Exam 9: Basic Between-Subjects Designs

Two Matched Groups Critics have challenged the internal validity of Brady's (1958) study of ulcers in monkeys.Select the design that allows us to compare "executive" and "nonexecutive" monkeys and prevents selection threat.

Two Independent Groups In psychotherapy research, ____ are often used as control groups.

Introduction All of these help determine the design of an experiment except

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects As the number of subjects assigned to treatment conditions increases,

Two Matched Groups Matching procedures are especially useful when we have small numbers of subjects because

Multiple Groups Which of the following is a good "rule of thumb" for selecting an experimental design?

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects Significant differences between treatment groups are more difficult to detect when

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects Researchers use statistical procedures for all of these reasons except

Two Matched Groups Will created matched pairs of subjects with identical weights in a study comparing the effectiveness of low-carbohydrate and Mediterranean diets in reducing triglycerides.He used ____ matching.

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects You should use ____ subjects per condition to detect a strong treatment effect.

Two Independent Groups Jason wanted to see if the dogs in his tracking class would complete a tracking course more rapidly if their owners administered larger rewards when they finished.He randomly assigned dogs to groups that received one, two, or three cubes of cheddar cheese as reward and measured the time it took each group to complete the course over five trials.This experiment did not have

Introduction An experimental design is analogous to a building's

People who have known each other for a long time may communicate better than people who have known each other for a short time.Imagine you are carrying out the study suggested in question 6.All your subjects know each other, but for varying lengths of time.How can you make sure that the length of time that subjects have known each other will not be a confounding variable in your study? You can use the control technique of elimination and only use strangers.However, if you intend to generalize the experimental findings to people who know each other, you need to distribute this subject variable across the treatment conditions instead.You can accomplish this with either a two independent groups design or two matched groups design.

Two Matched Groups Which matching procedure consistently creates groups that are most alike on the matching variable?

Multiple Groups A researcher's decision to use more than two levels of the independent variable in an experiment mainly depends on

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects When you want to increase your chance of detecting an effect, you should

Multiple Groups The main advantage of using block randomization instead of random assignment to place subjects in treatment groups is that

Multiple Groups A principal advantage of using more than two treatment conditions in an experiment is that this

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects Researchers obtain large samples to

Two Matched Groups If the matching variable is not highly correlated with the dependent variable,