Exam 17: Multiple Regression

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NARRBEGIN: Real Estate Builder Real Estate Builder A real estate builder wishes to determine how house size is influenced by family income, family size, and education of the head of household. House size is measured in hundreds of square feet, income is measured in thousands of dollars, and education is measured in years. A partial computer output is shown below.SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.865 R. Square 0.748 Adjusted R Square 0.726 Standard Error 5.195 Observations 50 ANOVA df SS MS F Signif F Regression 3605.7736 901.4434 0.0001 Residual 1214.2264 26.9828 Total 49 4820.0000 Coeff st.error -value Intercept -1.6335 5.807 -0.281 0.798 Family Income 0.4485 0.1137 3.9545 0.0003 Family Size 4.2615 0.8062 5.286 0.0001 Education -0.6517 0.4319 -1.509 0.1383 NARREND -{Real Estate Builder Narrative} What is the predicted house size for an individual earning an annual income of $40,000, having a family size of 4, and having 13 years of education?

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If the value of the Durbin-Watson statistic d is small (d < 2), this indicates a(n) ____________________ (positive/negative) first-order autocorrelation exists.

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Multiple regression has four requirements for the error variable. One is that the probability distribution of the error variable is ____________________.

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NARRBEGIN: Real Estate Builder Real Estate Builder A real estate builder wishes to determine how house size is influenced by family income, family size, and education of the head of household. House size is measured in hundreds of square feet, income is measured in thousands of dollars, and education is measured in years. A partial computer output is shown below.SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.865 R. Square 0.748 Adjusted R Square 0.726 Standard Error 5.195 Observations 50 ANOVA df SS MS F Signif F Regression 3605.7736 901.4434 0.0001 Residual 1214.2264 26.9828 Total 49 4820.0000 Coeff st.error -value Intercept -1.6335 5.807 -0.281 0.798 Family Income 0.4485 0.1137 3.9545 0.0003 Family Size 4.2615 0.8062 5.286 0.0001 Education -0.6517 0.4319 -1.509 0.1383 NARREND -{Real Estate Builder Narrative} Which of the independent variables in the model are significant at the 2% level?

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Because of multicollinearity, the t-tests of the individual coefficients may indicate that some independent variables are not linearly related to the dependent variable, when in fact they are.

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The Durbin-Watson statistic, d, is defined as d=i=2n(eiei1)2/i=1neid = \sum _ { i = 2 } ^ { n } \left( e _ { i } - e _ { i - 1 } \right) ^ { 2 } / \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } e _ { i } , where ei is the residual at time period i.

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In a multiple regression analysis, if the model provides a poor fit, this indicates that:

(Multiple Choice)
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In calculating the standard error of the estimate, sz=MSEs _ { z } = \sqrt { \mathrm { MSE } } , there are (n - k - 1) degrees of freedom, where n is the sample size and k is the number of independent variables in the model.

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To use the Durbin-Watson test to test for positive first-order autocorrelation, the null hypothesis will be H0: ____________________ (there is/there is no) first-order autocorrelation.

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In a multiple regression analysis involving 6 independent variables, the total variation in y is 900 and SSR = 600. What is the value of SSE?

(Multiple Choice)
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In a multiple regression model, the mean of the probability distribution of the error variable ε\varepsilon is assumed to be:

(Multiple Choice)
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A multiple regression model has the form y^=b0+b1x1+b2x2\hat { y } = b _ { 0 } + b _ { 1 } x _ { 1 } + b _ { 2 } x _ { 2 } . The coefficient b1 is interpreted as the average change in y per unit change in x1.

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When an additional explanatory variable is introduced into a multiple regression model, coefficient of determination adjusted for degrees of freedom can never decrease.

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In order to test the significance of a multiple regression model involving 4 independent variables and 25 observations, the numerator and denominator degrees of freedom for the critical value of F are 3 and 21, respectively.

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NARRBEGIN: Student's Final Grade Student's Final Grade A statistics professor investigated some of the factors that affect an individual student's final grade in her course. She proposed the multiple regression model y=β0+β1x1+β2x2+β3x3+εy = \beta _ { 0 } + \beta _ { 1 } x _ { 1 } + \beta _ { 2 } x _ { 2 } + \beta _ { 3 } x _ { 3 } + \varepsilon , where y is the final grade (out of 100 points), x1 is the number of lectures skipped, x2 is the number of late assignments, and x3 is the midterm exam score (out of 100). The professor recorded the data for 50 randomly selected students. The computer output is shown below.THE REGRESSION EQUATION IS y^=41.63.18x11.17x2+.63x3\hat { y } = 41.6 - 3.18 x _ { 1 } - 1.17 x _ { 2 } + .63 x _ { 3 } PredictOr Coef SuDsv T Constant 41.6 17.8 2.337 -3.18 1.66 -1.916 -1.17 1.13 -1.035 0.63 0.13 4.846 S=13.74RSq=30.0%S = 13.74 \quad R - S q = 30.0 \% ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE Source of Variation Regression 3 3716 1238.667 6.558 Error 46 8688 188.870 Total 49 12404 NARREND -{Student's Final Grade Narrative} What is the adjusted coefficient of determination? What does this statistic tell you?

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For the multiple regression model: y^=75+25x115x2+10x3\hat { y } = 75 + 25 x _ { 1 } - 15 x _ { 2 } + 10 x _ { 3 } , if x2 were to increase by 5, holding x1 and x3 constant, the value of y will:

(Multiple Choice)
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For a multiple regression model, the total variation in y can be expressed as:

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In multiple regression analysis, the adjusted coefficient of determination is adjusted for the number of independent variables and the sample size.

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If the Durbin-Watson statistic d has values smaller than 2, this indicates

(Multiple Choice)
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A small value of F indicates that most of the variation in y is explained by the regression equation and that the model is useful.

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