Exam 15: Drawing Conclusions: the Search for the Elusive Bottom Line

Evaluating the Experiment from the Inside: Internal Validity While several mistakes can threaten statistical conclusion validity, the two most common ones are

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity Amanda replicated a main effect of type of packaging on product recognition.This increases our confidence that her initial findings were not due to

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity Whenever subjects in an experiment know they are being observed, they may behave differently than others who are not observed.This problem is called

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity The advantage of unobtrusive measures is that they

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity Wally is a subject in an experiment.When he enters the lab, he behaves more politely than he generally would.This represents the phenomenon of

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity Which of these is a concept as opposed to a specific operational definition?

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity Jeffrey administers a depression inventory and social activity journal to offset the errors that could result from using a single incomplete assessment instrument.This strategy is called

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity When independent variables produce stronger effects on some dependent variables than others, this represents a(n)

Evaluating the Experiment from the Inside: Internal Validity Dr.Moss privately worries that his subjects may have guessed his research hypothesis, but doesn't press his subjects for information.Several of his subjects believe that they know the experiment's purpose, but do not reveal this to Dr.Moss.What problem does this situation describe?

Handling a Nonsignificant Outcome Bama conducted an experiment on rats to study the effects of prior experience on hunger motivation.He measured "hunger" by measuring how many food pellets out of 20 a rat consumed in two minutes.However, all the rats ate almost all 20 pellets in every condition.Bama's study was threatened by

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity Harris and Rosenthal (1985) combined the results of several studies of the Rosenthal effect and found that it was strong and consistent in experiments testing the effects of teacher expectancies.Which technique did they use?

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity Researchers may slightly alter the words of the script across different sessions.Aggregation over ____ helps to demonstrate whether data obtained in specific testing sessions are replicable despite changes in language.

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity A design is multivariate when it studies

Evaluating the Experiment from the Inside: Internal Validity When a researcher computes too many a priori comparisons, this threatens

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity All of these are examples of unobtrusive measures except

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity ____ means that we can accurately extend experimental results to other situations.

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity ____ describes the consistency of an effect across past studies and estimates average effect sizes.

Handling a Nonsignificant Outcome Low statistical power reduces statistical conclusion validity and can produce

Handling a Nonsignificant Outcome All of the following are possible explanations for experiment results that do not support the researcher's predictions except

Taking a Broader Perspective: The Problem of External Validity We might increase the external validity of an experiment on color matching that only uses 20 out of 7500 different colors by using