Exam 10: Causality and Mills Methods

Table 2C Given the following table: Possible Conditions Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon 1 * * * * * * * 2 * - * * * * - -What cause is suggested by the information in Table 2C?

When we say that an electric current flowing through the filament of a light bulb causes the bulb to produce light, we mean 'cause' in the sense of a:

Table 3C Given the following table: Possible Conditions Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon 1 - * - * * - - 2 * * * * - * * 3 - - * - * * * 4 - * - - - * - 5 * * - * * - * 6 - - * - * * - -What method was used to determine the cause suggested by Table 3C?

The controlled experiment in science is most closely related to which of Mill's methods?

The correlational method used in the social sciences is closely related to which of Mill's methods?

Table 4C Given the following table: Possible Conditions Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon 1 - * * * * - * 2 * * - * - * - 3 - * * - * * * 4 * - * - - * * 5 - * - * * - - 6 * - - - * * - -What cause is suggested by the information in Table 4C?

Table 4B Given the following table: Possible Conditions Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon 1 * * * * * * * 2 * * - * * * - -What method was used to determine the cause suggested by Table 4B?

Table 1C Given the following table: $\text { Possible Conditions }$ Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon 1 * * * - * * * 2 * - * * * - * 3 * - * * * * * 4 * * - * * * * 5 - * * * * - * 6 * * - * * * * -What method was used to determine the cause suggested by Table 1C?

Table 3B Given the following table: Possible Conditions Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon 1 * * * * - * * 2 - * * * * - * 3 - * * * * * * 4 * * - * * * * 5 * - * * * - * 6 * * - * * * * -What method was used to determine the cause suggested by Table 3B?

When we say that throwing a wine glass against a brick wall causes it to break, we mean 'cause' in the sense of a:

When we say that electrically charged particles in the atmosphere cause lightning, we mean 'cause' in the sense of a:

The experiment described in your textbook involving the effect of a possible carcinogen on 100 mice is most closely related to which of Mill's methods?

A condition X is not a sufficient condition for Y if:

Suppose that a homeowner notices a 20 percent increase in the water bill for July. The homeowner traces this increase to four sources: a running toilet, a dripping faucet, a guest who visited for two days, and a broken sprinkler head. Further study shows that the broken toilet accounts for 8 percent of the increase, the faucet 2 percent, and the visiting guest 4 percent. The homeowner concludes that the remaining 8 percent is attributable to the broken sprinkler head. What method did the homeowner use in drawing this conclusion?

The method used by Henrietta Swan Leavitt in her discovery involving Cepheids, which is described in your textbook, is similar to:

Table 2C Given the following table: Possible Conditions Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon 1 * * * * * * * 2 * - * * * * - -What method was used to determine the cause suggested by Table 2C?

Suppose that the owner of an older model Porsche Carrera notices that it takes 7 percent longer for her car to accelerate from zero to sixty than it did when the car was new. From a book relating to relevant parameters, she calculates that 2 percent of the reduction can be attributed to the fact that the car now has larger tires. Also, the alcohol content of the gas accounts for 2 percent, dirty spark plugs for 1 percent, and the fact that she now lives in Los Angeles, where the air is thicker than it was in Denver, where she bought the car, accounts for 1 percent. The owner attributes the remaining 1 percent to general aging of the engine. What method did the owner use in drawing this conclusion?

The retrospective study described in your textbook in which a nutritionist attempted to determine the effect of several vitamins and minerals on atherosclerosis is closely related to which of Mill's methods?

Table 3C Given the following table: Possible Conditions Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon 1 - * - * * - - 2 * * * * - * * 3 - - * - * * * 4 - * - - - * - 5 * * - * * - * 6 - - * - * * - -What cause is suggested by the information in Table 3C?

When we say that sunshine causes the flowers to bloom, we mean 'cause' in the sense of a: