Exam 8: Solving Problems: Controlling Extraneous Variables

Social Variables In single-blind experiments,

Physical Variables Chase is designing an experiment that requires intense concentration and is concerned about confounding by outside noise.If he can use any of the control techniques discussed in this chapter, his first choice should be

Personality Variables Volunteer subjects may differ from nonvolunteers in that volunteers may be

Social Variables Rosenthal proposed all of these explanations of how "special" teacher expectations affected student performance on IQ tests except

Context Variables Timothy is a shy undergraduate who was pressured by his roommate to help run a field experiment where he had to ask mall shoppers a large or small favor.Since he found most subjects intimidating, he only approached grandmothers and stray children in the large favor condition, and impatient shoppers in the small favor condition.Timothy's behavior

Social Variables A double-blind experiment is not possible in studies like the hypothetical investigation of cartoons and children's art described in this chapter.Instead, an experimenter can take precautions like keeping the person who scores their drawings "blind" to their treatment condition, and standardizing testing and scoring procedures.These steps help control confounding due to

Physical Variables Tim prevented noise from distracting his subjects by testing them in a soundproof room.This illustrates the control technique called

Physical Variables Sometimes we cannot remove physical variables and it is impractical to hold them steady.In these cases, we can control them using

Social Variables Tammy's experiment compared the effectiveness of videotape and textbook presentation of a history lesson.Unexpectedly, her demeanor changed with each treatment condition.She appeared worried during the videotape condition because the audiovisual equipment periodically broke down.In contrast, she seemed relaxed in the textbook condition during which subjects read from a book.Which problem does this illustrate?

Social Variables Single-blind experiments only control for

Social Variables ____ is a form of confounding due to an experimenter providing implicit or explicit cues to subjects to respond in a particular way.

Context Variables All of these are context variables except

Social Variables What does a double-blind experiment control?

Social Variables Hannover and Kuhnan (2002) informed their subjects were that they would be participating in a study of eye-witness identification and that they would be part of a "police line-up." This constituted a ____ to disguise the experimental hypothesis.

Social Variables Russ suffers from social anxiety and participated in a 6-month study of a drug developed to treat this disorder.While the physician who provided his medication knew that Russ was in the experimental group, he did not disclose this information to Russ until the study was completed.Russ participated in a(n)