Question 1

In the spiral staircase model of DNA, the rungs are

Accepted Answer

A) deoxyribose sugars. 
B) hydrogen bonds. 
C) nucleotide base pairs. 
D) phosphate groups. 
E) composed of all of these. 
A) deoxyribose sugars. 
B) hydrogen bonds. 
C) nucleotide base pairs. 
D) phosphate groups. 
E) composed of all of these. C

Question 2

James Watson and Francis Crick

Accepted Answer

A) were both English researchers working at Cambridge University. 
B) performed elegant experiments in DNA chemistry. 
C) constructed an accurate model of the DNA molecule illustrating its structural simplicity. 
D) performed experiments that convinced scientists that DNA is a double-stranded molecule. 
E) did all of these 
A) were both English researchers working at Cambridge University. 
B) performed elegant experiments in DNA chemistry. 
C) constructed an accurate model of the DNA molecule illustrating its structural simplicity. 
D) performed experiments that convinced scientists that DNA is a double-stranded molecule. 
E) did all of these C

Question 3

Thealpha helix was described by

Accepted Answer

A) Pauling. 
B) Hershey and Chase. 
C) Griffith. 
D) Watson and Crick. 
E) Avery. 
A) Pauling. 
B) Hershey and Chase. 
C) Griffith. 
D) Watson and Crick. 
E) Avery. A

Question 4

If all of the hydrogen bonds in a DNA molecule were to break,

Accepted Answer

A) the nucleotide base pairs would separate from each other. 
B) base pairing would not be affected. 
C) the phosphate groups would separate from the deoxyribose sugars. 
D) the deoxyribose sugars would separate from the nitrogen-containing bases. 
E) the molecule would unwind, but the two strands would stay together. 
A) the nucleotide base pairs would separate from each other. 
B) base pairing would not be affected. 
C) the phosphate groups would separate from the deoxyribose sugars. 
D) the deoxyribose sugars would separate from the nitrogen-containing bases. 
E) the molecule would unwind, but the two strands would stay together.

Question 5

Fred Griffith's experiments with two strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Accepted Answer

A) resulted in a vaccine against bacterial pneumonia. 
B) demonstrated that rough (R) bacteria cause pneumonia. 
C) provided evidence that genetic material from one bacterial strain can be transferred to that of another strain. 
D) demonstrated that mice can transform harmless bacteria into pathogenic bacteria. 
E) demonstrated that a harmless, smooth bacterial strain can be transformed into a lethal, rough bacterial strain. 
A) resulted in a vaccine against bacterial pneumonia. 
B) demonstrated that rough (R) bacteria cause pneumonia. 
C) provided evidence that genetic material from one bacterial strain can be transferred to that of another strain. 
D) demonstrated that mice can transform harmless bacteria into pathogenic bacteria. 
E) demonstrated that a harmless, smooth bacterial strain can be transformed into a lethal, rough bacterial strain.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The hydrogen bonding of cytosine to guanine is an example of complementary base pairing. 
B) In DNA, adenine always base pairs with guanine, and cytosine always base pairs with thymine. 
C) Each of the four nucleotides in a DNA molecule has the same nitrogen-containing base. 
D) When adenine base pairs with thymine, they are linked by three hydrogen bonds. 
E) None of these statements are true. 
A) The hydrogen bonding of cytosine to guanine is an example of complementary base pairing. 
B) In DNA, adenine always base pairs with guanine, and cytosine always base pairs with thymine. 
C) Each of the four nucleotides in a DNA molecule has the same nitrogen-containing base. 
D) When adenine base pairs with thymine, they are linked by three hydrogen bonds. 
E) None of these statements are true.

Question 7

If adenine bonds with guanine, and thymine bonds with cytosine, the DNA molecule would

Accepted Answer

A) be constricted along its entire length. 
B) bulge where cytosine bonds with thymine. 
C) constrict where adenine bonds with guanine. 
D) partially constrict and partially bulge along its length. 
E) be highly reactive. 
A) be constricted along its entire length. 
B) bulge where cytosine bonds with thymine. 
C) constrict where adenine bonds with guanine. 
D) partially constrict and partially bulge along its length. 
E) be highly reactive.

Question 8

DNA replication is

Accepted Answer

A) redundant. 
B) semiconservative. 
C) progressive. 
D) conservative. 
E) repetitive. 
A) redundant. 
B) semiconservative. 
C) progressive. 
D) conservative. 
E) repetitive.

Question 9

Rosalind Franklin's research contribution was essential in

Accepted Answer

A) establishing the chemical composition of DNA. 
B) establishing the principle of base pairing. 
C) establishing the principal dimensions of the DNA molecule. 
D) determining the sequence of nucleotides in DNA. 
E) determining the covalent bonding angles within DNA nucleotides. 
A) establishing the chemical composition of DNA. 
B) establishing the principle of base pairing. 
C) establishing the principal dimensions of the DNA molecule. 
D) determining the sequence of nucleotides in DNA. 
E) determining the covalent bonding angles within DNA nucleotides.

Question 10

Bacteriophages are

Accepted Answer

A) large bacteria. 
B) pathogenic bacteria. 
C) viruses that infect bacteria. 
D) virus-eating bacteria. 
E) viruses that infect eukaryotic cells. 
A) large bacteria. 
B) pathogenic bacteria. 
C) viruses that infect bacteria. 
D) virus-eating bacteria. 
E) viruses that infect eukaryotic cells.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning the results of Fred Griffith's experiments?

Accepted Answer

A) Mice injected with smooth (S) bacteria die. 
B) Mice injected with heat-killed, smooth bacteria die. 
C) Mice injected with heat-killed, smooth bacteria and live, rough (R) bacteria die. 
D) Mice injected with rough bacteria live. 
E) The rough bacteria received genetic material from the smooth bacteria. 
A) Mice injected with smooth (S) bacteria die. 
B) Mice injected with heat-killed, smooth bacteria die. 
C) Mice injected with heat-killed, smooth bacteria and live, rough (R) bacteria die. 
D) Mice injected with rough bacteria live. 
E) The rough bacteria received genetic material from the smooth bacteria.

Question 12

Rosalind Franklin used which technique to determine many of the physical characteristics of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) transformation 
B) transmission electron microscopy 
C) density-gradient centrifugation 
D) X-ray diffraction 
E) all of these 
A) transformation 
B) transmission electron microscopy 
C) density-gradient centrifugation 
D) X-ray diffraction 
E) all of these

Question 13

Who was NOT involved in working out the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Avery 
B) Watson 
C) Wilkins 
D) Franklin 
E) Chargaff 
A) Avery 
B) Watson 
C) Wilkins 
D) Franklin 
E) Chargaff

Question 14

Which scientist(s) discovered the basis for the base-pair rule, which states that the amounts of adenine and thymine match, as do the amounts of cytosine and guanine?

Accepted Answer

A) Avery 
B) Griffith 
C) Chargaff 
D) Hershey and Chase 
E) Pauling 
A) Avery 
B) Griffith 
C) Chargaff 
D) Hershey and Chase 
E) Pauling

Question 15

The major challenge in using adult DNA in the cloning process is

Accepted Answer

A) purifying the DNA. 
B) inserting the DNA into cells. 
C) reprogramming it to function like the DNA of an egg 
D) turning off unnecessary genes. 
E) determining what DNA is best to use. 
A) purifying the DNA. 
B) inserting the DNA into cells. 
C) reprogramming it to function like the DNA of an egg 
D) turning off unnecessary genes. 
E) determining what DNA is best to use.

Question 16

DNA polymerase assembles new strands

Accepted Answer

A) in a 5' to 3' direction only. 
B) in a 5' to 3' direction building one strand and a 3' to 5' direction building the other stand. 
C) in a 5' to 3' direction building the first half of a strand and a 3' to 5' direction building the second half of a strand. 
D) in a 3' to 5' direction building the first half of a strand and a 5' to 3' direction building the second half of a strand. 
E) in a 3' to 5' direction on the "old" 3' to 5' strand. 
A) in a 5' to 3' direction only. 
B) in a 5' to 3' direction building one strand and a 3' to 5' direction building the other stand. 
C) in a 5' to 3' direction building the first half of a strand and a 3' to 5' direction building the second half of a strand. 
D) in a 3' to 5' direction building the first half of a strand and a 5' to 3' direction building the second half of a strand. 
E) in a 3' to 5' direction on the "old" 3' to 5' strand.

Question 17

The commercial cloning of pets and livestock is already being performed.The example in the introduction of your book was of a cloned

Accepted Answer

A) cat. 
B) bull. 
C) pig. 
D) elk. 
E) dog. 
A) cat. 
B) bull. 
C) pig. 
D) elk. 
E) dog.

Question 18

Dolly the cloned sheep was conceived by inserting

Accepted Answer

A) a nucleus from an egg cell into an unfertilized egg. 
B) a nucleus from a body cell into an unfertilized egg. 
C) a nucleus from a sperm cell into an unfertilized egg. 
D) two nuclei from body cells into an enucleated egg cell. 
E) a nucleus from a body cell into an enucleated egg cell. 
A) a nucleus from an egg cell into an unfertilized egg. 
B) a nucleus from a body cell into an unfertilized egg. 
C) a nucleus from a sperm cell into an unfertilized egg. 
D) two nuclei from body cells into an enucleated egg cell. 
E) a nucleus from a body cell into an enucleated egg cell.

Question 19

Which scientist(s) identified the transforming substance involved in changing rough (R) bacteria to smooth (S)?

Accepted Answer

A) Avery and McCarty 
B) Griffith 
C) Chargaff 
D) Hershey and Chase 
E) Pauling 
A) Avery and McCarty 
B) Griffith 
C) Chargaff 
D) Hershey and Chase 
E) Pauling

Question 20

Johann Miescher worked with __________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A) sperm 
B) red blood 
C) nerve 
D) muscle 
E) none of these 
A) sperm 
B) red blood 
C) nerve 
D) muscle 
E) none of these

Exam 13: Dna Structure and Function

In the spiral staircase model of DNA, the rungs are

James Watson and Francis Crick

Thealpha helix was described by

If all of the hydrogen bonds in a DNA molecule were to break,

Fred Griffith's experiments with two strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Which of the following statements is true?

If adenine bonds with guanine, and thymine bonds with cytosine, the DNA molecule would

DNA replication is

Rosalind Franklin's research contribution was essential in

Bacteriophages are

Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning the results of Fred Griffith's experiments?

Rosalind Franklin used which technique to determine many of the physical characteristics of DNA?

Who was NOT involved in working out the structure of DNA?

Which scientist(s) discovered the basis for the base-pair rule, which states that the amounts of adenine and thymine match, as do the amounts of cytosine and guanine?

The major challenge in using adult DNA in the cloning process is

DNA polymerase assembles new strands

The commercial cloning of pets and livestock is already being performed.The example in the introduction of your book was of a cloned

Dolly the cloned sheep was conceived by inserting

Which scientist(s) identified the transforming substance involved in changing rough (R) bacteria to smooth (S)?

Johann Miescher worked with __________ cells.

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

From Dna to Protein

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

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