B ∨ Y) • (A ⊃ X)] -Given that A and B are true and X and Y are false, determine the truth value of Proposition 2A.

F ⊃ ∼H

Statement 1E Given the following statement: (G ≡ ∼ H) ∨ (H ⊃ G) -The truth table for Statement 1E has how many lines?

Tulane increasing enrollment is a necessary condition for Duke's reducing class size if and only if Fordham's raising tuition is a sufficient condition for Georgetown's expanding course offerings.

Basic Concepts

Language: Meaning and Definition

Informal Fallacies

Categorical Propositions

Categorical Syllogisms

Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic

Predicate Logic

Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning

Causality and Mills Methods

Probability

Statistical Reasoning

Hypotheticalscientific Reasoning

Science and Superstition

Filters

Exam 6: Propositional Logic

Given the statement: (F ∨ ∼ S) ⊃ ∼(S ∨ ∼F) This statement is:

B ⊃ ∼Q Q ∼B

R

D ∨ ∼E

∼A ⊃ ∼F

Statement 1H Given the following statement: (S ⊃ ∼ R) ⊃ (∼ S • R) -The truth table for Statement 1H has how many lines?

Proposition 1E Given the following proposition: ∼{[(Y ≡ ∼ A) ⊃ (∼ X ∨ Y)] • (∼ B ∨ ∼ X)} -In Proposition 1E, the main operator is a:

Given the statement: (A ∨ ∼ S) • (S • ∼ A) This statement is:

Given the argument: Q ⊃ (A ∨ M) / A ⊃ (W ∨ C) / M ⊃ (E ∨ C) / ∼(W ∨ E) // Q ⊃ C This argument is:

(J ⊃ ∼M) • (∼A ⊃ R)

Given the argument: E ⊃ J / B ⊃ Q / D ⊃ (J • ∼ Q) // (E • B) ≡ D This argument is:

Given the argument: N ≡ D / D ⊃ ∼ N // ∼ N This argument is:

(∼H ⊃ B) • (L ⊃ ∼T)

Statement 2C Given the following statement: [G ⊃ (R • N)] ∨ [R ⊃ (G • N)] -Statement 2C is:

Statement 2B Given the following statement: [N ≡ (S • J)] ⊃ [S ⊃ (N ⊃ J)] -Statement 2B is:

The truth table for Statement 3I has how many lines?

Proposition 2A Given the following proposition: [(X ⊃ A) • (B ⊃ ∼ Y)] ⊃ [(B ∨ Y) • (A ⊃ X)] -Given that A and B are true and X and Y are false, determine the truth value of Proposition 2A.

F ⊃ ∼H

Statement 1E Given the following statement: (G ≡ ∼ H) ∨ (H ⊃ G) -The truth table for Statement 1E has how many lines?

Tulane increasing enrollment is a necessary condition for Duke's reducing class size if and only if Fordham's raising tuition is a sufficient condition for Georgetown's expanding course offerings.

Basic Concepts

Language: Meaning and Definition

Informal Fallacies

Categorical Propositions

Categorical Syllogisms

Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic

Predicate Logic

Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning

Causality and Mills Methods

Probability

Statistical Reasoning

Hypotheticalscientific Reasoning

Science and Superstition

Filters